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The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity...

considered for merging. › The Byzantines or East Romans (Ancient Greek: Ῥωμαῖοι, romanized: Rōmaîoi) were the Byzantine Empire's main inhabitants. They...

Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire, or Eastern Roman Empire, usually dated from AD 330, when Constantine the Great established...

disagreement. A Byzantine fault is also known as a Byzantine generals problem, a Byzantine agreement problem, or a Byzantine failure. Byzantine fault tolerance...

Byzantine Church or Byzantine church may refer to: Historically, the State church of the Roman Empire particularly, Eastern Orthodox Church in the Byzantine...

Byzantine art comprises the body of artistic products of the Eastern Roman Empire, as well as the nations and states that inherited culturally from the...

foundation of Constantinople in 330 AD marks the conventional start of the Byzantine Empire, which fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 AD. Only the emperors...

The Byzantine army was the primary military body of the Byzantine armed forces, serving alongside the Byzantine navy. A direct continuation of the Eastern...

the 15th century. Byzantine may also refer to: Byzantines Byzantine architecture Byzantine Revival architecture, a.k.a. Neo-Byzantine architecture, an...

to the southeast. Constantinople served as the capital of the Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires between its consecration in 330 and the formal...

The Arab–Byzantine wars or Muslim–Byzantine wars were a series of wars from the 7th to 11th centuries between the successive Islamic caliphates and the...

For most of its history, the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire did not use heraldry in the Western European sense of permanent motifs transmitted through...

The Byzantine Papacy was a period of Byzantine domination of the Roman Papacy from 537 to 752, when popes required the approval of the Byzantine Emperor...

Byzantine Macedonia may refer to: Diocese of Macedonia, a diocese of the Eastern Roman Empire Byzantine period in the history of medieval Macedonia (region)...

Byzantine literature is the Greek literature of the Middle Ages, whether written in the Byzantine Empire or outside its borders. It was marked by a linguistic...

Byzantine Museum may refer to: Byzantine and Christian Museum, Athens, Greece Museum of Byzantine Culture, Thessaloniki, Greece Byzantine Museum of Antivouniotissa...

of these survive. Widespread destruction of images occurred during the Byzantine Iconoclasm of 726–842, although this did settle permanently the question...

Byzantine silk is silk woven in the Byzantine Empire (Byzantium) from about the fourth century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. The Byzantine...

Constantinople, was the capture of Constantinople, the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, by the Ottoman Empire. The city was captured on 29 May 1453 as...

Empire, which also became known by the former name of the city as the Byzantine Empire. Byzantium was colonized by Greeks from Megara in the 7th century...

the Roman Republic and the Parthian Empire in 54 BC and ending with the Byzantine and the Sasanian empires in 628 AD. While the conflict between the two...

The Byzantine Iconoclasm (Ancient Greek: Εἰκονομαχία, romanized: Eikonomachía, lit. 'image struggle', 'war on icons') are two periods in the history of...

The Byzantine–Ottoman wars were a series of decisive conflicts between the Byzantine Greeks and Ottoman Turks and their allies that led to the final destruction...

Republic and the Roman and Byzantine Empires. To read about the background of these events, see Ancient Rome and History of the Byzantine Empire. Events and persons...

Byzantine law was essentially a continuation of Roman law with increased Orthodox Christian and Hellenistic influence. Most sources define Byzantine law...

The Byzantine–Seljuk wars were a series of conflicts in the Middle Ages between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk Empire. They shifted the balance of...

refer to the Roman and Byzantine emperors. In the Middle East, the Persians and the Arabs continued to refer to the Roman and Byzantine emperors as "Caesar"...

The Byzantine navy was the naval force of the Byzantine Empire. Like the state it served, it was a direct continuation from its Roman predecessor, but...

Byzantine dress changed considerably over the thousand years of the Empire, but was essentially conservative. The Byzantines liked colour and pattern,...

Byzantine Armenia, sometimes known as Western Armenia, is the name given to the parts of Kingdom of Armenia that became part of the Byzantine Empire....

θέμα, théma) were the main military and administrative divisions of the Byzantine Empire. They were established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath...

became an integral part of the Roman Empire and its continuation, the Byzantine Empire, where Greek culture and language were dominant. The Greek Orthodox...

The Byzantine Rite, also known as the Rite of Constantinople, is a liturgical rite that is identified with the wide range of cultural, devotional, and...

Neo-Byzantine architecture (also referred to as Byzantine Revival) was a revival movement, most frequently seen in religious, institutional and public...

Byzantine Palestine or Palaestina refers to the geographic, political, and cultural landscape of Palestine during the period of Byzantine rule (early...

The Byzantine economy was among the most robust economies in the Mediterranean and the world for many centuries. Constantinople was a prime hub in a trading...

Byzantine music (Greek: Βυζαντινή μουσική, romanized: Vyzantini mousiki) originally consisted of the songs and hymns composed for the courtly and religious...

Byzantine is an American progressive groove/thrash metal band from Charleston, West Virginia, that was formed in 2000. As of June 2025, the band consists...

Byzantine Syrmia may refer to: Pannonia (Byzantine province) (567-582), first rule of the Byzantine Empire in the region of Syrmia Sirmium (theme), second...

Italo-Byzantine is a style term in art history, mostly used for medieval paintings produced in Italy under heavy influence from Byzantine art. It initially...

Greek fire was an incendiary weapon used by the Byzantine Empire from the seventh to the fourteenth centuries. The recipe for Greek fire was a closely-guarded...

and the Byzantine Empire: Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (907) Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (911), supplementary agreement to the one of 907 Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (945)...

Byzantine rule in North Africa spanned around 175 years. It began in the years 533/534 with the reconquest of territory formerly belonging to the Western...

Byzantine studies is an interdisciplinary branch of the humanities that addresses the history, culture, demography, dress, religion/theology, art, literature/epigraphy...

led by Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans, and secured Byzantine recognition and their right to settle south of the Danube by defeating – possibly...

Byzantine currency, money used in the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the West, consisted of mainly two types of coins: gold solidi and hyperpyra...

Scientific scholarship during the Byzantine Empire played an important role in the transmission of classical knowledge to the Islamic world and to Renaissance...

conquest of Egypt as originally planned. This led to the partition of the Byzantine Empire by the Crusaders and their Venetian allies, leading to a period...

Byzantine–Venetian treaty may refer to: Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1082 Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1265 Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1268 Byzantine–Venetian...

Byzantine Italy consisted of various parts of the Italian peninsula that were under the control of the Byzantine Empire after the Gothic War (535–554)...

Byzantine Musical Symbols is a Unicode block containing characters for representing Byzantine music in ekphonetic notation. The following Unicode-related...

The Byzantine lyra or lira (Greek: λύρα) was a medieval bowed string musical instrument in the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire. In its popular form, the...

Byzantine Anatolia or Byzantine Asia Minor refers to the peninsula of Anatolia (located in present-day Turkey) during the rule of the Byzantine Empire...

The Byzantine–Bulgarian wars were a series of conflicts fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Bulgarian Empire which began after the Bulgars conquered...

The Gothic War between the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) during the reign of Emperor Justinian I and the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy took place...

by long tradition, the Byzantine Rite. They are still called "Greek-Catholic" to highlight the "Greek" rite (as the Byzantine rite was called in the past...

on earth and of his kingdom as an imitation of God's holy realm. The Byzantine Empire was a multi-ethnic monarchic theocracy adopting, following, and...

Medieval Greek (also known as Middle Greek, Byzantine Greek, or Romaic; Greek: Ῥωμαϊκή) is the stage of the Greek language between the end of classical...

Byzantine mosaics are mosaics produced from the 4th to 15th centuries in and under the influence of the Byzantine Empire. Mosaics were some of the most...

Roman period. The Byzantine period saw the height and eventual decline of Greek influence throughout the peninsula as the Byzantine–Seljuk wars enabled...

seize the city of Salona, controlled by the Byzantine Empire. In 535 AD, Salona was captured by Byzantine forces for its strategic position for supply...

Byzantine university refers to higher education during the Byzantine Empire. Although some Byzantine institutions are occasionally referred to as "universities"...

The subdivisions of the Byzantine Empire were administrative units of the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire (330–1453). The Empire had a developed administrative...

list of Byzantine families, including the aristocracy of the Byzantine Empire from the 6th- to 15th century. With the rapid expansion of Byzantine economy...

to: Byzantine–Bulgarian wars, wars between Byzantines and Bulgarians Byzantine–Serbian wars, wars between Byzantines and Serbians Rus'–Byzantine War (disambiguation)...

Byzantine cuisine was the continuation of local ancient Greek cuisine, ancient Roman cuisine, and Mediterranean cuisine. Byzantine trading with foreigners...

Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church, also known in the United States as the Byzantine Catholic Church, is a sui iuris (autonomous) Eastern Catholic particular...

Europe was due to the skill and resourcefulness of the diplomacy of the Byzantine Empire, which remains one of Byzantium's lasting contributions to the...

The Byzantine Empire experienced cycles of growth and decay over the course of nearly a thousand years, including major losses during the early Muslim...

Since its fall, the issue of succession to the Byzantine Empire has been a major point of contention both geopolitically, with different states laying...

Byzantine romance represents a revival of the ancient Greek romance of Roman times. Works in this category were written by Byzantine Greeks of the Eastern...

The Byzantine Discalced Carmelites are communities of Discalced Carmelites that operate in several Eastern Catholic Churches, namely the Bulgarian Byzantine...

The Byzantine–Lombard wars were a protracted series of conflicts which occurred from AD 568 to 750 between the Byzantine Empire and a Germanic tribe known...

Byzantine Dream (Japanese: ビザンチンドリーム, foaled January 28, 2021) is an active Japanese thoroughbred racehorse. His major wins include the 2024 Kisaragi...

A Byzantine chain is a metal intricate design used in jewelry that incorporates a rope-like texture and organic textural design. The chains are supple...

term Byzantine commonwealth was coined by 20th-century historian Dimitri Obolensky to refer to the area where Byzantine general influence (Byzantine liturgical...

first to employ a fully pendentive dome. It is considered the epitome of Byzantine architecture and is said to have "changed the history of architecture"...

In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—once part of the Byzantine Empire—came under the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate, an Islamic empire...

Julian Byzantine is a British classical guitarist who has performed all over the world at venues such as Carnegie Hall, Royal Festival Hall, Queen Elizabeth...

monastic traditions, which date back to at least the 9th century during the Byzantine era. Because of its long history of religious importance, the well-preserved...

The Byzantine age in Sardinian history conventionally begins with the island's reconquest by Justinian I in 534. This ended the Vandal dominion of the...

from the Byzantine Empire. It existed from 1204 C.E until its disestablishment in 1261 C.E. The Latin Empire was intended to replace the Byzantine Empire...

conquests and the formation of the Rashidun Caliphate. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Empire became a militarized and Christianized society. Late antiquity...

surname Sarantapechaena (Greek: Σαρανταπήχαινα, Sarantapḗchaina), was Byzantine empress consort to Emperor Leo IV from 775 to 780, regent during the childhood...

The Byzantine-Georgian wars (Georgian: ბიზანტია-საქართველოს ომები, romanized: bizant'ia-sakartvelos omebi) were a series of conflicts fought during the...

decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted...

Byzantine Greece has a history that mainly coincides with that of the Byzantine Empire itself. At the time that the Western and Eastern Roman Empire split...

Latin: factiones) were chariot racing factions in the Roman and later Byzantine Empires, which over time developed into social and political factions...

the Byzantine Empire in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, fought between the Latin Empire established by the Crusaders, various Byzantine successor...

The Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, also called the Last Great War of Antiquity, was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire. It...

The island of Crete came under the rule of the Byzantine Empire in two periods: the first extends from the late antique period (3rd century) to the conquest...

frequent wars with the Byzantines, the climactic Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, which included the siege of the Byzantine capital Constantinople,...

into a restored Byzantine Empire. His reign saw considerable recovery of Byzantine power, including the enlargement of the Byzantine army and navy. It...

the time of the second period of Byzantine rule (961–1204). In order to deter another Arab invasion, the Byzantines strongly fortified the city, reusing...

its historical status as the "co-reigning" city (Symvasilévousa) of the Byzantine Empire alongside Constantinople. Thessaloniki is located on the Thermaic...

history of the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. The definition of a treaty is any agreement between the Byzantine Empire and any foreign power, including...

Byzantine fault tolerant protocols are algorithms that are robust to arbitrary types of failures in distributed algorithms. The Byzantine agreement protocol...

Byzantine Foothold is the unclassified code name related to a United States Department of Defense effort within the larger Cyber Initiative framework...

The Byzantine–Norman wars were a series of military conflicts between the Normans and the Byzantine Empire fought from c. 1040 to 1186 involving the Norman-led...

feminine form Phokaina or Phocaena (Φώκαινα, Phṓkaina), was the name of a Byzantine aristocratic clan from Cappadocia, which in the 9th and 10th centuries...

large-scale Byzantine offensive led by Emperor Romanos III. Commanding a much smaller force of Bedouin horsemen, Nasr routed the Byzantines at the Battle...

Byzantine glass objects resembled their earlier Hellenistic counterparts, during the fourth and early fifth centuries CE in both form and function. Over...

Byzantine: The Betrayal is a video game, released September 30, 1997 for Microsoft Windows. The game consists of a series of 360º screens ala Zork Nemesis...

Dragásēs Palaiológos; 8 February 1404 – 29 May 1453) was the last reigning Byzantine emperor from 23 January 1449 until his death in battle at the fall of...

The city of Byzantium in the Byzantine Empire occupies an important place in the history of garden design between eras and cultures (c. 4th century –...

Μακεδονική Δυναστεία) ruled the Byzantine Empire from 867 to 1056, following the Amorian dynasty. During this period, the Byzantine state reached its greatest...

The Byzantine Church at Petra (also known as The Petra Church) is a prime example of monumental architecture in Byzantine Petra. It sits on elevated ground...

largest of the three Greek rump states founded by the aristocracy of the Byzantine Empire that fled when Constantinople was occupied by Western European...

The Byzantine corridor was a narrow strip of territory in central Italy under the control of the Byzantine Empire during the early Middle Ages. It linked...

Byzantine time is the final Greek Anno Mundi method of keeping time that originated in the Byzantine Empire. It is now rarely used save for in Eastern...

In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian...

In the 9th century, during the Arab–Byzantine wars, the Byzantine Empire used a semaphore system of beacons to transmit messages from the border with...

Constantinian; Ancient Greek: Κωνσταντινιανός, Kōnstantinianós) was a Byzantine military commander during the reign of Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565)...

stephánosis) was the main symbolic act of accession to the throne of a Byzantine emperor, co-emperor, or empress. Founded on Roman traditions of election...

اليرموك) was a major battle between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate near the Yarmouk River in Byzantine Syria that marked a crucial point in...

Byzantine dance developed during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, was centered in the capital city of Byzantium, later renamed Constantinople...

Άλέξανδρος, romanized: Aléxandros, 23 November 870 – 6 June 913) was briefly Byzantine emperor from 912 to 913, and the third emperor of the Macedonian dynasty...

Silver was important in Byzantine art and society more broadly as it was the most precious metal right after gold. Byzantine silver was prized in official...

The Byzantine calendar, also called the Roman calendar, the Creation Era of Constantinople or the Era of the World, was the calendar used by the Eastern...

Isauros; c. 685 – 18 June 741), also known as the Syrian, was the first Byzantine emperor of the Isaurian dynasty from 717 until his death in 741. He put...

of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of...

The Byzantine priority theory is a theory within Christian textual criticism held by a minority of textual critics. This view sees the Byzantine text-type...

romanized: Manouḗl Komnēnós; 28 November 1118 – 24 September 1180) was a Byzantine emperor of the 12th century who reigned over a crucial turning point in...

Ἀθάνατοι, Athanatoi) were one of the elite tagmata military units of the Byzantine Empire, first raised during the late 10th century. The name derives from...

Empire in the east and the Byzantine Empire in the west; Muslim armies overran the Sasanians and confined the Byzantines, who were left with part of...

Armed conflicts between the Byzantine Empire and Kievan Rus' include:    Rus' victory    Byzantine victory    Another result Byzantino-Slavic wars (disambiguation)...

indirectly associated with its use by the Palaiologos dynasty of the Byzantine Empire, a use possibly derived from the Roman Imperial Aquila. High medieval...

well as the principalities of Polotsk and Turov. They also formed the Byzantine Varangian Guard. According to the 12th-century Primary Chronicle, a group...

template Infobox religion is being considered for merging. › The Greek Byzantine Catholic Church (Greek: Ελληνόρρυθμη Καθολική Εκκλησία, Ellinórrythmi...

glass-working tradition practiced in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 12th century AD. The Byzantines perfected an intricate form of vitreous enameling...

important of many military treatises on military science produced in the Byzantine Empire. The Eastern Roman Empire was, for much of its history, one of...

Byzantine philosophy refers to the distinctive philosophical ideas of the philosophers and scholars of the Byzantine Empire, especially between the 8th...

found in English-language literature as Palaeologus or Palaeologue, was a Byzantine Greek noble family that rose to power and produced the last and longest-ruling...

