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Wim nsakrae a wɔsakra no wɔ GhanaGhana bɛyɛɛ UNFCCC no fa wɔ ɛbɔ 1995 mu, na wɔgyee Paris Apam no toomu wɔ ɛbɔ 2016 mu. [1] Wɔ Paris Apam no fa no, wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ Ghana bɛyɛ Ɔman Nsakrae Nhyehyɛe a ɛkyerɛ akwan ahorow a ɔman no refa so ayɛ nsakrae wɔ wim tebea a ɛresakra no mu. ɛweam nsakrae a wɔsakra no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔyɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛboa ama ankrankora ate aseɛ ɛweam tebea ankasa anaa nea wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ɛbɛba daakye no nkɛntɛnso. Botae a ɛwɔ nsakrae a wɔyɛ no mu ne sɛ wɔbɛtew nkɛntɛnso bɔne a ɛweam nsakrae de ba no so (te sɛ ɛpo mu nsu a ɛkɔ soro, ɛweam tebea a emu yɛ den kɛse, anaa aduane a wonnya nni). Nea ɛka ho nso ne hokwan biara a mfaso wɔ so a ebetumi aba a ɛbata ɛweam nsakrae ho a wɔde bedi dwuma yiyie.[2] Wɔbu akontaa sɛ ɛweam nsakraeɛ bɛka nipa ne sikasɛm mu ɔhaw a nsuyiri ne ɔpɛ a ɛba Ghana de ba no ho, na ɛbɛnya nkɛntɛnsoɔ pii wɔ nkɔsoɔ mmeaeɛ titire te sɛ aduane a wɔbɛnya, nsuo ho nhyehyɛeɛ, akwanhosɛm, ne sikasɛm mu nkɔsoɔ no.[3] Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, Ghana aban ne Amanaman Ntam Nkɔsoɔ Mfɛfoɔ foforɔ de akwan a wɔbɛfa so ahunu nneɛma a ɛho hia wɔ mmerɛwyɛ ne nsakraeɛ mu na wɔde saa nimdeɛ yi ahyɛ nkɔsoɔ ne nnwumakuo nhyehyɛeɛ mu.[4] Nnwumakuw no mu mmerɛwyɛ atitiriwAduan a wobenyaGhana sikasɛm gyina nnwuma a ɛfa ɛweam tebea ho te sɛ kuadwuma kɛseɛ, na ɛma abɔdeɛ mu nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho banbɔ ne ne korakora yɛ tebea a ɛho hia ansa na wɔayɛ aduane nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛyɛ den.[5] Kuadwuma ne mmoayɛn adwuma no ne Ghana aduane ne sikasɛm akyi berɛmo, ɛfiri sɛ Ghana nipa ɔpepem aduasa mmienu no mu bɛboro fa na wɔ yɛ nwuma yi.[6][7] Kuadwuma yɛ ɔman no mu nneɛma nyinaa mu 33%. Nsunsuanso a ɛweam nsakrae de ba, sɛnea ɛda adi wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro ne ɔpɛ a ɛba kɛse mu no yɛ nea ɛhaw adwene titiriw, efisɛ ɛde nkɛntɛnso ahorow a ɛkɔ so pii ne nea ɛnteɛ ba a ɛka kuayɛ ne mmoayɛn adwuma no.[8] Wɔ afe 2016 mu no, Ghanafoɔ bɛyɛ 5% hyiaa aduane a wɔnni na nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem mmienu hyiaa tenaase sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduane a wɔnni.[9] Nsuo mu nneɛmaɛweam nsakrae aka nsuo a ɛwɔ Ghana dedaw, na ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse sɛ ɛweam nsakrae bɛba. ɛweam nsakrae betumi aka nsuo dodoɔ ne ne su a nnipa betumi adi wɔ bere pɔtee bi mu,[10] ne kuayɛ, nnwuma, ne nsuo mu ayinam ahoɔden nso. Ebia ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro no bɛma asubɔnten no mu nsuo no so ate, na nsakrae a ɛba osutɔ mu no betumi aka nsuo a ɛsen ne asase ase nsuo a ɛsan ba no nyinaa.[11] Bio nso, ɛnam sɛ mprempren nipa dodoɔ no mu 25% nni nsuo pa nti, ɛweam nsakraeɛ bɛma Ghana nsuo ho haw no ayɛ kɛseɛ.[12] Nsuo pa a ɛwɔ hɔ no ho hia ma Ghana asetena ne sikasɛm mu nkɔsoɔ, enti ɛho hia sɛ yɛte abusuabɔ a ɛda wim nsakraeɛ ne nkɛntɛnsoɔ a ɛde ba nsuo ho nneɛma so no ase sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a wɔde nhyehyɛeɛ pɔtee bi bedi dwuma de ako atia.[13] ApomudenNhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ nyarewa a ɛwɔ Ghana no mu bɛboro fa ne ɛweam tebea a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne ɛweam nsakrae wɔ abusuabɔ.[14] Wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛweam nsakrae bɛtumi ama wɔanya nyarewa bi te sɛ asramma ne adwenemhaw a ɛkɔ soro. Bere a ɛweam tebea sesa no, wɔahu mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa te sɛ asramma ne atiridii ba no wɔ mmeayƐ a wɔanhu no mfiase no.[15] ɛbia nsɛm a ɛfa ohia ho te sɛ aduane pa a wonnya nni ne ahotew nti, sɛnea nipa ahorow te nka wɔ nkɛntɛnso a ɛweam nsakrae de ba akwahosɛm so no ayɛ kɛse. Bio nso, ɔman no tumi a ɛtumi yɛ nsakraeɛ, anaa tumi a ɛtumi hwɛ kwan, siesie ne ho ma, na ɛyɛ ho biribi ma saa nsunsuansoɔ yi sua ɛfiri sɛ nneɛma te sɛ akwahosan asoɛeɛ ne nnuruyɛfoɔ dodoɔ a ɛba fɔm bɛma wɔanya akwahosɛm ho nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛsua.[16] Ɔman no akwan ahorow, nhyehyeyɛ, ne ahyehyɛdeɛ ahorowƆman no akwan ne nhyehyɛe ahorow
Asoɛe nhyehyɛeNneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho banbɔ adwumakuo (EPA)[18] yɛ adwumakuo a ɛde ne ho a ɛhwɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia so wɔ Ghana Aban mu . Ɛwɔ asɛdeɛ sɛ ɛhwɛ ma Ghana nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no yɛ papa denam nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmra ne ne di so, na ɛde nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho haw bɛka nkɔsoɔ nhyehyɛeɛ no mu wɔ ɔman, ɔmantam, ne ɔmansin mu. ɛweam nsakraeɛ ho nnwuma a wɔde bedi dwuma ne ɛweam nsakraeɛ a wɔde bɛhyɛ aban ne ankorankoro nnwuma nyinaa mu no, Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) na ɛyɛ. Nsɛm a wɔde gyinaa so
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