Nefrin

Nefrin adalah glikoprotein transmembran dari golongan imunoglobulin hasil ekspresi genetik NPHS1 oleh podosit,[1] yang merupakan komponen struktural pada diafragma yang terdapat pada tiap celah di antara struktur deret podosit.[2] Nefrin juga berfungsi sebagai molekul adhesi antara protein seperti podosin, CD2AP, FAT-1, Neph-1,[3] dengan membran podosit.

Dari percobaan dengan menggunakan hewan tikus, diketahui bahwa ekspresi nefrin pada podosit akan menghambat lintasan faktor transkripsi NF-κB,[4] sehingga defisiensi nefrin akan mengaktifkan lintasan tersebut dan berakibat menjadi glomerulosklerosis, proteinuria, dan edema.[5]

Ekspresi nefrin juga terdapat pada membran plasma, vesikel insulin, sel beta dan sel MIN-6, dan dapat diinduksi dengan senyawa organik Doksisiklina.[6] Kenaikan konsentrasi gula darah akan meningkatkan ekspresi nefrin pada sel beta dan sel MIN-6 sebelum terjadi sekresi insulin, serta menginduksi endositosis nefrin pada podosit. Ekspresi nefrin menurun pada diabetes tipe 2 dan nefropati.[7]

Rujukan

  1. ^ (Inggris) "Expression of nephrin in acquired human glomerular disease". Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Huh W, Kim DJ, Kim MK, Kim YG, Oh HY, Ruotsalainen V, Tryggvason K. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-07. 
  2. ^ (Inggris) "Nck Proteins Maintain the Adult Glomerular Filtration Barrier". Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Epitomics, Inc, Burlingame, Division of Nephrology, St. Michael's Hospital; Nina Jones, Laura A. New, Megan A. Fortino, Vera Eremina, Julie Ruston, Ivan M. Blasutig, Lamine Aoudjit, Youling Zou, Xiuwen Liu, Guo-Liang Yu, Tomoko Takano, Susan E. Quaggin, dan Tony Pawson. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-07. 
  3. ^ (Inggris) "Phosphorylation of Nephrin Triggers Ca2+ Signaling by Recruitment and Activation of Phospholipase C-γ1". Division of Cellular Proteomics (BML) and Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Department of Anatomy, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University; Yutaka Harita, Hidetake Kurihara, Hidetaka Kosako, Tohru Tezuka, Takashi Sekine, Takashi Igarashi, Ikuroh Ohsawa, Shigeo Ohta, dan Seisuke Hattori. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-08. 
  4. ^ (Inggris) "Nephrin Deficiency Activates NF-κB and Promotes Glomerular Injury". Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Child Health, Academic Renal Unit, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genome Science, Genome Research Institute, University of Cincinnati; Sagair Hussain, Leile Romio, Moin Saleem, Peter Mathieson, Manuel Serrano, Jorge Moscat, Maria Diaz-Meco, Peter Scambler, dan Ania Koziell. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-07. 
  5. ^ (Inggris) "The murine nephrin gene is specifically expressed in kidney, brain and pancreas: inactivation of the gene leads to massive proteinuria and neonatal death". Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet; Putaala H, Soininen R, Kilpeläinen P, Wartiovaara J, Tryggvason K. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-07. 
  6. ^ (Inggris) "Inducible Nephrin Transgene Expression in Podocytes Rescues Nephrin-Deficient Mice from Perinatal Death". Haartman Institute, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences, Dublin City University, Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Haartman Institute, Department of Pathology and Experimental Animal Centre, University of Helsinki, Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University Vienna; Juuso Juhila, Markus Lassila, Ramon Roozendaal, Eero Lehtonen, Marcel Messing, Brigitte Langer, Dontscho Kerjaschki, J. Sjef Verbeek, dan Harry Holthofer. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-08. 
  7. ^ (Inggris) "Nephrin Is Expressed on the Surface of Insulin Vesicles and Facilitates Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Release". Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami L. Miller School of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension–Miami Institute of Renal Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Miami L. Miller School of Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Università degli Studi di Pavia, The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cell Matrix Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University; Alessia Fornoni, Jongmin Jeon, Javier Varona Santos, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Alexandra Jauregui, Luca Inverardi, Slavena A. Mandic, Christina Bark, Kevin Johnson, George McNamara, Antonello Pileggi, R. Damaris Molano, Jochen Reiser, Karl Tryggvason, Dontscho Kerjaschki, Per-Olof Berggren, Peter Mundel, dan Camillo Ricordi. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-08. 


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