Human Target

The Human Target
The Human Target
	Christopher Chance, as he appeared on the cover of Human Target #6 (November 2021). Art by Greg Smallwood.
Publication information
Publisher	DC Comics
First appearance	(Fred Venable); Detective Comics #201 (November 1953); (Christopher Chance); Action Comics #419 (December 1972)
Created by	(Fred Venable); Edmond Hamilton; Sheldon Moldoff; (Christopher Chance); Len Wein; Carmine Infantino
In-story information
Alter ego	Fred Venable; Christopher Chance
Notable aliases	Numerous identities; Impersonates his clients to protect them
Abilities	Master impersonator; Exceptional athlete; Skilled detective, marksman, and martial artist;

The Human Target is the name of two fictional characters in American comic books published by DC Comics. The first is Fred Venable, while the second is private investigator and bodyguard Christopher Chance who assumes the identities of clients targeted by assassins and other dangerous criminals.^[1] Chance has appeared in numerous books published throughout the decades and has appeared in television adaptations.

Chance has appeared in two self-titled TV series in 1992 and 2010, portrayed by Rick Springfield and Mark Valley respectively, and made guest appearances in the Arrowverse TV series Arrow, portrayed by Wil Traval.

Publication history

The first character to use the "Human Target" title (Fred Venable) appeared in Detective Comics #201 (November 1953), and was created by Edmond Hamilton and Sheldon Moldoff.^[2]

The second character to use the "Human Target" title (Christopher Chance) first appeared in Action Comics #419 (December 1972) and was created by Len Wein and Carmine Infantino.^[3] Later, the feature appeared in Batman titles such as The Brave and the Bold and Detective Comics.^[4] He starred in a limited series, a one-shot, and then an ongoing series written by Peter Milligan and published under DC's Vertigo imprint. In 2021, Tom King and Greg Smallwood began a 12-issue limited series for DC's Black Label imprint.