The Byzantine Empire under the Macedonian dynasty underwent a revival during the late 9th, 10th, and early 11th centuries. Under the Macedonian emperors...

The Treaty of 1282 was an agreement between Empire of Trebizond and the Byzantine Empire. It was signed by emperors John II of Trebizond and Michael VIII...

the centuries that followed as the "Byzantine Empire", governed by the Byzantine emperors. Given that "Byzantine" is a later historiographical designation...

(Ancient Greek: Μελέτης, Melétēs) was ruled by the Byzantine Empire, from the time of the Byzantine conquest of Sicily in 535–6 to 869–870, when the islands...

Look up Byzantines in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The Byzantines were Roman people during the Byzantine period, when political control was administered...

Byzantine blue is a color ranging from light celestial blue or lazuli to dark Egyptian blue. The dark variation is best described as the color of the...

Byzantine rhetoric refers to rhetorical theorizing and production during the time of the Byzantine Empire. Byzantine rhetoric is significant in part because...

against the Byzantines, yet allied with the Byzantines against the Rus' at other times. After the Rus' attack on Constantinople in 860, the Byzantine Patriarch...

This is a list of Byzantine inventions. The Byzantine or Eastern Roman Empire represented the continuation of the Roman Empire after a part of it collapsed...

Church and American Orthodox Catholic Church. Byzantine art Byzantine literature Byzantine dress Byzantine music Chalcedonian Christianity Ecclesiastical...

The following is a list of battles fought by the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire, from the 6th century AD until its dissolution in the mid-15th century...

The Byzantine senate or Eastern Roman senate (Greek: Σύγκλητος, Synklētos, or Γερουσία, Gerousia) was a continuation of the Roman Senate, established...

civil law in many modern states. His reign also marked a blossoming of Byzantine culture, and his building program yielded works such as the Hagia Sophia...

conquest and mainly rested on possession of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire for over a millennium. The sultans could also claim...

Initially directed against Egypt, the Fourth Crusade was diverted to the Byzantine Empire, culminating in the Sack of Constantinople and the establishment...

Byzantine medicine encompasses the common medical practices of the Byzantine Empire from c. 400 AD to 1453 AD. Byzantine medicine was notable for building...

(Greek: Κοῦρσος), Qwrys, Crous or Crus (Greek: Κρους), was an East Roman (Byzantine) general of the 6th century. Cours is recorded as being a "Scythian",...

The Hellenic Institute of Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Studies in Venice (Italian: Istituto Ellenico di Studi Bizantini e Postbizantini di Venezia, Greek:...

Byzantine is the fourth studio album by American heavy metal band Byzantine. The album was partially crowdfunded through Kickstarter and was released...

The Byzantine–Serbian wars were a series of wars between the Byzantine Empire and the medieval Serbian states. Starting with the Sclaveni and Antae migrations...

The Byzantine–Moorish wars were a series of wars fought between the Byzantine Empire and the various Berber kingdoms that formed after the collapse of...

A Byzantine-Mongol Alliance occurred during the end of the 13th and the beginning of the 14th century between the Byzantine Empire and the Mongol Empire...

Renaissance in Byzantine art style. The period in which the art was produced, the Macedonian Renaissance, followed the end of the Byzantine iconoclasm era...

majority of these areas were under Byzantine rule and he won his first battle at Pelekanon against the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos....

the history of the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire (395–1453). For internal conflicts see the list of Byzantine revolts and civil wars. For conflicts...

Hellenisation in the Byzantine Empire describes the spread and intensification of ancient Greek culture, religion and language in the Roman Empire and...

The Byzantine army evolved from that of the late Roman period taking as leading models and shaping itself on the late Hellenistic armies, but it became...

or Byzantine Empire, from the start of the reign of Arcadius in 395 to the fall of Constantinople in 1453. The following is a listing of Byzantine emperors...

The situation of women in the Byzantine Empire is a subject of scientific research that encompasses all available information about women, their environments...

church, the orthodox church, the imperial church, the Roman church, or the Byzantine church, with some also used for wider communions extending beyond the...

The Byzantine Empire was ruled by emperors of the Palaiologos dynasty in the period between 1261 and 1453, from the restoration of Byzantine rule to Constantinople...

The Battle of Manzikert or Malazgirt was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk Empire on 26 August 1071 near Manzikert, Iberia (modern Malazgirt...

The Rus'–Byzantine Treaty, between the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII and Igor I of Kiev, was concluded either in 944 or 945. It was a result of the...

The Byzantine Bath of the Upper City (Greek: Βυζαντινά Λουτρά Άνω Πόλης, Vyzantiná Loutrá Áno Pólis) in Thessaloniki is one of the few and best preserved...

During the Byzantine period, in the years between Constantine the Great's rise to power (324 AD) and its conquest by the Rashidun Caliphate in 637, Jerusalem...

The Byzantine conquest of Cilicia was a series of conflicts and engagements between the forces of the Byzantine Empire under Nikephoros II Phokas and...

The Avar–Byzantine wars were a series of conflicts between the Byzantine Empire and the Avar Khaganate. The conflicts were initiated in 568, after the...

Byzantine Dark Ages is a historiographical term for the period in the history of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, from around c. 630 to the 760s...

Διoγένης, romanized: Diogenēs), was a Cappadocian Greek noble family of the Byzantine military aristocracy that provided several prominent generals and three...

The population of the Byzantine Empire encompassed all ethnic and tribal groups living there, mainly Byzantine Greeks, but also Albanians, Armenians, Assyrians...

emperors Byzantine Empire portal Family tree of Roman emperors List of Roman emperors List of Byzantine emperors History of the Byzantine Empire Byzantine Empire...

coins re-used Byzantine and Sasanian iconography directly but added new Islamic elements. So-called "Arab-Byzantine" coins replicated Byzantine coins and...

The Byzantine–Bulgarian Treaty of 927 was peace treaty between Bulgarian Empire and Byzantine Empire of 927 was a significant agreement that concluded...

between the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire led to the gradual reconquest of Bulgaria by the Byzantines, who thus re-established their control...

Byzantine illuminated manuscripts were produced across the Byzantine Empire, some in monasteries but others in imperial or commercial workshops. Religious...

the Byzantine Empire Byzantine Armenia Byzantine Crete Byzantine Egypt Byzantine Greece Byzantine North Africa Spania Subdivisions of the Byzantine Empire...

The Byzantine–Hungarian War was a series of border conflicts between the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary that took place in the Balkans from...

Serbia, the Kingdom of Hungary, Moldavia, the Kingdom of Georgia, the Byzantine Empire, the Empire of Nicaea, the Latin Empire, and Wallachia, with Cuman...

July 718 – 14 September 775) was Byzantine emperor from 741 to 775. His reign saw a consolidation of Byzantine security from external threats. As an...

pronounced [ma.nuˈil pa.le.oˈlo.ɣos]; 27 June 1350 – 21 July 1425) was Byzantine emperor from 1391 to 1425. Shortly before his death he was tonsured a...

The Byzantine–Hungarian War (1071–1072) was the first of the series of wars between the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary. When Pechenegs crossed...

The Byzantine Fresco Chapel is a part of the Menil Collection in Houston, Texas, near the University of St. Thomas. From February 1997 to February 2012...

Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. After the capture of the city, the Latin Empire (known to the Byzantines as the Frankokratia, or the Latin...

The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1082 was a trade and defence pact signed between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice, in the form of an imperial...

Κωνσταντῖνος, romanized: Kōnstantīnos; 960 – 11/12 November 1028) was de jure Byzantine emperor from 962 until his death. He was the younger son of Emperor Romanos...

Bristol Byzantine is a variety of Byzantine Revival architecture that was popular in the city of Bristol from about 1850 to 1880. Many buildings in the...

The Byzantine Church of Jabalia in the Gaza Strip, which today is the remains of a Christian basilica church, includes graves and mosaic floors surrounded...

Μακεδονική Αναγέννηση) is a historiographical term used for the blossoming of Byzantine culture in the 9th–11th centuries, under the eponymous Macedonian dynasty...

Saint Anne Byzantine Catholic Church is a Catholic Christian parish of the Byzantine Ruthenian Tradition located in the City of San Luis Obispo, California...

The Modern Serbo-Byzantine architectural style, Neo-Byzantine architectural style or Serbian national architectural style is the style in Serbian architecture...

Pannonia was a Byzantine province, which existed in present-day Syrmia region of Serbia in the 6th century. Its capital was Sirmium (modern-day Sremska...

The Rus'–Byzantine War of 941 took place during the reign of Igor of Kiev. The first naval attack was driven off and followed by another, successful offensive...

