Kematian dan pemakaman George H. W. Bush

Pada 30 November 2018, George H. W. Bush, ke-41 Presiden Amerika Serikat, meninggal setelah berjuang melawan penyakit Parkinson vaskular di rumahnya di Houston, Texas. Dia adalah presiden AS pertama yang meninggal sejak Gerald Ford pada akhir 2006. Pada usia 94 tahun dan 171 hari, Bush adalah presiden AS yang paling lama hidup dalam sejarah sampai 22 Maret 2019, ketika rekornya dilampaui. oleh Jimmy Carter.

Tidak lama setelah tersiar kabar kematian Bush, Presiden Donald Trump menyatakan hari berkabung nasional dan memerintahkan semua bendera "di seluruh Amerika Serikat dan Wilayah dan harta bendanya" diturunkan menjadi setengah tiang selama 30 hari setelah kematiannya. Pemakaman negara George H. W. Bush adalah upacara pemakaman resmi yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Amerika Serikat yang berlangsung selama empat hari dari 3 hingga 6 Desember 2018.

Latar belakang

Mantan Presiden George H. W. Bush telah berjuang dengan masalah kesehatan selama beberapa tahun menjelang kematiannya. Pada 2012, ia didiagnosis menderita Parkinson, mengharuskan penggunaan skuter mobilitas, membatasi kemampuan berbicara dan kemampuannya untuk bepergian ke seluruh dunia (karena ini, ia tidak ada dalam daftar tamu) untuk Upacara pemakaman Nelson Mandela pada tahun 2013, dan memilih untuk mengirim Pesan Belasungkawa kepada keluarga Mandela dan menonton acara melalui saluran televisi C-SPAN sebagai gantinya).[1][2][3] Dia dirawat di rumah sakit beberapa kali dalam kondisi serius, terutama melawatkan pelantikan Donald Trump karena ia berada dalam perawatan intensif di Houston Methodist Hospital.[3][4]

Menyusul kematian istrinya Barbara pada 17 April 2018, Bush terus berurusan dengan berbagai masalah kesehatan. Dia dirawat di rumah sakit sehari setelah pemakamannya dalam kondisi kritis dengan sepsis, tetapi dia akhirnya stabil dan dibebaskan.[5] Pada bulan Mei, sebulan sebelum ulang tahunnya yang ke-94, ia sempat dirawat di rumah sakit di Maine karena tekanan darah rendah. Dirilis setelah sekitar dua minggu, ia kembali ke Houston.[6]

Pada akhir November, kesehatan Bush mulai menurun lagi. Dia menerima mantan Presiden Barack Obama di rumahnya untuk apa yang disebut sebagai "kunjungan pribadi" pada 27 November. Pada 28 November, dia berhenti makan dan tidak meninggalkan tempat tidurnya, mengatakan kepada staf medisnya bahwa dia tidak mau untuk kembali ke rumah sakit. James Baker, mantan Menteri luar negeri dan teman lama Bush, melaporkan bahwa kondisi Bush telah membaik pada pagi hari tanggal 30 November, ketika dia mulai makan lagi dan dapat duduk dari tempat tidur dan bercakap-cakap dengan yang lain . Menurut Baker, makanan terakhir Bush terdiri dari tiga telur rebus, secangkir yogurt, dan dua minuman buah.[3]

Pada malam hari tanggal 30 November, kesehatannya kembali memburuk dan kematian sudah dekat. Tenor Irlandia Ronan Tynan datang dan menyanyikan dua lagu untuk Bush, ketika keluarga dan teman-temannya berkumpul di rumah untuk mengucapkan selamat tinggal. Kata-kata terakhir Bush adalah "Aku juga mencintaimu", berbicara kepada putranya, mantan Presiden George W. Bush, melalui speakerphone.[7] Tak lama setelah percakapan itu, pukul 10:10 malam Waktu Standar Pusat, Bush meninggal dunia pada usia 94, dengan Baker menggambarkan kematiannya sebagai "damai" dan menambahkan "Jika hal-hal itu bisa manis, itu manis".[3]

