Eriophorum latifolium var. viridicarinatum Engelm.
Eriophorum viridicarinatum is a species of sedge known by the common names thinleaf cottonsedge, green-keeled cottongrass, and bog cottongrass. It is native to Canada and the United States.
Description
Eriophorum viridicarinatum is a perennial sedge that forms tufts of stiff, erect stems, sometimes just a single stem, and basal leaves up to 30 centimeters long. It grows from a rhizome. The inflorescence is accompanied by two to four leaflike bracts each a few centimeters long. There are up to 30 spikelets, increasing in size as the fruit develops, reaching 3 centimeters in length. Each flower has a tuft of white or brown bristles that are long and cottony, measuring up to 2.5 centimeters long.[4][5]
Taxonomy
Eriophorum viridicarinatum was first described as the varietyEriophorum latifolium var. viridicarinatum by the German-American botanist Georg Engelmann in 1844.[6] Engelmann's description was based on specimens collected in Massachusetts and Ohio.[7] (The name published by Engelmann was hyphenated, as in viridi-carinatum, but the orthographical variantviridicarinatum is now widely used instead.) The American botanist Merritt Lyndon Fernald raised the variety to species rank in 1905.[8] As of September 2024[update], Eriophorum viridicarinatum(Engelm.) Fernald is a widely accepted name.[3][9][10][11]
Distribution and habitat
Eriophorum viridicarinatum is native to northern North America, where it occurs in Alaska and throughout much of Canada, its range extending into the northern contiguous United States.[3][11][12] It is widespread in eastern Canada, with spotty distribution in western Canada and Alaska.[1] In the United States, it is most common in western Montana, the Great Lakes region, and New England.[13]
Eriophorum viridicarinatum is an obligate wetland (OBL) species.[14][15]
Throughout its range, it occurs in marshes, wet meadows, bogs, fens, and wet woodlands, at altitudes up to 6,600 feet (2,000 m).[5] In the Pacific Northwest, British Columbia, Montana, and Wyoming, it typically occurs in montane and alpine zones.[4] In New England, it prefers fens and high-pH meadows.[16][17] It is a strict calciphile in Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Vermont,[18][19] but its habitat broadens further north into Canada.[20]
^ abInnes, Robin J. (2013). "Eriophorum viridicarinatum". Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
^"Eriophorum viridicarinatum". State-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
^"Eriophorum viridicarinatum". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
^Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S. (February 2011). "Eriophorum viridicarinatum(Engelm.) Fernald". Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
Gilman, Arthur V. (2015). New Flora of Vermont. Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden, Volume 110. Bronx, New York, USA: The New York Botanical Garden Press. ISBN978-0-89327-516-7.
McPherson, J. I. (2013). "Conservation Assessment of Calcareous Ecosystems"(PDF). Pittsburgh, PA: Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program at Western Pennsylvania Conservancy. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
"Eriophorum viridicarinatum". Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. The University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
Weakley, Alan S.; Southeastern Flora Team (2024). "Eriophorum viridicarinatum(Engelmann) Fernald". Flora of the southeastern United States. University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