The Byzantine-Latino Quarter is a neighborhood in Central Los Angeles. The Byzantine-Latino Quarter, alternately referred to as the "BLQ", was originally...

Roman text, and instead her single attestation comes from a medieval Byzantine encyclopedia of the tenth century, known as the Suda. Her passing mention...

is being considered for merging. › The Slovak Greek Catholic Church or Byzantine Catholic Church in Slovakia, is a sui iuris (autonomous) Eastern Catholic...

The Byzantine–Georgian War (1028) was a military conflict between the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Georgia, primarily over territorial control...

the Greek East and Latin West. The East Roman Empire, later called the Byzantine Empire, continued for a millennium, while the West Roman Empire lasted...

15 December 1025), given the epithet the Bulgar Slayer, was the senior Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025. He and his brother Constantine VIII were crowned...

January 840 – 24 September 867), also known as Michael the Drunkard, was Byzantine emperor from 842 to 867. Michael III was the third and traditionally last...

The Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty began in 518 AD with the accession of Justin I. Under the Justinian dynasty, particularly the reign of...

unstable communion with Constantinople. It was not until 518 that the new Byzantine Emperor, Justin I—who accepted Chalcedon—demanded that the church in the...

which it served as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom and then the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna. It has 156,444 inhabitants as of 2025. ‹ The template...

A Byzantine–Hungarian War was fought between Byzantine and Hungarian forces in the Balkans from 1180 to 1185. Taking advantage of the internal conflicts...

expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire and nearly the entire Sasanian Empire. Following the assassination...

Romans", which was the name traditionally given by Turkic societies to the Byzantine Empire and Orthodox Christians. In Greek mythology, Thrace is named after...

Greece, for several centuries the second-most important city of the Byzantine Empire, played an important role for Christianity during the Middle Ages...

Cyprian (Greek: Κυπριανὸς) was a Byzantine military leader who played a role in the wars of the reign of Justinian I. He was one of Belisarius’ subordinates...

Strategopoulos. The reconquest of the city led to the re-establishment of the Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty after an interval of 57 years, during...

throughout Byzantine times (and influencing the development of admiralty law up to the present).[citation needed] In 622/3, during the climactic Byzantine–Sasanian...

Innovation in Byzantine Medicine: The Writings of John Zacharias Aktouarios (c.1275-c.1330) is a 2020 monograph by Greek author and academic Petros Bouras-Vallianatos...

Mutilation was a common method of punishment for criminals in the Byzantine Empire, but it also had a role in the empire's political life. By blinding...

Σοφός, romanized: Léōn ho Sophós; 19 September 866 – 11 May 912), was Byzantine Emperor from 886 to 912. The second ruler of the Macedonian dynasty (although...

merging. › Armenians were the most significant ethnic minority in the Byzantine Empire at various times. Historically, this was due to the fact that part...

Byzantine units of measurement were a combination and modification of the ancient Greek and Roman units of measurement used in the Byzantine Empire. Until...

Peter the Byzantine (fl. 1770 – 1808), also known as Petros Byzantios (Greek: Πέτρος Βυζάντιος), and "the Fugitive", was a Greek composer and scribe....

was an elite unit of the Byzantine army from the 10th to the 14th century who served as personal bodyguards to the Byzantine emperors. The Varangian Guard...

culmination of the Umayyad Caliphate's expansionist strategy against the Byzantine Empire. Caliph Mu'awiya I, who had emerged in 661 as the ruler of the...

romanized: Kōnstantīnos Porphyrogénnētos; 17 May 905 – 9 November 959) was the fourth Byzantine emperor of the Macedonian dynasty, reigning from 6 June 913 to 9 November...

Maritime Venice, a Byzantine duchy dependent on the Exarchate of Ravenna. With the fall of the Exarchate and the weakening of Byzantine power, the Duchy...

considered for merging. › The Greek Catholic Church in Croatia and Serbia or Byzantine Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia, is a particular (sui iuris) Eastern...

Between 780–1180, the Byzantine Empire and the Abbasid and Fatimid caliphates in the regions of Iraq, Palestine, Syria, Anatolia and Southern Italy fought...

Prosopography of the Byzantine World (PBW) is a project to create a prosopographical database of individuals named in textual sources in the Byzantine Empire and...

of Sirmium (568) – Avar–Byzantine wars Siege of Pavia (569–572) – Byzantine–Lombard wars Siege of Thebothon (573) – Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591...

The Greek Byzantine Choir is a choir specializing in singing traditional Byzantine chant. The choir was founded in 1977 by Lykourgos Angelopoulos (1941-2014)...

The Byzantine army of the Komnenian era or Komnenian army was a force established by Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos during the late 11th/early 12th...

term is rarely used by academics today. The Eastern Roman Empire, or Byzantine Empire, survived, though in the 7th century the Rashidun Caliphate and...

course of the Arab–Byzantine wars, exchanges of prisoners of war became a regular feature of the relations between the Byzantine Empire and the Abbasid...

basic military unit and administrative territorial entity of the middle Byzantine Empire. Its name, like the Latin bandus and bandum ("ensign, banner")...

from the Byzantine unit. Again, this varied by region: some values include 1 270 m2, and 1 600 m2. 1 E3 m² for further comparisons Byzantine units Conversion...

romanized: Iōánnēs Komnēnós Palaiológos; 18 June 1332 – 16 February 1391) was Byzantine emperor from 1341 to 1391, with interruptions. His long reign was marked...

church in the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire and its missionary activity that brought the Christian faith in its Byzantine form to many peoples north...

brother of the Byzantine Emperor Maurice (r. 582 - 602). Petrus was a son of Paul, head of the Byzantine Senate and a sibling to Maurice, Byzantine emperor;...

[komniˈni]), Latinized as Comnenus (pl. Comneni), was a Byzantine Greek noble family who ruled the Byzantine Empire in the 11th and 12th centuries. The first...

The Byzantine Empire was ruled by emperors of the dynasty of Heraclius between 610 and 711 AD. The Heraclians presided over a period of foreign invasions...

were numerous and had significant roles throughout the history of the Byzantine Empire. After the decline of the Greek-speaking Hellenistic Judaism in...

Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Sicily. Byzantine science was essentially classical science. Therefore, Byzantine science was in every period closely connected...

eastern coast, which remained in Byzantine hands and was included in the thema of Hellas, established by Byzantine emperor Justinian II c. 690. While...

portal Dynasty History of the Byzantine Empire History of the Roman Empire List of Byzantine emperors List of Byzantine usurpers List of condemned Roman...

inverse perspective, inverted perspective, divergent perspective, or Byzantine perspective, is a form of perspective drawing where the objects depicted...

Balkans, and involving the Kievan Rus', Bulgaria, and the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines encouraged the Rus' ruler Sviatoslav to attack Bulgaria, leading...

The Byzantine Empire was ruled by emperors of the Komnenos dynasty for a period of 104 years, from 1081 to about 1185. The Komnenian (also spelled Comnenian)...

The Byzantine–Venetian War of 1171 was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice as a result of the Byzantine imprisonment of Venetian...

Fourth Crusade in 1204, until the recapture of Constantinople by the Byzantines in 1261. Nicaea was also the capital of the Ottomans from 1331 to 1335...

Mesopotamia (Greek: Μεσοποταμία) was the name of a Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) located in what is today eastern Turkey. It should not...

The Byzantine Institute of America is an organization founded for the preservation of Byzantine art and architecture. Working with the Turkish government...

The Museum of Byzantine Culture (Greek: Μουσείο Βυζαντινού Πολιτισμού) is a museum in Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece, which opened in 1994. To...

Church Slavonic language. The Byzantine-Greek influence continued, particularly with the official adoption of Byzantine rites by Prince Vladimir I of...

Greek Catholic Church, or the Albanian Byzantine Catholic Church, is an autonomous (sui iuris in Latin) Byzantine Rite particular church in full communion...

Parma (Ruthenian) in 2002 Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Parma Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Passaic...

Κομνηνός, romanized: Iōánnēs Komnēnós; 13 September 1087 – 8 April 1143) was Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143. Also known as "John the Beautiful" or "John...

rid Spain of the Byzantines, but failed. The Byzantines occupied many coastal cities in Baetica and this region was to remain a Byzantine province until...

Seleucids, Attalid, Pontus, Greco-Bactrian, Sassanids, Romans, Goths, Byzantines, Georgians, Chinese, Koreans, Jurchens, Mongols, Tanguts and Songhai....

divided and the area that now constitutes modern Albania became part of the Byzantine Empire. After the region fell to the Romans in 168 BC, it became part...

were an extremely important and numerous category of courtiers of the Byzantine Emperor. Their main purpose was to serve the emperor and empress in the...

the Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty, the Byzantine Papacy until the mid 8th century. The "Middle Ages" proper begin as the Byzantine Empire...

is an example of this office. In the Byzantine era of the Roman Empire, the position of dux survived (Byzantine Greek: "δούξ", doux, plural "δούκες",...

city-state at the time of the Macedonian conquest of Greece. During the Byzantine period, the city was famous for its silks. The modern city contains an...

lit. 'highly refined') was a Byzantine coin in use during the late Middle Ages, replacing the solidus as the Byzantine Empire's standard gold coinage...

Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591 was a war fought between the Sasanian Empire of Persia and the Byzantine Empire. It was triggered by pro-Byzantine revolts...

culturally Turco-Persian, Sunni Muslim state established over conquered Byzantine territories and peoples (Rum) of Anatolia by the Seljuk Turks following...

"the Bearded" (Greek: ὁ Πωγωνᾶτος, romanized: ho Pōgōnãtos), was the Byzantine emperor from 641 to 668. Constans was the last attested emperor to serve...

582–602) and Heraclius would even serve as Emperors. The region became a key Byzantine military district after the advent of Islam and the subsequent Muslim...

Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity...

November 1221) was the first emperor of Nicaea—a successor state of the Byzantine Empire—from 1205 to his death. Although he was born to an obscure aristocratic...

The East Roman or Byzantine Empire established and operated several mints throughout its history (330–1453). Aside from the main metropolitan mint in...

Christ Pantocrator of Saint Catherine's Monastery is one of the oldest Byzantine religious icons, dating from the 6th century AD. The earliest known surviving...

The Byzantine-Pecheneg War was a conflict fought between the Byzantine Empire and migrating Pechenegs in 1046-1047. After sustaining heavy losses and several...

Demography of the Byzantine Empire concerns the composition, distribution, and social structure of the population of the Byzantine Empire, shaped by factors...

romanized: Hērákleios, Arabic: هِرَقْل, romanized: Hiraql; c. 575 – 11 February 641) was Byzantine emperor from 610 to 641. His rise to power began in 608, when he and his...

romanized: Iōánnēs ho Tzimiskēs; c. 925 – 10 January 976) was the senior Byzantine emperor from 969 to 976. An intuitive and successful general who married...

The Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357 was an armed conflict resulting from and following the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347. The war pitted Byzantine emperor...

The Byzantine and Christian Museum (Greek: Βυζαντινό και Χριστιανικό Μουσείο) is situated at Vassilissis Sofias Avenue in Athens, Greece. Founded in 1914...

The Byzantine Empire was ruled by emperors of the Doukas dynasty between 1059 and 1081. There are six emperors and co-emperors of this period: the dynasty's...

The Byzantine Empire's history is generally periodised from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD. From the 3rd to 6th centuries...

Treaty of 1022 The Byzantine–Georgian treaty of 1022 was an agreement between the Kingdom of Georgia and the Byzantine Empire. It was signed by Georgian...

The Serbo-Byzantine architectural style or Vardar architectural school (or "style"), is an ecclesiastical architectural style that flourished in the Serbian...

The Raoul family (Greek: Ῥαούλ) was a Byzantine aristocratic family of Norman origin, prominent during the Palaiologan period. From the 14th century on...

considered for merging. › The Hungarian Greek Catholic Church or the Byzantine Catholic Church in Hungary is a sui iuris (autonomous) Eastern Catholic...

texts, is the name of various notable persons and families in Byzantine and post-Byzantine Greece, attested from 12th century. The word sgouros means "curly-haired"...

Vahan (Armenian: Վահան) was a Byzantine military leader of Armenian origin. He was probably killed shortly after the Battle of Yarmuk in 636. Vahan, an...

be completed by a newly reinvigorated Byzantine Empire. With the abatement of Arab-Byzantine Wars, the Byzantine Empire began to consolidate its power...

Byzantine literature of the Laskaris and Palaiologos periods was the final period of Byzantine literature, from the conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders...

office continued to grow not only because of the obvious patronage of the Byzantine Emperor but because of its overwhelming geographical importance. The Council...

diaspora.[citation needed] For example, the popular newspaper of the Byzantine (Greek) Catholic Church in the U.S. for decades known as the ‘Greek Catholic...

The Byzantine–Norman war was fought between the Byzantine Empire and Siculo-Norman Roger II of Sicily in 1147–1149. Following the crossing of the Crusader...

The Byzantine civil war of 1373–1379 was a military conflict fought in the Byzantine Empire between Byzantine Emperor John V Palaiologos and his son,...

In the Byzantine Empire, death was generally not mentioned directly, preferring to use various euphemisms such as separation, leaving-by, paying off debts-paying...

The Mongol invasion of Byzantine Thrace took place in the winter of AD 1263/1264. The Seljuk Sultan of Rûm Kayqubad II appealed to Berke, Khan of the...

Byzantine–Georgian treaty may refer to: Byzantine–Georgian treaty of 1022 Byzantine–Georgian treaty of 1031 This disambiguation page lists articles associated...

the Rus' recorded in Byzantine and western European sources. The casus belli was the construction of the fortress Sarkel by Byzantine engineers, restricting...

Kantakouzēnós; Latin: Iohannes Cantacuzenus; c. 1292 – 15 June 1383) was a Byzantine Greek emperor and nobleman, statesman, and general. He served as grand...

Byzantine Blackwood is a bidding convention in the game of bridge. Devised by Jack Marx, it is a complex version of the Blackwood convention (by which...

The Byzantine Empire lasted from AD 395 to 1453, during which music was prominent throughout the empire. Both sacred and secular music were commonplace...

Slit-Nosed" (Greek: ὁ Ῥινότμητος, romanized: ho Rhīnótmētos), was the last Byzantine emperor of the Heraclian dynasty, reigning from 685 to 695 and again from...

Byzantinism, or Byzantism, is the political system and culture of the Byzantine Empire, and its spiritual successors the Orthodox Christian Balkan countries...

The Byzantine Museum of Ioannina is housed in one of the buildings of citadel (Its Kale) of Ioannina, the capital of the Epirus region in northwestern...

plume of Vincent O'Reilly, the author of two novels of the Byzantine Empire: Antonina: A Byzantine Slut about the maligned wife of the famed sixth century...

Roman or Byzantine Empire (330–1453). The definition of organized civil unrest is any conflict that was fought within the borders of the Byzantine Empire...

Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, it remained significant under the Roman and Byzantine Empires, and during the Crusades was the centre of the Principality of...

Colchicum × byzantinum, the Byzantine meadow saffron, is a species of flowering plant in the family Colchicaceae with a long history of cultivation, and...

Phōkâs; c. 912 – 11 December 969), Latinized Nicephorus II Phocas, was Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969. His career, not uniformly successful in matters...

Λέων ὁ Ἀρμένιος, Léōn ho Arménios; c. 775 – 25 December 820) was the Byzantine emperor from 813 to 820. He is chiefly remembered for ending the decade-long...

Bulgarian Empire was the dominant power in the Balkans, defeating the Byzantine Empire in several major battles. In 1205, Emperor Kaloyan defeated the...

that emerged in the 12th-century Byzantine Empire. It is the lengthiest and most famous of the acritic songs, Byzantine folk poems celebrating the lives...

the name of a prominent aristocratic family of Roman Emperors of the Byzantine Empire active from the middle of the 9th century until the very end of...

ruled during the Early Middle Ages by the Vandals, the Ostrogoths, the Byzantine Empire, and the Emirate of Sicily. The Norman conquest of southern Italy...

In the late Byzantine Empire, the term kephale (Greek: κεφαλή, romanized: kephalē, lit. 'head') was used to denote local and provincial governors. It...

Russian Greek Catholic Church or Russian Byzantine Catholic Church is a sui iuris (self-governing) Byzantine Rite Eastern Catholic particular church that...

ὁ Μακεδών, romanized: Basíleios ō Makedṓn; 811 – 29 August 886), was Byzantine emperor from 867 to 886. Born to a peasant family in the theme of Macedonia...

Πωγωνᾶτος, romanized: Pōgōnãtos) out of confusion with his father, was Byzantine emperor from 668 to 685. His reign saw the first serious check to nearly...

Kingdom, Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Byzantine Empire/ Byzantine Greeks, Byzantine Greek successor states of the Byzantine Empire, Kingdom of Greece and Greece...

enumerated as Constantine III, was one of the shortest reigning sole Byzantine emperors, ruling for three months in 641. He was the eldest son of Emperor...

The migration waves of Byzantine Greek scholars and émigrés in the period following the end of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 are considered by many scholars...

According to the Primary Chronicle, the first Rus'–Byzantine Treaty was concluded in 907 as a result of Oleg's raid against Constantinople. Scholars generally...

The Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328 was a series of conflicts between the Byzantine emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos and his grandson Andronikos III...