Dalam beberapa jam setelah kematiannya, kantor mantan presiden mengeluarkan pernyataan yang mengindikasikan bahwa pengaturan pemakaman akan diumumkan "secepat mungkin".[8] The exact cause of death was not immediately announced.[9]

Saya selanjutnya menunjuk 5 Desember 2018, sebagai hari berkabung nasional di seluruh Amerika Serikat. Saya memanggil orang-orang Amerika untuk berkumpul pada hari itu di tempat ibadah masing-masing, di sana untuk memberi penghormatan kepada memori Presiden George H.W. Bush. Saya mengundang orang-orang di dunia yang berbagi kesedihan kami untuk bergabung dengan kami dalam ketaatan yang sungguh-sungguh ini.

Donald J. Trump, Proklamasi Presiden 1 Desember 2018

Bendera Amerika Serikat dikibarkan menjadi setengah tiang di atas kapal USS George H.W. Bush pada 1 Desember 2018.
Meriam kehormatan ditembakkan di Pangkalan Myer-Henderson Hall pada 3 Desember 2018. Meriam penghormatan ditembakkan dengan kenaikan 30 menit dari matahari terbit hingga terbenam di semua instalasi militer A.S. Senin setelah kematian Bush.
Pesawat VC-25 dari 89th Airlift Wing berangkat dari Ellington Field, Texas pada 3 Desember 2018, membawa jasad George H.W. Bush ke Washington untuk pemakaman kenegaraan.
Peti jenazah yang membawa jenazah George H.W. Bush tiba di Joint Base Andrews pada 3 Desember 2018.
Lambang warna, pallbearer kehormatan, dan pallbearer dengan peti jenazah membawa jenazah George H.W. Bush memasuki Gedung Capitol pada 3 Desember 2018.
Anggota masyarakat memberikan penghormatan pada Senin malam, 3 Desember 2018, di peti mati mantan Presiden George H. W. Bush yang di semayamkan di Gedung Capitol.
Presiden Donald Trump memberi penghormatan peti mati berisi jenazah George H.W. Bush sebagai Ibu Negara Melania Trump terlihat saat persemayamannya pada 3 Desember 2018.
"Praise, My Soul, the King of Heaven" dilakukan selama upacara pemakaman di Katedral Nasional pada 5 Desember 2018.
Presiden Trump dan mantan presiden Obama, Clinton, dan Carter bersama dengan istri mereka masing-masing digambarkan dalam upacara Pemakaman di Katedral Nasional pada 5 Desember 2018..
Peti jenazah George H.W. Bush dikeluarkan dari Katedral Nasional setelah kebaktian pada 5 Desember 2018.
Pesawat Strike Fighter Wing Atlantic tiba untuk flyover selama pemakaman jenazah Bush di Perpustakaan George Bush.

Reaksi

Domestik

Pukul 12.49 malam Waktu Standar Timur pada tanggal 1 Desember, Presiden Donald Trump telah mentweet bahwa ia dan Melania Trump "hatinya sakit dengan kehilangannya dan kami, dengan seluruh rakyat Amerika, mengirim doa kami untuk seluruh keluarga Bush ".[10] Mantan Presiden Barack Obama mengatakan dalam sebuah pernyataan bahwa "Kehidupan George H. W. Bush adalah bukti dari anggapan bahwa pelayanan publik adalah panggilan yang mulia dan penuh sukacita. Dan dia melakukan banyak hal baik dalam perjalanan."[11] Mantan Presiden Bill Clinton mengirim pernyataan bahwa "Hillary dan saya berduka atas meninggalnya Presiden George HW Bush, dan bersyukur atas kehidupannya yang panjang dalam pelayanan, cinta, dan persahabatan. Saya akan selamanya bersyukur atas persahabatan kami Dari saat saya bertemu dengannya ketika seorang gubernur muda diundang ke rumahnya di Kennebunkport, saya dikejutkan oleh kebaikan yang dia perlihatkan kepada Chelsea, oleh kesopanannya yang murni bawaan, dan oleh pengabdiannya kepada Barbara, anak-anaknya, dan anak-anak mereka yang sedang tumbuh. "Mantan Presiden Jimmy Carter meratapi kematiannya pada hari Sabtu, mengatakan pemerintahannya "ditandai oleh rahmat, kesopanan, dan kesadaran sosial."[12] Mantan Wakil Presiden Dan Quayle mengatakan bahwa "dunia berduka karena kehilangan orang Amerika yang hebat" dan bahwa dia sering mengatakan kepada anak-anaknya untuk memandang Bush sebagai panutan.[13] Mantan Wakil Presiden Al Gore mengeluarkan pernyataan yang menyebut Bush sebagai "orang berintegritas".[13] Sylvester Turner, walikota Houston - tempat Bush tinggal pada saat kematiannya - mengatakan bahwa ia bergabung dengan "warga Houston dalam berkabung atas kematian George Herbert Walker Bush dan menyatakan belasungkawa yang tulus kepada anak-anaknya dan sisa keluarga Bush ".[14]

