Matenda a Zika
Magulu ndiponso kumene kwachokera zinthu
Khungu lowauka chifukwa cha matenda a Zika
ICD/CIM-10	U06.9, code change from 21 December 2015 U06.9, code change from 21 December 2015
ICD/CIM-9	066.3 066.3
DiseasesDB	36480
MedlinePlus	007666
MeSH	D000071243

Matenda a Zika (omwe amadziwikanso kuti matenda a vairasi ya Zika) ndi matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi vairasi yotchedwa Zika.^[1]Nthawi zambiri kachirombo koyambitsa matendawa kakalowa m'thupi, munthuyo sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse, ndipo ngati angasonyeze, zizindikirozo sizikhala zodetsa nkhawa ndipo zingakhale zofanana ndi zipere za pakhungu.^[1][2]Zizindikiro zina zingakhale kuphwanya kwa thupi, ndi kufiira kwa maso, ndi mumfundo za mafupa ndiponso, zilonda za pakhungu.^[1][3][4] Nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zimenezi zimaoneka kwa masiku osapitirira 7.^[3] Padakalipano, palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti munthu winawake anafa tizilombo ta matendawa titangolowa kumene m'thupi.^[2] Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Zika tikalowa m'thupi timathanso kuyambitsa matenda otchedwa Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS).^[2]

Matenda a Zika amafalitsidwa kwambiri ndi udzudzu wotchedwa Aedes.^[3] Matendawa alinso m'gulu la matenda opatsirana pogonana chifukwa munthu yemwe ali nawo angapatsire mnzake amene akugonana naye, komanso njira ina imene matendawa amafalikira ndi kuikidwa magazi a munthu wina.^[5][3] Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tikalowa m'thupi la mayi wapakati, mayiyo amatha kupititsa padera kapenanso kubereka mwana wolumala.^[1][6] Madokotala akafuna kudziwa ngati munthu ali ndi tizilomboti m'thupi mwake, amafunika kumuyeza magazi, mkodzo kapenanso malovu, ndiponso amaunika RNA ya munthuyo.^[1][3]

Njira imodzi yopewera matendawa ndi kudziteteza kuti musalumidwe ndi udzudzu m'madera amene kuli matendawa, ndipo njira ina ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu moyenerera pogonana.^[3][5] Mungapewe kulumidwa ndi udzudzu ngati mumadzola mafuta othamangitsa udzudzu, kuvala zovala zimene zingakutetezeni kuti udzudzu usakulumeni, kugona muneti, ndi kukwirira maenje kapena zinthu zina zimene mungamaime madzi n'kumachititsa kuti udzudzu uziswanano.^[1] Padakalipano palibe katemera yemwe angathandize bwinobwino kupewa matendawa.^[3] Akuluakulu oona zaumoyo amalimbikitsa kuti azimayi a m'madera amene mwabuka mliri wa Zika mu 2015–16, apewe kutenga pakati ndipo azimayi amene ali ndi pakati, asamapite kumadera amene kwabuka mliri wa matendawa.^[3][7] Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala enieni ochiritsa matendawa, mankhwala a paracetamol (acetaminophen) amathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro zake.^[3] Ndipo sikawirikawiri kuti anthu amene ali ndi matendawa afike pogonekedwa m'chipatala.^[2]

Kachirombo komwe kamayambitsa matendawa kanatulukiridwa koyamba mu 1947.^[8] Ndipo nthawi yoyamba yodziwika bwino imene mliri wa matendawa unabuka ndi m'chaka cha 2007 ku Federated States of Micronesia.^[3] Pomafika mu January 2016, matendawa anali akupezeka m'madera 20 a ku North ndi South America.^[3] Matendawa akupezekanso ku Africa, Asia ndi kuzilumba zina za kunyanja ya Pacific.^[1] Chifukwa cha mliri wamatendawu womwe unabuku ku Brazil mu 2015, Bungwe Loona za Umoyo Padziko Lonse, mu February 2016 linanena kuti vutoli ndi Lokhudza Aliyense ndipo M'pofunika Kuti Mayiko Onse Agwirane Manja Kuti Tithane Nalo.^[9]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6} "Zika virus". World Health Organization. January 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3} "Factsheet for health professionals". Zika virus infection. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
3. ↑ ^{3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10} Chen, Lin H.; Hamer, Davidson H. (2016). "Zika Virus: Rapid Spread in the Western Hemisphere". Annals of Internal Medicine. doi:10.7326/M16-0150. ISSN 0003-4819.
4. ↑ Musso, D.; Nilles, E.J.; Cao-Lormeau, V.-M. (2014). "Rapid spread of emerging Zika virus in the Pacific area". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 20 (10): O595–6. doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12707. PMID 24909208.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} Oster, Alexandra M.; Russell, Kate; Stryker, Jo Ellen; Friedman, Allison; Kachur, Rachel E.; Petersen, Emily E.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Brooks, John T. (1 April 2016). "Update: Interim Guidance for Prevention of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus — United States, 2016". MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 65 (12): 323–325. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6512e3. PMID 27032078.
6. ↑ Chan, Jasper F.W.; Choi, Garnet K.Y.; Yip, Cyril C.Y.; et al. (2016). "Zika fever and congenital Zika syndrome: An unexpected emerging arboviral disease". Journal of Infection. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2016.02.011. ISSN 0163-4453. PMID 26940504.
7. ↑ "Brazil warns against pregnancy due to spreading virus". CNN. 24 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
8. ↑ Olson, Ken E.; Haddow, Andrew D.; Schuh, Amy J.; et al. (2012). "Genetic Characterization of Zika Virus Strains: Geographic Expansion of the Asian Lineage". PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 6 (2): e1477. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001477. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 3289602. PMID 22389730.
9. ↑ "WHO Director-General summarizes the outcome of the Emergency Committee regarding clusters of microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome". Media Centre. World Health Organization. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.