During the 12th century, the civilization of the Byzantine Empire experienced a period of intense change and development. This has led some historians...

3 June 1453) was a Byzantine Greek statesman who served as the last megas doux or grand duke (commander-in-chief of the Byzantine navy) and the last mesazon...

Greek. Medieval Greek (also known as Byzantine Greek) The continuation of Koine Greek up to the demise of the Byzantine Empire in the 15th century. Medieval...

August 1982 in Greece) is a Byzantine and traditional singer from Greece. Her voice is primarily associated with Byzantine music, and she is regarded as...

Byzantine Syria between 634–638 CE as part of the Arab–Byzantine wars and the wider Muslim conquests. Clashes between the Muslims and the Byzantines on...

The Byzantine Catholic World is the official newspaper of the Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The paper's...

The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1390 was an agreement between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice that renewed the truce between the two powers...

with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome, also known as an exedra. In Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic Christian church (including cathedral and abbey)...

Eastern Lutheranism (also known as Byzantine Lutheranism or Byzantine Rite Lutheranism) refers to Eastern Protestant Lutheran churches, such as those of...

romanized: Kōnstantīnos, 14 January 771 – before 805), sometimes called the Blind, was Byzantine emperor from 780 to 797. The only child of Emperor Leo IV, Constantine...

the capital Ravenna, but the term is mainly used to designate all the Byzantine territories in continental and peninsular Italy. According to the legal...

in Byzantine territory. Four years later, Manuel I Komnenos, the Byzantine Emperor, led an army towards Antioch, forcing Raynald to accept Byzantine suzerainty...

common in the early Roman Empire and Classical Greece. It was legal in the Byzantine Empire but it was transformed significantly from the 4th century onward...

The term Norman–Arab–Byzantine culture, Norman–Sicilian culture or, less inclusively, Norman–Arab culture (sometimes the "Arab–Norman civilization"),...

Rufinus (Greek: Ῥουφῖνος) was a Byzantine military officer and emissary of the 6th century, active during the reigns of emperors Anastasius I Dicorus...

The Palaiologan army refers to the military forces of the Byzantine Empire under the rule of the Palaiologos dynasty, from the late 13th century to its...

In the Byzantine Empire, cities were centers of economic and cultural life. A significant part of the cities (there were more than 900 of them by the...

Byzantine Venetia (Greek: Bενετικὰ, romanized: Venetikà), also known as the Byzantine Maritime Venetia (Latin: Venetia maritima), or Maritime Venice (Italian:...

that is in full communion with the Holy See. The metropolis uses the Byzantine Rite in its liturgies. It was erected as a metropolis (archdiocese) by...

This is a list of Byzantine scientists and other scholars. Most important scholars known before the Macedonian Renaissance were active under the Justinian...

opposed by the Byzantine Empire, which had control of the peninsula at the time of the invasion. For most of the kingdom's history, the Byzantine-ruled Exarchate...

South Slavs. They were mentioned by early Byzantine chroniclers as barbarians having appeared at the Byzantine borders along with the Antes (East Slavs)...

(Russian Orthodox cross). This slanted, lower crosspiece often appears in Byzantine Greek and Eastern European iconography, as well as in other Eastern Orthodox...

Dorostolon (Silistra) was fought in 971 between the Byzantine Empire and forces of Kievan Rus'. The Byzantines, led by John I Tzimiskes, were victorious. During...

Archangel in Passaic, New Jersey. As an Eastern Catholic church, it uses the Byzantine Rite in its services. The Eparchy was erected July 6, 1963. It is a suffragan...

can refer to: Argyros (Byzantine family), prominent Byzantine noble clan Argyrus (Catepan of Italy) (c. 1000–1068), Byzantine general of Lombard origin...

John the Baptist in Parma, Ohio. The eparchy's liturgies utilize the Byzantine Rite. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archeparchy of Pittsburgh in the...

agreement signed in Constantinople between the Bulgarian Khan Omurtag and the Byzantine Emperor Leo V the Armenian. With the succession of Khan Krum on the Bulgarian...

Diogenēs; (c. 1030 – 4 August 1072) was Byzantine emperor from 1068 to 1071. Determined to halt the decline of the Byzantine military and to stop Turkish incursions...

In 717–718, Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, was besieged by the Muslim Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate. The campaign marked the culmination...

was launched by the Aghlabids, allied with the Neapolitans, against the Byzantine city of Messina from 842 to 843. The Allied forces managed to capture...

hippodromes were common features of Greek cities in the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine eras. Although the Hippodrome is usually associated with Constantinople's...

military commander in Kievan Rus' and chief of the Varangian Guard in the Byzantine Empire. In his chronicle, Adam of Bremen called him the "Thunderbolt of...

surviving example of early Byzantine art and architecture, and its mosaics in particular are some of the most-studied works in Byzantine art. It is one of eight...

period in the development of Byzantine art. Coinciding with the reign of the Palaiologoi, the last dynasty to rule the Byzantine Empire (1261–1453), it was...

which resulted in the sack of Constantinople in 1204, the conquest of the Byzantine Empire, and the foundation of the Latin Empire. The following year he...

and often refers to in particular the long-lasting dispute between the Byzantine emperors in Constantinople and the Holy Roman emperors in modern-day Germany...

Greek: Ἄσμα τοῦ Ἀρμούρη) is a medieval Greek heroic poem of the middle Byzantine period. Dating from the 11th century, it is probably one of the oldest...

The Byzantine Catholic Seminary of Ss. Cyril and Methodius is an American degree-granting school of theology in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The seminary...

The Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896 (Bulgarian: Българо–византийска война от 894–896) was fought between the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire...

Ἄγγελοι) was a Byzantine Greek noble family that produced several emperors and other prominent nobles during the middle and late Byzantine Empire. The family...

A Byzantine–Hungarian War was fought between Byzantine and Hungarian forces on the Danube between 1127 and 1129. Byzantine primary sources, Cinnamus and...

Greek: Βελισάριος; c. 500 – March 565) was a military commander of the Byzantine Empire under Emperor Justinian I. Belisarius was instrumental in the reconquest...

empire's resources following losses in population and territory, domes in Byzantine architecture were used as part of more modest new buildings. The large-scale...

eventual transformation into a prominent Christian center during the Byzantine period. The ban on Jews was maintained until the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem...

plural: ζυγοστάται, zygostatai) was a public weigher of the coinage of the Byzantine Empire. According to the Lex Julia, he was a municipal official whose...

Andronikos II Palaiologos (Byzantine Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνὸς Παλαιολόγος, romanized: Andrónikos Doúkās Ángelos Komnēnós Palaiológos;...

The Amorian dynasty (or Phrygian dynasty) ruled the Byzantine Empire from 820 to 867. The Amorian dynasty continued the policy of restored iconoclasm...

Agnes of France, renamed Anna (1171 – 1220/after 1240), was Byzantine empress by marriage to Alexios II Komnenos and Andronikos I Komnenos. She was a...

of the Byzantine Rite, and their members. The name comes from the Central Semitic root m-l-k 'royal', referring to the loyalty to the Byzantine emperor...

communion with the Holy See. The church's liturgical usage is that of the Byzantine Rite in the Bulgarian language. The church is organized as a single eparchy—the...

castles, many of which achieve a stark, massive beauty. They developed the Byzantine methods of city-fortification for stand-alone castles far larger than...

Empire, and later the Byzantine Empire held it against advances by the First Bulgarian Empire. The Fourth Crusade weakened Byzantine control of the area...

II (emperor) Constantine III (Western Roman emperor) Constantine III (Byzantine emperor) Constantine IV Constantine V Constantine VI Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus...

merging. › The Melkite Greek Catholic Church, also known as the Melkite Byzantine Catholic Church, is an Eastern Catholic church in full communion with...

He became son-in-law of the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Caesar in 1180, and was later murdered in a Byzantine power-struggle. Renier was the...

the Great. After Theodoric's death in 526, Mundus entered service under Byzantine Emperor Justinian I, fighting in the Balkans, defending Justinian during...

Χάζαρος, romanized: Léōn ho Khazaros; 25 January 750 – 8 September 780) was Byzantine emperor from 775 to 780 AD. He was born to Emperor Constantine V and Empress...

of Syria and Egypt, but concluded the most concrete alliance with the Byzantine emperor, Manuel I Komnenos, whose grandniece Maria became Amalric's second...

Crete was subsequently ruled by Rome, by the Byzantine Empire, briefly by Andalusian Arabs, restored to Byzantine rule, and later by the Venetian Republic...

strategically sound that the Byzantines attempted to recapture it around 850. Several seals of civil servants and other Byzantine officials, dated to the first...