Comic listing

Comic book appearances^[5]
Date	Issue	Title
1953 November	Detective Comics #201	"The Human Target"
1958 January	Gangbusters #61	"The Human Target"
1972 December	Action Comics #419	"The Assassin-Express Contract"
1973 January	Action Comics #420	"The King of the Jungle Contract"
1973 March	Action Comics #422	"The Shadows-of-Yesterday Contract"
1973 April	Action Comics #423	"The Deadly Dancer Contract"
1973 July	Action Comics #425	"The Short-Walk-to-Disaster Contract -- Clause 1: I Have a Cousin in the Business"
1973 August	Action Comics #426	"The Short-Walk-to-Disaster Contract -- Clause 2: The Shortest Distance Between Two Points"
1973 November	Action Comics #429	"The Rodeo Riddle Contract"
1974 February	Action Comics #432	"The Million Dollar Methuselah Contract"
1978 September–October	DC The Brave and the Bold #143	"The Cat and the Canary Contract"
1978 October–November	DC The Brave and the Bold #144	"The Symphony For The Devil Contract"
1979 April–May	Detective Comics #483	"The Lights! Camera! Murder! Contract"
1979 June–July	Detective Comics #484	"The Who Is Floyd Fenderman Anyway? Contract"
1979 October–November	Detective Comics #486	"The Devil and the Deep Blue Sea Contract"
1980 August	Detective Comics #493	"The 18-Wheel War Contract"
1981 March	Detective Comics #500	"The 'Too Many Crooks...' Caper"
1982 June	Detective Comics #515	"College for Killers"
1982 July	Batman #349	"Blood Sport"
1982 September	Batman #351	"What Stalks the Gotham Night?"
1982 September	Detective Comics #518	"The Millionaire Contract"
1982 October	Batman #352	"The Killer Sky"
1982 November	DC The Best of Blue Ribbon Digest #30	"The Assassin-Express Contract" (reprint)
1989 March	Action Comics #641	"The Pow! Wap! Zam! Contract"
1991 November	DC special (TV tie-in)	"The Human Target: The Mack Attack Contract"
1999 April	Vertigo Human Target (1999) #1	"Human Target, Part 1"
1999 May	Vertigo Human Target (1999) #2	"Human Target, Part 2"
1999 June	Vertigo Human Target (1999) #3	"Human Target, Part 3"
1999 July	Vertigo Human Target (1999) #4	"Human Target, Part 4"
2002 May	Vertigo Human Target (2002) OGN	"Final Cut"
2003 October	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #1	'"To Be Frank"
2003 November	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #2	"The Unshredded Man, Part 1: Ground Zero"
2003 December	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #3	"The Unshredded Man, Part 2: Ready to Die"
2004 January	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #4	"Take Me Out To The Ballgame, Part One: The Set-Up Man"
2004 February	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #5	"Take Me Out To The Ballgame, Part Two: The Strike Zone"
2004 March	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #6	"For I Have Sinned"
2004 April	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #7	"Which Way The Wind Blows, Part One: Living In Amerika"
2004 May	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #8	"Which Way The Wind Blows, Part Two: American Terrorists"
2004 June	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #9	"Which Way The Wind Blows, Part Three: Bringing It All Back Home"
2004 July	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #10	"Five Days Grace"
2004 August	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #11	"Games of Chance"
2004 September	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #12	"Crossing The Border, Part One: Suffer the Children"
2004 October	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #13	"Crossing The Border, Part Two: Hey, Jude"
2004 November	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #14	"The Second Coming, Part One: In the Name of the Father"
2004 December	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #15	"The Second Coming, Part Two: The Temptation of Christopher Chance"
2005 January	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #16	"The Second Coming, Conclusion: Pieces of Lead"
2005 February	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #17	"You Made Me Love You"
2005 March	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #18	"Letters From the Front Line"
2005 April	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #19	"The Stealer, Part One"
2005 May	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #20	"The Stealer, Part Two"
2005 June	Vertigo Human Target (2003) #21	"The Stealer, Part Three"
2010 June	Vertigo Human Target Special Edition #1	"Human Target, Part 1" (1999/reprint)
2010 April	DC Human Target (2010) #1 (TV tie-in)	"Human Target #1"
2010 May	DC Human Target (2010) #2 (TV tie-in)	"Human Target #2"
2010 June	DC Human Target (2010) #3 (TV tie-in)	"Human Target #3"
2010 July	DC Human Target (2010) #4 (TV tie-in)	"Human Target #4"
2010 August	DC Human Target (2010) #5 (TV tie-in)	"Human Target #5"
2010 September	DC Human Target (2010) #6 (TV tie-in)	"Human Target #6"
2021 November	Black Label Human Target (2021) #1	"When We Are Born"
2021 November	Black Label Human Target (2021) #2	"We Cry"
2021 December	Black Label Human Target (2021) #3	"That We Are Come"
2022 January	Black Label Human Target (2021) #4	"To This Great Stage of Fools!"
2022 February	Black Label Human Target (2021) #5	"This is a Good Block"
2022 March	Black Label Human Target (2021) #6	"It Were a Delicate Stratagem"
2022 August	Tales of the Human Target #1	"Oh, Here He Is"
2022 September	Black Label Human Target (2021) #7	"To Shoe a Troop of Horse with Felt"
2022 October	Black Label Human Target (2021) #8
2022 November	Black Label Human Target (2021) #9	"And When I Have Stol'n Upon These Sons-In-Law"
2023 January	Black Label Human Target (2021) #10	"Then Kill"
2023 January	Black Label Human Target (2021) #11	"Kill Kill Kill Kill"
2023 February	Black Label Human Target (2021) #12	"Kill"

Vertigo

Writer Peter Milligan and Edvin Biukovic revived Christopher Chance in 1999, moving the character to DC Comics' Vertigo imprint for a four-issue limited series. The mini-series was followed by the graphic novel Human Target: Final Cut, as well as a series lasting 21 issues until its cancellation in 2005.

Reception

The Human Target story "The Unshredded Man" was analyzed as an example of depictions of the September 11 attacks in American popular culture.^[6]

In other media

The Christopher Chance incarnation of the Human Target appears in a self-titled series (1992),^[7] portrayed by Rick Springfield. This version is a Vietnam War veteran in addition to being a private investigator and bodyguard who charges ten percent of a client's annual income to take their place. Additionally, he is assisted by eccentric computer genius Philo Marsden, who designs high-tech masks for Chance to use in conjunction with sophisticated makeup; Jeff Carlyle, the chauffeur, cook, and pilot for Chance's mobile base of operations, the Blackwing; and Lilly Page, an ex-CIA agent who helps coordinate Chance's missions.
- Chance appears in the tie-in one-shot The Human Target Special #1.
The Christopher Chance incarnation of the Human Target appears in a self-titled series (2010),^[8]^[9]^[10] portrayed by Mark Valley. This version is a former assassin who utilizes nondescript cover identities that put him close to his clients rather than assuming their identity himself and is the fifth individual to assume the name "Christopher Chance"; having inherited it from an unnamed guardian (portrayed by Lee Majors).^[11] Additionally, he is assisted by former police officer Winston, independent contractor Guerrero, financier Ilsa Pucci, and retired cat burglar Ames.
- Chance appears in a tie-in comic miniseries, written by Len Wein and art by Bruno Redondo.
The Christopher Chance incarnation of the Human Target appears in Arrow,^[12] portrayed by Wil Traval. This version is an old friend of John Diggle.^[13]

