Ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi Dinasti Han

Lampu minyak perunggu yang bersepuh dari abad ke-2 SM, ditemukan di makam Dou Wan, istri Pangeran Liu Sheng (meninggal 113 SM). Lampu minyak berbentuk hamba wanita ini memiliki penutup yang bisa dipakai untuk menyesuaikan arah dan kecerahan cahaya, dan pada saat yang sama juga memerangkap asap di dalam benda ini.[1][2]

Dinasti Han (206 SM – 220 M) di Tiongkok telah berhasil mencapai berbagai kemajuan teknologi, contohnya adalah pembuatan baja dan besi tempa dengan metode penempaan finery forge. Orang Han juga sudah bisa mengebor lubang yang dalam untuk mengambil air garam yang kemudian diuapkan untuk menghasilkan garam.

Dalam bidang matematika, orang Han telah menemukan konsep akar kuadrat, akar pangkat tiga, teorema Pythagoras, eliminasi Gauss, dan bilangan negatif.

Pada masa Han juga terdapat seorang cendekiawan yang bernama Zhang Heng yang dikenal sebagai pembuat seismometer yang dapat mendeteksi gempa bumi yang terjadi ratusan kilometer jauhnya. Selain itu, ia pernah membuat bola armiler yang merepresentasikan pergerakan benda-benda langit dalam ranah tiga dimensi. Ia menghasilkan gerak rotasi pada bola tersebut dengan menggunakan jam air dan roda air.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Ebrey 1999, hlm. 66.
  2. ^ Wang 1982, hlm. 100.

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