The Museum of Ancient Greek, Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Musical Instruments is a museum in Oia, Santorini, Greece. The three exhibition spaces display...

liturgy in the Byzantine Rite. Since 2013, there is no longer any Eastern Catholic jurisdictions covering Montenegro, and all Byzantine Rite Catholics...

manuscripts, and is one of the textual families which belongs to the majority Byzantine text-type. The name of the family, "Π" (pronounced in English as "pie")...

Georgian Byzantine Rite Catholics, or members of the Georgian Greek Catholic Church, are Catholics from the Georgian people who practice the Byzantine Rite...

The Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire fought a war from 913 until 927. Although the war was provoked by the Byzantine emperor Alexander's decision...

modern-day Turkey. The sect flourished between 650 and 872 around the Byzantine Empire's frontier with the Arab Caliphate in Armenia and Eastern Anatolia...

Classical Greece, while influencing the Roman Empire and its successor the Byzantine Empire. Other cultures and states such as the Frankish states, the Ottoman...

(Greek: θέμα Θρᾴκης or θέμα Θρᾳκῷον) was a province (thema or theme) of the Byzantine Empire located in the south-eastern Balkans, comprising varying parts...

Jumada al-Awwal 8 AH), between the forces of Muhammad and the army of the Byzantine Empire and their Ghassanid vassals. It took place in the village of Mu'tah...

campaign against Amorium in 838 and persuaded Byzantine fortresses to surrender to the Arabs. Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas (963–969), after...

considered for merging. › The Italo-Albanian Catholic Church or Italo-Albanian Byzantine-Catholic Church is one of the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches which, together...

baptized Basil (Greek: Βασίλειος), was a distinguished Byzantine military leader in the Byzantine–Arab conflicts of the latter half of the 9th century....

attack by both Byzantine pretenders fighting for the throne and also by foreign powers for a total of 22 times. The city remained under Byzantine rule until...

quarter', a reference to the devaluation of the Byzantine currency under his rule), was the senior Byzantine emperor from 1071 to 1078. He was known as incompetent...

between the Rus' and the Byzantine Empire. Its date is questioned, as is the belief that it was distinct from the Rus'–Byzantine War (860). The expedition...

"Did the Byzantines call themselves Byzantines? Elements of Eastern Roman identity in the imperial discourse of the seventh century". Byzantine and Modern...

Nicephorus III Botaniates, was Byzantine Emperor from 7 January 1078 to 1 April 1081. He became a general during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX...

an administrative and military unit (theme) within the Byzantine Empire carved by the Byzantine Emperors out of several Georgian lands in the 11th century...

The Koraes Professor of Modern Greek and Byzantine History, Language and Literature is a chair in the Classics Department at King's College London. It...

the Byzantine Empire in 1042 Vahram had an army of 30,000 which fought against the Byzantines 100,000 troops. A battle ensued in which the Byzantines were...

year on 25 March 5492 BC. Later Byzantine chroniclers used Anno Mundi years from 1 September 5509 BC, the Byzantine Era. No single Anno Mundi epoch was...

Monomachos (Byzantine family), a family of Byzantine officials Niketas Monomachos, Byzantine official and saint Constantine IX Monomachos, Byzantine emperor...

κατεπανίκιον Ἰταλίας, Katepaníkion Italías) was a province (theme) of the Byzantine Empire, that existed from c. 965 until 1071. It was headed by a governor...

International Association of Byzantine Studies (French: Association Internationale des Études Byzantines, AIEB) was launched in 1948. It is an international...

huge army in Thrace and beginning to plunder it, following which the Byzantines offered peace to the Rus'. The chronicle describes the raid of 907 in...

defeated Byzantine Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes at the Battle of Manzikert. Romanos' capture and Byzantine factionalism that followed broke Byzantine border...

The Battle of Dyrrhachium took place on October 18, 1081 between the Byzantine Empire, led by the Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118), and the Normans...

The Byzantine–Genoese War of 1348–1349 was fought over control over custom dues through the Bosphorus. The Byzantines attempted to break their dependence...

Athos, especially the Byzantine double-eagle and the Holy Virgin, who is the patron of the Holy Mount, represent old Byzantine traditions. [...] The flag...

théma Kýprou) was a Byzantine province comprising the island of Cyprus, established in 965 after the reconquest of Cyprus by the Byzantine navy. Prior to this...

a Greek scholar and one of the most renowned philosophers of the Late Byzantine era. He was a chief pioneer of the revival of Greek scholarship in Western...

rekindling of war with the Sassanid Empire in 572, and the initiation of the Byzantine-Lombard wars in 568, which by its end in 750 cost the Romans much of their...

The Byzantine–Serbian War (c. 1090–1096) was part of a series of wars between the Byzantine Empire and the medieval Serbian states. The succession of...

The International Congress of Byzantine Studies (French: Congrès international des études Byzantines) is a scholarly conference that promotes the study...

from Ancient Greeks, from more recent medieval migrations during the Byzantine period, or a combination of both. A long-standing debate over the origin...

the ruling dynasty belonged to the Gabras (Gavras) family, a prominent Byzantine aristocratic house of the Komnenos era that had previously ruled the Empire...

and monasteries. These Christian sanctuaries contain many examples of Byzantine art from the post-iconoclastic period. These frescoes are a unique artistic...

defenses of its coastal cities, and directed the war effort against the Byzantine Empire, including the first Muslim naval campaigns. In response to Uthman's...

Zrenjanin Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Saint Nicholas of Ruski Krstur, for Catholics of Byzantine Rite in Serbia The Belarusian Catholic Church (Byzantine Rite)...

The Chora Church or Kariye Mosque (Turkish: Kariye Camii) is a Byzantine church, now converted to a mosque (for the second time), in the Edirnekapı neighborhood...

Byzantine historian Eustathios (governor of the Cibyrrhaeot Theme), Byzantine governor (fl. ca. 910) Eustathios Maleinos (fl. 960s–980s), Byzantine general...

term originates from the Byzantine Iconoclasm, the struggles between proponents and opponents of religious icons in the Byzantine Empire from 726 to 842...

the region of Vojvodina. It practices liturgy in the Slavonic form of Byzantine Rite and uses the Old Church Slavonic language and the Cyrillic alphabet...

and 902, when the last major Byzantine stronghold on the island, Taormina, fell. Isolated fortresses remained in Byzantine hands until 965, but the island...

Varchonitai (Greek: Βαρχονῖται, romanized: Varchonitai), or Pseudo-Avars in Byzantine sources, and the Apar (Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰺) to the Göktürks. They established...

Central Macedonia in northern Greece. As an outstanding example of early Byzantine art and architecture, in addition to the importance of the rotunda as...

The Byzantine Empire participated in the crusading movement from its inception in the late 11th century, serving as initiator, ally, or adversary. The...

imprisoned the Byzantine ambassador sent by Phocas to announce Phocas' ascension to the throne and sent an army that managed to defeat the Byzantines and killed...

functioned as a multi-ethnic imperial state modelled on the neighbouring Byzantine Empire, which contributed to the adoption of the title of tsar (emperor)...

The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 was an agreement between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice that renegotiated and extended for two years...

engagement fought in August 1030 near the Syrian town of Azaz between the Byzantine army, led by Emperor Romanos III Argyros (r. 1028–1034) in person, and...

this critical defeat. In 1071, the Seljuk Turks decisively defeated the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Manzikert and quickly overran Anatolia. One Seljuk...

The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347, sometimes referred to as the Second Palaiologan Civil War, was a conflict that broke out in the Byzantine Empire...

c. 500 – 565) was a prominent Byzantine Greek scholar and historian from Caesarea Maritima. Accompanying the Byzantine general Belisarius in Emperor Justinian's...

written in late antiquity (6th century) and generally attributed to the Byzantine Emperor Maurice. The work is a practical manual and according to its author...

romanized: Nikēphóros; 750 – 26 July 811), also known as Nicephorus I, was Byzantine emperor from 802 to 811. He was General Logothete (finance minister) under...

between Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire. It was signed by the son of the ruling Bulgarian Khan Tervel, Kormesiy and the Byzantine Emperor Theodosius III...

patrikios Niketas Chalkoutzes (Greek: Νικήτας Χαλκούτζης, fl. 950–965) was a Byzantine general, the first attested member of the Chalkoutzes family. He recovered...

The Byzantine-Hungarian War was a series of border conflicts between the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary that took place in the Balkans between...

The Centre for Byzantine Studies or Centre for Byzantine Research (Greek: Κέντρο Βυζαντινών Ερευνών) is an organization based in Thessaloniki, Greece...

 1118/1120 – 12 September 1185), Latinized as Andronicus I Comnenus, was Byzantine emperor from 1183 to 1185. A nephew of John II Komnenos (r. 1118–1143)...

