Pengepungan Akko (1291)

Pengepungan Akko (1291)
	Bagian dari Perang Salib
	; Marsekal Hospitalier Matthieu de Clermont mempertahankan tembok saat Pengepungan Akko, 1291, oleh Dominique Papety (1815–49) di Versailles
Tanggal	4 April – 18 Mei 1291
Lokasi	Akko; 32°56′N 35°05′E / 32.933°N 35.083°E
Hasil	Kemenangan Mamluk mutlak Akhir Perang Salib
Perubahan; wilayah	Akko direbut oleh Mamluk
Pihak terlibat
Mamluk	Kerajaan Yerusalem; Kesatria Kenisah; kesatria Hospitaller; Kesatria Teutonik; Kesatria Santo Tomas
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Al-Ashraf Khalil	Henry II dari Yerusalem; Amalrik dari Tyre
Kekuatan
200,000	Akko: 15,000 Siprus: 700
Korban
Tidak diketahui	Tidak diketahui

Pengepungan Akko (juga disebut Kejatuhan Akko) terjadi pada 1291 dan mengakibatkan kekalahan kota Akko yang dikuasai Tentara Salib atas Mamluk. Peristiwa tersebut dianggap menjadi salah satu pertempuran paling berpengaruh pada masa itu.

Referensi

^ Daunou; Émeric-David; Lajard, Félix; Paris, Paulin; Le Clerc, Victor; Fauriel (1842). Didot frères, Firmin; Treuttel; Wurtz, ed. Histoire littéraire de la France (dalam bahasa Prancis). 20. Paris: Imprimerie nationale. hlm. 83.
^ ^a ^b Folda (2005), pp. 485
^ Nicolle (2005), pp. 39

Daftar pustaka

Asili, B. (1992). Al-Zahir Baibars and the End of the Old Crusades. Beirut: Dar Alnafaes.
Claster, Jill N. (2009). Sacred Violence: The European Crusades to the Middle East, 1095-1396. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9781442604308.
Folda, Jaroslav (2005). Crusader Art in the Holy Land, From the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521835831.
Nicolle, David (2005). Acre 1291: Bloody sunset of the Crusader states. Osprey Publishing.
Runciman, Steven (1951). A History of the Crusades. Cambridge University Press.
The 'Templar of Tyre': Part III of the 'Deeds of the Cypriots'. Diterjemahkan oleh Crawford, Paul. Ashgate. 2003. ISBN 9781840146189.

Bacaan tambahan

Antonio Musarra, Acri 1291. La caduta degli stati crociati, Bologna, il Mulino, 2017.
Siege of Acre 1291
The history of the crusades, Volume 3, pp 70–89 (Google Books, full view), by Joseph François Michaud, trans. William Robson. Note that in this account Acre is referred to as "Ptolemaïs", Sultan Qalawun as "Kalouan" and Khalil as "Chalil" and throughout the work Muslims are referred to as "Mussulmans". Several contemporary manuscripts, such as the chronicles of Ibn Ferat, are referenced and appendices give some translations.
The Crusades by Edward Gibbon (1963), pp. 76–78, provides a useful short summary of the events of the siege including an overview of the situation in Acre at the time.

[1] Daunou; Émeric-David; Lajard, Félix; Paris, Paulin; Le Clerc, Victor; Fauriel (1842). Didot frères, Firmin; Treuttel; Wurtz, ed. Histoire littéraire de la France (dalam bahasa Prancis). 20. Paris: Imprimerie nationale. hlm. 83.

[Folda_485-2] Folda (2005), pp. 485

[Nicolle,_p._39-3] Nicolle (2005), pp. 39

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