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Gamera (Jepang: ガメラ, Hepburn: Gamera) adalah sebuah monster fiksi, atau kaiju, yang berasal dari seri film Jepang. Gamera debut dalam film tahun 1965 Gamera, the Giant Monster. Karakter dan film perdana tersebut ditujukan untuk bersaing dengan kesuksesan seri film Godzilla karya Toho. Sejak itu, Gamera menjadi ikon Jepang atas haknya sendiri, tampil dalam total 12 film yang diproduksi oleh Daiei Film dan kemudian Kadokawa Daiei Studio, serta berbagai media.
Gamera digambarkan sebagai monster kura-kura prasejarah bernapas api raksasa yang bermutasi akibat ledakan senjata nuklir. Dalam film perdananya, Gamera digambarkan agresif dan merusak, meskipun ia juga menyelamatkan anak-anak.
Referensi
Daftar pustaka
- Barr, Jason (2016). The Kaiju Film: A Critical Study of Cinema's Biggest Monsters. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0786499632.
- Bogue, Mike (2017). Apocalypse Then: American and Japanese Atomic Cinema 1951-1967. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1476668413.
- Bolton, Christopher; Csicsery-Ronay Jr., Istvan; Tatsumi, Takayuki (2007). Robot Ghosts and Wired Dreams. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0816649747.
- Chung, Hye Seung; Diffrient, David Scott (2015). Movie Migrations: Transnational Genre Flows and South Korean Cinema (New Directions in International Studies). Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0813569970.
- Craig, Rob (2019). American International Pictures: A Comprehensive Filmography. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1476666310.
- Di Giorgio, Davide; Gigante, Andrea; Gordiano, Lupi (2012). Godzilla: Il re Dei Mostri - Il Sauro Radioattivo di Honda e Tsuburaya (dalam bahasa Italia). Associazione Culturale Il Foglio. ISBN 978-8876063510.
- Goldweber, David Elroy (2015). Claws & Saucers: Science Fiction, Horror, and Fantasy Film 1902-1982: A Complete Guide. Lulu Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1312288034.
- Galbraith IV, Stuart (1996). The Japanese Filmography: A Complete Reference to 209 Filmmakers and the Over 1250 Films Released in the United States, 1900 through 1994. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0786400324.
- Galbraith IV, Stuart (2008). The Toho Studios Story: A History and Complete Filmography. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810860049.
- Frédéric, Louis (2002). Japan Encyclopedia (Harvard University Press Reference Library). Diterjemahkan oleh Roth, Käthe. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674007703.
- Kalat, David (2010). A Critical History and Filmography of Toho's Godzilla Series - Second Edition. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0786447497.
- McKee, Gabriel (2007). The Gospel According to Science Fiction: From the Twilight Zone to the Final Frontier. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0664229016.
- Morgan, Chris (2015). The Comic Galaxy of Mystery Science Theater 3000: Twelve Classic Episodes and the Movies They Lampoon. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0786496785.
- Padula, Derek (2015). Dragon Ball Culture Volume 2: Adventure. ASIN B00S89R1YI.
- Ragone, August (2010). Gamera, the Giant Monster Audio Commentary (DVD). Shout! Factory.
- Rhoads, Sean; McCorkle, Brooke (2018). Japan's Green Monsters: Environmental Commentary in Kaiju Cinema. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1476663906.
- Gamera Preservation Project (2010). A Retrospective Look Back at Gamera (DVD). Shout! Factory.
- Kusakari, Ken'ichi; Kurajō, Saki (April 20, 1999). ガメラ3 邪神＜イリス＞覚醒超全集 [Gamera 3: Revenge of Iris Super Complete Works] (dalam bahasa Japanese). Shogakukan. ISBN 4-09-101468-2.
- Mamiya, Naohiko (May 20, 2006). 「小さき勇者たち～ガメラ～」超全集 [Gamera the Brave Super Complete Works] (dalam bahasa Japanese). Shogakukan. ISBN 4-09-105108-1.
Sumber
- Ragone, August; Varney, Jason (2010). Gamera vs. Barugon Audio Commentary (DVD). Shout! Factory.
- Ragone, August (2020). Introduction by August Ragone (Blu-ray). Arrow Video. ASIN B084Z13QYD.
Pranala luar
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