Greek: Δεσποτᾶτον τῆς Ἠπείρου) was one of the Greek rump states of the Byzantine Empire established in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 by a...

Forces of the Rashidun Caliphate led by Amr ibn al-As conquered Byzantine Egypt between 639 and 642 AD. The conquest ended the Roman period in Egypt,...

Παλάτιον, Hieròn Palátion; Latin: Sacrum Palatium), was the large imperial Byzantine palace complex located in the south-eastern end of the peninsula today...

Turkish: Miryokefalon Savaşı or Düzbel Muharebesi) was a battle between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk Turks in the mountains west of Iconium (Konya) in...

Kalaphates (Ancient Greek: Μιχαήλ Καλαφάτης, Michaḗl Kalaphátēs) was Byzantine emperor for four months in 1041–1042. He was the nephew and successor...

Nikephorian dynasty of the Byzantine Empire began following the deposition of the Empress Irene of Athens. The throne of the Byzantine Empire passed to a relatively...

The Ordinariate for Byzantine-Rite Catholics in Austria (or Ordinariate of Austria of the Eastern Rite) is a Catholic Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic...

replaced Duklja as the main opponent of the Byzantine Empire. Bodin's heirs were forced to recognize Byzantine overlordship, and now held only the small...

Fourth Crusade (1204) and lasting until the city was reconquered by the Byzantine Greeks in 1261. Its name derives from its Catholic and Western European...

Russian-Byzantine architecture (Russo-Byzantine architecture; Russian: русско-византийский стиль) is a revivalist direction in Russian architecture and...

The siege of Chandax in 960–961 was the centerpiece of the Byzantine Empire's campaign to recover the island of Crete which since the 820s had been ruled...

The Crucifix of Pisa is an Italo-Byzantine painting of the crucifixion painted on wood panel, dating to sometime around 1230 and now in the Museo nazionale...

Macedonia in northern Greece. The present tower likely replaced an old Byzantine fortification, known to have been mentioned around the 12th century, that...

unlike the previous emperors since Anastasius I Dicorus. Contemporary Byzantine sources call him a local Cappadocian. Paul the Deacon, a late 8th-century...

For most of its history, Khazaria served as a buffer state between the Byzantine Empire, the nomads of the northern steppes, and the Umayyad and Abbasid...

Caliphate against the Byzantine Empire in Byzantine Armenia as part of the wider early Muslim conquests and centuries-long Arab–Byzantine wars. The first Arab...

Museum (Greek: Βυζαντινό Μουσείο Αντιβουνιώτισσας) is a museum of post-Byzantine religious art of the Cretan and early Heptanese schools in Corfu, Greece...

Bulgarians, Hungarians and Byzantines, and by the conflict between Rome and Constantinople regarding the Christianization with the Byzantines getting the upper...

The Byzantine Empire was ruled by the Isaurian dynasty (or Syrian dynasty) from 717 to 802. The Isaurian emperors were successful in defending and consolidating...

century were Syria, Palestine, Armenia, Egypt, and North Africa. The Byzantine Empire suffered setbacks during the rapid expansion of the Caliphate and...

The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500–1492 is a history of the Byzantine Empire published by Cambridge University Press in 2008. It was...

Chronicling Turkish Military History". Nomadic Niko. Retrieved 2026-02-17. "Byzantine Empire". www.fotw.info. Retrieved 2026-02-16. Libro del conocimiento de...

Palaestina Prima or Palaestina I was a Byzantine province that existed from the late 4th century until the Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 630s,...

(870–948), Byzantine Emperor from 920 to 944 Romanos II (938–963), Byzantine Emperor from 959–963) Romanos III Argyros (968–1034), Byzantine emperor from...

Komnēnós, c. 1057 – 15 August 1118), Latinized as Alexius I Comnenus, was Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118. After usurping the throne he was faced with...

considered for merging. › The Macedonian Greek Catholic Church or Macedonian Byzantine Catholic Church is a sui juris Eastern Catholic church in full union with...

island of Crete from the late 820s to the reconquest of the island by the Byzantine Empire in 961. Although the emirate recognized the suzerainty of the Abbasid...

Constantinople The Middle King by Benozzo Gozzoli, c. 1460. Byzantine Empire portal List of Byzantine emperors Horvat, Robert (7 May 2016). "Portrait of an...

infertile. In Coptic Egypt, she is identified with Alabasandria, and in Byzantine culture with Gylou. In various texts surviving from the syncretic magical...

Romanos II (Greek: Ῥωμανός, romanized: Rōmanos; 938 – 15 March 963) was Byzantine Emperor from 959 to 963. He succeeded his father Constantine VII at the...

Archesh or Battle of Van Lake was a battle between the Byzantine and Sasanian armies during the Byzantine-Sasanian War of 602-628. The battle was the final...

Byzantine Museum of Kastoria is a museum in Kastoria, Macedonia, Greece, dedicated to religious art from the area's late Byzantine and post-Byzantine...

the Huns. It became a Byzantine possession during the Early Middle Ages and withstood a siege by the Göktürks in 581. Byzantine rule was slight: there...

The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1285 was an agreement between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice that restored peaceful relations between...

June 1341), commonly Latinized as Andronicus III Palaeologus, was the Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341. He was the son of Michael IX Palaiologos and...

and into the Aegean Sea. It was the penultimate conflict between the Byzantine Empire and the Rus'. The only source for the conflict is the history of...

to describe the military, financial, and territorial recovery of the Byzantine Empire under the Komnenian dynasty, from the accession of Alexios I Komnenos...

dictionary. Theme or themes may refer to: Theme (Byzantine district), an administrative district in the Byzantine Empire governed by a Strategos Theme (computing)...

Dalmatia (Greek: θέμα Δαλματίας/Δελματίας, thema Dalmatias/Delmatias) was a Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) on the eastern coast of the Adriatic...

the eight-mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle...

rendering a political opponent unable to rule and lead an army in war. In the Byzantine Empire and many other historical societies, blinding was accomplished...

later Struthion Pool. However, as early as the fifth century, there was a Byzantine church in what became the precincts of the Church of St. Anne, called...

Kingdom of Cappadocia Hellenistic Anatolia (Hellenistic and Roman era) Byzantine Anatolia (Middle Ages) Ottoman Greeks (early modern) Population exchange...

June 948), Latinized as Romanus I Lacapenus or Romanus I Lecapenus, was Byzantine emperor from 920 until his deposition in 944, serving as regent for and...

conducted a census of the army and wrote to the Byzantine emperor Isaac II to inform him that he had entered Byzantine territory. The army, still accompanied by...

strongly resembles the Byzantine text-type, as its editor Erasmus mainly based his work on manuscripts following the Byzantine text. However, Erasmus...

of Hungary (c. 1260–1281) was a Princess of Hungary and Croatia, and a Byzantine Empress by marriage to Andronikos II Palaiologos. She was the daughter...

found itself particularly well placed to launch attacks on the vulnerable Byzantine Empire, which his descendants would eventually go on to conquer. Some...

College. In 1956, he founded and became director of the Institute for Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies (IBMGS) in Belmont, Massachusetts. In 1978, he...

inhabitants were among the first Christians in the Empire. Later, under the Byzantine and Ottoman empires, Veria was a center of Greek culture and learning...

Yarmouk in 636 against the Byzantine Empire. On the fourth day of the battle she led a group of women against the Byzantine army and defeated its chief...

fought in 863 between the Byzantine Empire and an invading Arab army in Paphlagonia (modern northern Turkey). The Byzantine army was led by Petronas,...

is the oldest known church structure in the city and one of only two Byzantine churches still standing in Istanbul today that were never converted into...

quarter of the 19th century and was an eclectic melding of Byzantine elements (Neo-Byzantine architecture in the Russian Empire) and pre-Petrine (Old Russian)...

authority in ancient Greece (especially during the Hellenistic period), the Byzantine emperors, and the kings of modern Greece. The name Basileios (Basil),...

rite. The sixth is exclusively Byzantine, but covers all Byzantine Catholics in Austria, no matter which particular Byzantine Church they belong to. The six...

Ἡράκλειος, romanized: Hērákleios; died 610) was a Byzantine Roman general and the father of Byzantine Roman emperor Heraclius (r. 610–641). Heraclius the...

pilgrimages from the West and the Byzantine Empire itself. The earliest impetus for the First Crusade came in 1095 when Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos...

Mary or Proto-Cathedral of St. Mary Byzantine Catholic Church is a parish church and proto-cathedral of the Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Phoenix, serving...

principality (c. 1082), appointed by King Constantine Bodin. During the Byzantine–Serbian wars (c. 1090), Vukan gained prominence and became a self-governing...