Bangsa tanpa negara

Bangsa tak bernegara adalah sebuah kelompok etnis atau bangsa yang tak mendirikan negaranya sendiri^[1] dan bukan merupakan penduduk mayoritas dalam negara bangsa manapun.^[2] Istilah "tak bernegara" menandakan bahwa kelompok tersebut "harus memiliki" sebuah negara.^[3]^[4] Para anggota bangsa tak bernegara dapat menjadi warna negara dimana mereka tinggal, atau mereka menolak kewarganegaraan dari negara tersebut. Bangsa tak bernegara biasanya tak terwakili dalam olahraga internasional atau organisasi internasional seperti Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa. Bangsa tanpa negara diklasifikasikan sebagai bangsa-bangsa dunia keempat.^[5]^[6]^[7] Beberapa bangsa tak bernegara memiliki sejarah bernegara, beberapa seringkali menjadi bangsa tak bernegara, yang dikuasai oleh bangsa lainnya.

Catatan

Referensi

^ Dictionary Of Public Administration, U.C. Mandal, Sarup & Sons 2007, 505 p.
^ Frank L. Kidner; Maria Bucur; Ralph Mathisen; Sally McKee; Theodore R. Weeks (2013), Making Europe: The Story of the West, Volume II: Since 1550, Cengage Learning, hlm. 668, ISBN 978-1-285-50027-0
^ Osborne, Louise; Russell, Ruby (27 December 2015). "Stateless in Europe: 'We are no people with no nation'". Diakses tanggal 28 December 2018.
^ Chouinard, Stéphanie (2016), "Stateless nations", dalam Karl Cordell; Stefan Wolff, The Routledge Handbook of Ethnic Conflict, Routledge, hlm. 54–66, ISBN 9781317518921
^ David Newman, Boundaries, Territory and Postmodernity
^ Ethnic Minority Media: An International Perspective, Stephen Harold Riggins, 217p.
^ Language in Geographic Context, Colin H. Williams, 39p.

Sumber

Keating, Michael (2001), Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland (edisi ke-Second), Palgrave
Levinson, David, ed. (1998), Ethnic Groups Worldwide: A Ready Reference Handbook, Phoenix, AZ: The Oryx Press, ISBN 978-1-57356-019-1
Minahan, James, ed. (2002), Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World, Westport: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-31617-3, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-08-03, diakses tanggal 2021-03-30
Bodlore-Penlaez, Mikael, ed. (2011), Atlas of Stateless Nations in Europe, minority peoples in search of recognition, Ceredigion: Y Lolfa, ISBN 978-1-84771-379-7
Duany, Jorge (2008). "Nation on the move: the construction of cultural identities in Puerto Rico and the diaspora". American Ethnologist. Wiley. 27 (1): 5–30. doi:10.1525/ae.2000.27.1.5. ISSN 0094-0496.

Pranala luar

Map of European Stateless Nations, published by the advocacy group Eurominority
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities

[auto-1] Dictionary Of Public Administration, U.C. Mandal, Sarup & Sons 2007, 505 p.

[auto1-2] Frank L. Kidner; Maria Bucur; Ralph Mathisen; Sally McKee; Theodore R. Weeks (2013), Making Europe: The Story of the West, Volume II: Since 1550, Cengage Learning, hlm. 668, ISBN 978-1-285-50027-0

[3] Osborne, Louise; Russell, Ruby (27 December 2015). "Stateless in Europe: 'We are no people with no nation'". Diakses tanggal 28 December 2018.

[Nimni-4] Chouinard, Stéphanie (2016), "Stateless nations", dalam Karl Cordell; Stefan Wolff, The Routledge Handbook of Ethnic Conflict, Routledge, hlm. 54–66, ISBN 9781317518921

[5] David Newman, Boundaries, Territory and Postmodernity

[6] Ethnic Minority Media: An International Perspective, Stephen Harold Riggins, 217p.

[7] Language in Geographic Context, Colin H. Williams, 39p.

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