Internasional

Pernyataan internasional meliputi:[15]

Mikhail Gorbachev[65]

Galeri

  • Seorang pelaut dari U.S. Navy Ceremonial Honor Guard berfoto selama persemayaman di Gedung Capitol pada 3 Desember 2018
    Seorang pelaut dari U.S. Navy Ceremonial Honor Guard berfoto selama persemayaman di Gedung Capitol pada 3 Desember 2018
  • Pelayat mengelilingi peti jenazah George H.W. Bush saat persemayaman di Gedung Capitol pada 3 Desember 2018
    Pelayat mengelilingi peti jenazah George H.W. Bush saat persemayaman di Gedung Capitol pada 3 Desember 2018
  • George W. Bush dengan penuh air mata memuji George H.W. Bush di National Cathedral pada 5 Desember 2018
    George W. Bush dengan penuh air mata memuji George H.W. Bush di National Cathedral pada 5 Desember 2018
  • Peti jenazah George H.W. Bush disemayamkan di National Cathedral pada 5 Desember 2018
    Peti jenazah George H.W. Bush disemayamkan di National Cathedral pada 5 Desember 2018
  • Meriam penghormatan menembakkan 21 kali meriam penghormatan pada 5 Desember 2018
    Meriam penghormatan menembakkan 21 kali meriam penghormatan pada 5 Desember 2018
  • Cucu mendiang George H.W. Bush George P. Bush berbicara selama kebaktian gereja di Houston pada 6 Desember 2018
    Cucu mendiang George H.W. Bush George P. Bush berbicara selama kebaktian gereja di Houston pada 6 Desember 2018
  • Jenazah Presiden Bush diangkut menggunakan kereta pemakaman oleh Union Pacific yang dicat khusus dari Spring, Texas menuju College Station, Texas pada 6 Desember 2018
    Jenazah Presiden Bush diangkut menggunakan kereta pemakaman oleh Union Pacific yang dicat khusus dari Spring, Texas menuju College Station, Texas pada 6 Desember 2018
  • Strike Fighter Wing Atlantic F-18 lepas landas dari Pangkalan Cadangan Bersama Fort Worth Pangkalan Angkatan Udara untuk jalan layang peringatan pada tanggal 6 Desember 2018
    Strike Fighter Wing Atlantic F-18 lepas landas dari Pangkalan Cadangan Bersama Fort Worth Pangkalan Angkatan Udara untuk jalan layang peringatan pada tanggal 6 Desember 2018
  • Tembakkan artileri Korps Marinir AS di George Bush Presidential Library Center di Universitas A&M Texas menembakkan meriam penghormatan 21 kali pada tanggal 6 Desember 2018
    Tembakkan artileri Korps Marinir AS di George Bush Presidential Library Center di Universitas A&M Texas menembakkan meriam penghormatan 21 kali pada tanggal 6 Desember 2018
  • Penerbang Angkatan Laut AS membentuk formasi selama flyover peringatan George Bush Presidential Library Center pada 6 Desember 2018
    Penerbang Angkatan Laut AS membentuk formasi selama flyover peringatan George Bush Presidential Library Center pada 6 Desember 2018
  • Pasukan gabungan menghormati penjaga dan menteri agama proses dengan peti jenazah menuju makam keluarga pada tanggal 6 Desember 2018
    Pasukan gabungan menghormati penjaga dan menteri agama proses dengan peti jenazah menuju makam keluarga pada tanggal 6 Desember 2018
  • Artileri di Fort Drum, New York menembakkan Salut kepada Union - 50 kali artileri berturut-turut - menandai berakhirnya hari pemakaman pada 6 Desember 2018
    Artileri di Fort Drum, New York menembakkan Salut kepada Union - 50 kali artileri berturut-turut - menandai berakhirnya hari pemakaman pada 6 Desember 2018

