Santo Brendan dari Clonfert adalah salah satu santo biara awal Irlandia.[1] Ia lahir pada 484 di Ciarraighe Luachra, provinsi Munster, daerah barat laut Irlandia.[1] Ia dibaptis di Tubrid, dekat Ardfert dan ditahbiskan menjadi pastor pada 512.[1] Di antara 512 hingga 530, ia membangun sebuah biara di kaki Gunung Randon.[1] Setelah biara tersebut selesai dibangun, ia melakukan perjalanan selama tujuh tahun untuk mencari Surga.[1] Dalam Navigatio, diceritakan bahwa ia melakukan perjalanan beserta dengan beberapa rahib lainnya untuk mencari terra repromissionis sanctorum ("Tanah Perjanjian Bagi Para Santo" atau juga disebut sebagai "Surga di Bumi").[2] Setelah itu, ia melakukan perjalanan ke Wales, lalu ke Iona sebelum kembali lagi ke Irlandia dan membangun sebuah biara di Annaghdown, tempat ia menghabiskan sisa hidupnya di sana.[1] Sebelum kematiannya pada 577, karena khawatir jasadnya kelak dijadikan relikui oleh para pengikutnya, ia sudah merencanakan agar jasadnya dibawa secara diam-diam ke biara yang ia bangun di Clonfert dengan menggunakan kereta barang serta dimakamkan di sana.[3]
Referensi
^ abcdef(Inggris)John Logan Allen.1997.North American Exploration: A New World Disclosed. Volume: 1.University of Nebraska Press.
^John D. Anderson.The Classical Journal, Vol. 83, No. 4 (Apr. - May, 1988). hlm 315-322
Ó Donnchadha, Gearóid. St Brendan of Kerry, the Navigator. His Life & Voyages. OPEN AIR 2004 ISBN1-85182-871-0
Meijer, Reinder. Literature of the Low Countries: A Short History of Dutch Literature in the Netherlands and Belgium. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1971.
Sumber pertama
Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis (Latin):
trans. J.F. Webb in The Age of Bede, ed. D. H. Farmer (Harmondsworth, 1983)
ed. Carl Selmer, Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis (South Bend, IN, 1959)
trans. John O‟Meara and Jonathan Wooding, in The Voyage of Saint Brendan: Representative Versions of the Legend in English Translation, ed. W.R.J. Barron and Glyn S. Burgess (Exeter, 2002).
ed. and tr. G. Orlandi - R.E. Guglielmetti, Navigatio sancti Brendani. Alla scoperta dei segreti meravigliosi del mondo (Firenze, 2014).
The First Irish Life of St Brendan
ed. and tr. Whitley Stokes, Lives of Saints from the Book of Lismore. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series 5. Oxford, 1890. pp. 99–116, 247–61. Based on the Book of Lismore copy.
ed. and tr. Denis O’Donoghue, Brendaniana. St Brendan the Voyager in Story and Legend. Dublin, 1893. Partial edition and translation, based on the Book of Lismore as well as copies in Paris BNF celtique et basque 1 and BL Egerton 91.
The Second Irish Life of St Brendan (conflated with the Navigatio). Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique 4190–4200 (transcript by Mícheál Ó Cléirigh)
ed. and tr. Charles Plummer, Bethada náem nÉrenn. Lives of the Irish saints. Oxford: Clarendon, 1922. Vol. 1. pp. 44–95; vol. 2, 44–92.
Voyage of St Brendan (Anglo-Norman)
The Anglo-Norman Voyage of St Brendan, ed. Brian Merrilees and Ian Short (Manchester, 1979)
The Anglo-Norman Voyage of St Brendan by Benedeit, ed. E.G. Waters (Oxford, 1928)
Benedeit – Le Voyage de Saint Brandan, ed. and transl. into German Ernstpeter Ruhe (München, 1977)
Transl. in The Voyage of Saint Brendan: Representative Versions of the Legend in English Translation, ed. W.R.J. Barron and Glyn S. Burgess (Exeter, 2002)
Bacaan selanjutnya
Bray, Dorothy, "Allegory in the Navigatio Sancti Brendani", Viator 26 (1995), 1–10.
Burgess, Glyn S, and Clara Strijbosch, The Legend of St Brendan: A Critical Bibliography (Dublin, 2000)
Chapman, Paul H., The Man who Led Columbus to America (Atlanta, Ga.: Judson Press, 1973)
Dumville, David, "Two Approaches to the Dating of Nauigatio Sancti Brendani", Studi medievali, third s. 29 (1988), 87–102
Esposito, M., "An Apocryphal Book of Enoch and Elias as a Possible Source for the Navigatio Sancti Brendani", Celtica 5 (1960), 192–206
Gardiner, Eileen, Visions of Heaven and Hell Before Dante (New York: Italica Press, 1989), pp. 81–127, provides an English translation of the Latin text of the Voyage of St Brendan.
Iannello, Fausto, Jasconius rivelato. Studio comparativo del simbolismo religioso dell' "isola-balena" nella Navigatio sancti Brendani (Alessandria: Edizioni dell'Orso, 2013)
Illingworth, Robin N., "The Structure of the Anglo-Norman Voyage of St Brendan by Benedeit," Medium Aevum 55:2 (1986), 217–29
Jones, Robin F., "The Mechanics of Meaning in the Anglo-Norman Voyage of Saint Brendan," Romanic Review 71:2 (1980), 105–13
Moult, D. Pochin, "St Brendan: Celtic Vision and Romance,‟ in Ireland of the Saints (London, 1953), pp. 153–70
Ritchie, R. L. G., "The Date of The Voyage of St Brendan‟, Medium Aevum 19 (1950), 64–6
Sobecki, Sebastian, "From the désert liquide to the Sea of Romance – Benedeit's Voyage de saint Brandan and the Irish immrama", Neophilologus 87:2 (2003), 193–207
Sobecki, Sebastian, The Sea and Medieval English Literature (Cambridge: 2008)
Wooding, Jonathan, "St Brendan's Boat: Dead Hides and the Living Sea in Columban and Related Hagiography‟, in Studies in Irish Hagiography: Saints and Scholars, eds John Carey, Máire Herbert and Pádraig Ó Riain (Dublin, 2001), pp. 77–92
Wooding, Jonathan, The Otherworld Voyage in Early Irish Literature (Dublin, 2000).
Wooding, Jonathan, "The medieval and early modern cult of St Brendan," in Boardman, Steve, John Reuben Davies, Eila Williamson (eds), Saints' Cults in the Celtic World (Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 2009) (Studies in Celtic History),
Murray, K. Sarah-Jane, "The Wave Cry, The Wind Cry," in From Plato to Lancelot (Syracuse University Press, 2008).
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