References

^ McAvennie, Michael; Dolan, Hannah, ed. (2010). "1970s". DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. Dorling Kindersley. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-7566-6742-9. Starting as a back-up feature in the pages of Action Comics, scribe Len Wein and artist Carmine Infantino introduced Christopher Chance, a master of disguise who would turn himself into a human target - provided you could meet his price. {{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Detective Comics Vol 1 #201". Human Target Online. humantargetonline.com. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
^ Cowsill, Alan; Irvine, Alex; Korte, Steve; Manning, Matt; Wiacek, Win; Wilson, Sven (2016). The DC Comics Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Characters of the DC Universe. DK Publishing. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-4654-5357-0.
^ Greenberger, Robert (2008). The Essential Batman Encyclopedia. Del Rey. p. 183. ISBN 9780345501066.
^ humantargetonline.com
^ Paul, J. (2007). Ashes in the Gutter: 9/11 and the Serialization of Memory in DC Comics' Human Target. American Periodicals, 17(2), 208-227. Retrieved August 31, 2020, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20770986
^ ABC Series. "Humantargetonline: About: ABC Series". humantargetonline.com. Archived from the original on 2010-06-24. Retrieved 2010-06-17.
^ Goldman, Eric (2009-04-22). "IGN: Flash Forward, Human Target Among Hot Pilots". Tv.ign.com. Retrieved 2010-06-17.
^ "Fox press release reveals official synopsis of Human Target". Humantargetonline.com. 2009-05-21. Archived from the original on 2012-07-14. Retrieved 2010-06-17.
^ "Human Target Television Series Pilot". Target419. Retrieved 2010-06-17.
^ "TV Networks 'Upfront' About Their 2009-10 'Genre' Plans". Newsarama.com. 2009-05-22. Retrieved 2010-06-17.
^ Ausiello, Michael (August 18, 2016). "Arrow Takes Aim at Jessica Jones Cop Wil Traval for Human Target Role". TV Line. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016. Retrieved August 18, 2016.
^ Francisco, Eric (May 4, 2018). "'Arrow' Has a Rare Comics Easter Egg in Tommy's Return Episode". Inverse.

External links

Christopher Chance at the Comic Book DB (archived from the original)
Human Target at IMDb (1992 television adaptation)
Human Target at IMDb (2010 television adaptation)
Chance's publication history at "Thrilling Detective"
HumanTarget at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on February 5, 2016.

[1] McAvennie, Michael; Dolan, Hannah, ed. (2010). "1970s". DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. Dorling Kindersley. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-7566-6742-9. Starting as a back-up feature in the pages of Action Comics, scribe Len Wein and artist Carmine Infantino introduced Christopher Chance, a master of disguise who would turn himself into a human target - provided you could meet his price. {{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[2] "Detective Comics Vol 1 #201". Human Target Online. humantargetonline.com. Retrieved 2011-06-21.

[Guide-3] Cowsill, Alan; Irvine, Alex; Korte, Steve; Manning, Matt; Wiacek, Win; Wilson, Sven (2016). The DC Comics Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Characters of the DC Universe. DK Publishing. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-4654-5357-0.

[4] Greenberger, Robert (2008). The Essential Batman Encyclopedia. Del Rey. p. 183. ISBN 9780345501066.

[5] umantargetonline.com

[6] Paul, J. (2007). Ashes in the Gutter: 9/11 and the Serialization of Memory in DC Comics' Human Target. American Periodicals, 17(2), 208-227. Retrieved August 31, 2020, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20770986

[7] ABC Series. "Humantargetonline: About: ABC Series". humantargetonline.com. Archived from the original on 2010-06-24. Retrieved 2010-06-17.

[8] Goldman, Eric (2009-04-22). "IGN: Flash Forward, Human Target Among Hot Pilots". Tv.ign.com. Retrieved 2010-06-17.

[9] "Fox press release reveals official synopsis of Human Target". Humantargetonline.com. 2009-05-21. Archived from the original on 2012-07-14. Retrieved 2010-06-17.

[10] "Human Target Television Series Pilot". Target419. Retrieved 2010-06-17.

[11] "TV Networks 'Upfront' About Their 2009-10 'Genre' Plans". Newsarama.com. 2009-05-22. Retrieved 2010-06-17.

[12] Ausiello, Michael (August 18, 2016). "Arrow Takes Aim at Jessica Jones Cop Wil Traval for Human Target Role". TV Line. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016. Retrieved August 18, 2016.

[13] Francisco, Eric (May 4, 2018). "'Arrow' Has a Rare Comics Easter Egg in Tommy's Return Episode". Inverse.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]