Referensi

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  18. ^ Nikol Pashinyan extends condolences to Donald Trump on passing of George H. W. Bush
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  25. ^ "Temer destaca que Bush fue un "líder respetado" en EE.UU y "en el mundo"" [Temer notes that Bush was a "respected leader" in the US and "in the world"] (dalam bahasa Spanish). December 2018. I received with regret the news of the death of former President George H. W. Bush, a respected leader in his country and in the world 
  26. ^ "twitter.com". December 2018. 
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  28. ^ ERR, ERR News (December 1, 2018). "Estonia offers condolences to US on death of President George H.W. Bush". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 2, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 3, 2018. [Kaljulaid said] long and fruitful lives are worth celebrating. My condolences to the family of George H. W. Bush. 
  29. ^ "Former US presidents, Queen Elizabeth, the Dalai Lama, and more react to the death of former president George H.W. Bush". The world has lost a statesman and a leader who was an example to us all. I personally have lost a friend, I will never forget the role he played in making Europe a safer and more united place following the fall of the Berlin Wall and the Iron Curtain. ... President Bush's calmness, leadership and close personal relationships with Helmut Kohl and Mikhail Gorbachev were decisive in restoring peace and freedom back to so many people across our Continent. We Europeans will forever remember this. ... [served his country] with honor, bravery and dignity. ... I personally have lost a friend. 
  30. ^ "Remarks by President Trump and Chancellor Merkel of Germany Before Bilateral Meeting". The White House. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-08-13. Diakses tanggal December 5, 2018. I mourn George Bush, the 41st president of the United States, as the chancellor of the German Federal Republic but also as a German who, without the results of his policies, would hardly be standing here. ... And he’s the father, or one of the fathers, of the German unification, and we will never forget that. 
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  45. ^ [1]
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  60. ^ "Saudi King, Crown Prince offer condolences to US president". Al Arabiya English. December 3, 2018. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 4, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 4, 2018. 
  61. ^ "Singapore leaders send condolences over death of former US president George HW Bush". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-08-13. Diakses tanggal December 3, 2018. [Yacob said] steadfast service to his country will continue to inspire generations to come."; "[Loong said] Bush will be remembered for his statesmanship in bringing about a peaceful end to the Cold War, and cementing America’s leadership in the world."; "[Tong said he was] a man of incredible fortitude and immense conviction 
  62. ^ "Predsednik Republike Slovenije | Predsednik Pahor izrazil sožalje ob smrti nekdanjega ameriškega predsednika Georgea H. W. Busha". www.up-rs.si. Diakses tanggal December 5, 2018. Bush was a great leader and extraordinary man who devoted his life to public service and will always be a role model for leaders to come. ... Bush led the U.S. in the time of great changes that dramatically changed Europe. Europeans will never forget his devotion to freedom and democracy. It was during Bush's presidency that Slovenia gained its independence in 1991 and established diplomatic relations with the U.S. a year later. 
  63. ^ "Ramaphosa sends condolences to USA on passing of former president Bush". December 2018. 
  64. ^ "Former US presidents, Queen Elizabeth, the Dalai Lama, and more react to the death of former president George H.W. Bush". [Bush] made noble endeavors to bring peace on the Korean Peninsula and strengthen the ROK-US alliance. President George H.W. Bush will be long remembered in the hearts of the Korean people. 
  65. ^ "Gorbachev Offers "Deep Condolences"". KSL-TV. Associated Press. December 1, 2018. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 1, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 1, 2018. deep condolences 
