Kompleks militer–industri (bahasa Inggris: Military–industrial complex; MIC), atau kompleks militer–industri–kongres,[1] terdiri dari hubungan kebijakan dan moneter yang terbentuk antara pembuat kebijakan, angkatan bersenjata nasional, dan industri senjata yang menopang keberadaan mereka. Hubungan ini meliputi sumbangan politik, persetujuan belanja militer, lobi untuk mendukung birokrasi, dan pengawasan terhadap industri senjata. Kompleks militer–industri merupakan contoh segitiga besi. Istilah ini sering digunakan untuk menyebut sistem di balik militer Amerika Serikat. Istilah ini mulai populer setelah Presiden Dwight D. Eisenhower menggunakannya dalam pidato perpisahannya tanggal 17 Januari 1961.[2] Akan tetapi, istilah ini berlaku juga untuk negara manapun dengan infrastruktur yang sama majunya dengan Amerika Serikat.[3][4] Pada tahun 2011, belanja militer Amerika Serikat lebih besar daripada gabungan belanja militer 13 negara di bawahnya.[5]
Definisi serupa awalnya dikemukakan oleh Daniel Guérin dalam bukunya, Fascism and Big Business (1936), tentang dukungan pemerintah fasis terhadap industri alat berat. Istilah ini dapat didefinisikan sebagai "koalisi kelompok tak resmi dan berubah-ubah yang memiliki kepentingan psikologis, moral, dan material terhadap kelangsungan pengembangan dan pengelolaan senjata canggih, perlindungan pasar kolonial, dan urusan dalam negeri yang strategis secara militer."[7] Contoh fenomena ini dipaparkan dalam buku Behemoth: The Structure and Practice of National Socialism (1942) karya Franz Leopold Neumann; buku tersebut menjelaskan bagaimana Nazisme berkuasa di negara yang demokratis.
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^Pursell, C. (1972). The military–industrial complex. Harper & Row Publishers, New York, New York.
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Eisenhower, Dwight D. "Farewell Address." In The Annals of America. Vol. 18. 1961–1968: The Burdens of World Power, 1–5. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1968.
Johnson, Chalmers The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic, New York: Metropolitan Books, 2004
Kurth, James. "Military–Industrial Complex." In The Oxford Companion to American Military History, ed. John Whiteclay Chambers II, 440–2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
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McDougall, Walter A., ...The Heavens and the Earth: A Political History of the Space Age, Basic Books, 1985, (Pulitzer Prize for History) ISBN 0-8018-5748-1
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Mills, C Wright, The Power Elite. New York, 1956.
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Patterson, Walter C., The Plutonium Business and the Spread of the Bomb, Sierra Club, 1984, ISBN 0-87156-837-3
Pasztor, Andy, When the Pentagon Was for Sale: Inside America's Biggest Defense Scandal, Scribner, 1995, ISBN 0-684-19516-X
Pierre, Andrew J., The Global Politics of Arms Sales. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1982.
Sampson, Anthony, The Arms Bazaar: From Lebanon to Lockheed. New York: Bantam Books, 1977.
St. Clair, Jeffery, Grand Theft Pentagon: Tales of Corruption and Profiteering in the War on Terror, Common Courage Press (July 1, 2005).
Sweetman, Bill, "In search of the Pentagon's billion dollar hidden budgets—how the US keeps its R&D spending under wraps", from Jane's International Defence Review, online
Thorpe, Rebecca U. The American Warfare State: The Domestic Politics of Military Spending. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.
Watry, David M. Diplomacy at the Brink: Eisenhower, Churchill, and Eden in the Cold War. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2014.
Weinberger, Sharon. Imaginary Weapons. New York: Nation Books, 2006.
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