  66. ^ "President Tsai extends condolences over former U.S. president's death". Focus Taiwan. December 1, 2018. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 3, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 3, 2018. [condolences to the family of President Bush, a longtime friend of Taiwan, and expressed gratitude for Bush's support for Taiwan and said that what he did for Taiwanese people will be remembered forever.] 
  67. ^ "Rahmon extends condolences to the American people over death of ex-US President H.W. Bush – Tajikistan News ASIA-Plus". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-08-13. Diakses tanggal December 3, 2018. deeply saddened by the news 
  68. ^ "His Majesty pays tribute to Bush Senior". Bangkok Post Public Company Limited. December 6, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 7, 2018. In profound sadness, the people of Thailand and I join all our American friends in mourning the passing ... A much loved leader of his countrymen who devoted his life to public service, former president Bush was equally admired as a world statesman who helped shape and determine the course of peace, security 
  69. ^ "The Latest: Iran notes death of President George H.W. Bush". Charlotte Observer. Associated Press. December 1, 2018. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 1, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 1, 2018. He was in fact the first American President that I was privileged to meet. I recall being deeply touched by your father's concern for the Tibetan people and the situation in Tibet. It is truly admirable to have lived over 94 years. While nothing can replace the loss of a father, we can rejoice in the fact that his was a meaningful life, dedicated to public service. I commend your parents for encouraging their children, including you my dear friend, to devote yourselves to the service of others. 
  70. ^ Poroshenko, Petro (December 1, 2018). "The former US President George W. Bush passed away. True leader and statesman. This man - the legend, under whose presidency the world saw the end of the Cold War. This man - the era, who then witnessed the restoration of Ukraine's independence.pic.twitter.com/VYeXvR1Q6B". Twitter. Diakses tanggal December 22, 2018. True leader and statesman. This man - the legend, under whose presidency the world saw the end of the Cold War. This man - the era, who then witnessed the restoration of Ukraine’s independence. 
  71. ^ Ford, Kaelyn (December 1, 2018). "World leaders remember George H.W. Bush". ABC News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 2, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 2, 2018. [The Queen said] It was with sadness that I learned of the death ... a great friend and ally ... a patriot, serving his country with honour and distinction in Office and during the Second World War. Prince Philip and I remember our days in Texas in 1991 with great fondness. My thoughts and prayers are with President Bush's family and the American people. 
  72. ^ "UAE leaders offer condolences on death of George H. W. Bush". Khaleej Times. December 1, 2018. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 1, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 1, 2018. [Al Maktoum said] Our condolences to the Bush family and to the American people on the passing of George H.W. Bush, who we remember as a firm ally and friend.. 
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  74. ^ "Vietnamese Ambassador pays respects to former US President George H.W.Bush". vietnamplus.vn. December 5, 2018. Diakses tanggal December 6, 2018. Vietnamese Government and people are in grief over the passing of the 41st US President. ... extended the Vietnamese Government and people's deepest condolence to the US Government and people, particularly to Bush's family. ... long-term strategic vision and strong leadership ... helped to lay a firm foundation for the normalization of the two countries' relations and later friendship and cooperation. Vietnamese people always remember Bush's visit to Vietnam in 1995 after the two countries established their diplomatic relations. 
  75. ^ UN Affairs (December 1, 2018). "UN chief saddened at news of death of former US President George H.W. Bush". United Nations. Diakses tanggal December 22, 2018. ... a leader who served the United States with distinction and supported the United Nations with dedication. ... Across the years I was consistently impressed by his compassion, instinct for moderation and commitment to public service. 

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