Hello! My name is Natasha, and I'm an editor in the United States. My interests include:

• Operations Research
• Computational and Applied Mathematics
• Mathematical Economics
• Economic Development and Human Capital
• Globalization
• Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
  

Userboxes This user participates in WikiProject Economics. This user is a participant in WikiProject International development.

• Spatial Inequality

This section contains my current ideas for article edits and related thoughts.

Spatial inequality refers to the unequal distribution of resources and disparities in per capita income across geographical regions and local communities. At the moment, the Wikipedia article for this topic does not reflect the scope of academic literature currently available. Furthermore, The article currently does not have any concrete real-world examples of spatial inequality, and does not reference any specific nations or geographical regions to illustrate the issue at hand. I would like to expand on this article by adding some essential sections that will connect to economic development, urbanization, rural development, etc.

A tentative (and ambitious) outline of possible sections to add:

1. Determinants
   • Natural Resources and Geographical Features
   • Urbanization and Economies of Agglomeration
   • Regional Infrastructure
   • Investment Choices, Trade, and Migration
2. Forms
   • Labor and Income Inequalities
   • Social, Racial, and Ethnic Inequalities
   • Access to Healthcare and Education
3. Measurement
   • Output and Productivity
   • Social Indicators
   • Empirical Challenges
4. See Also
   • Related Concepts
   • Further Reading

Some academic sources which might be useful for this:

1.  Kanbur, & Venables, A. (2005). Spatial inequality and development / edited by Ravi Kanbur and Anthony J. Venables. Oxford University Press.
2.  Lobao, Hooks, G., & Tickamyer, A. R. (2007). The sociology of spatial inequality / edited by Linda M. Lobao, Gregory Hooks, Ann R. Tickamyer. State University of New York Press.
3. Israel, & Frenkel, A. (2018). Social justice and spatial inequality: Toward a conceptual framework. Progress in Human Geography, 42(5), 647–665. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132517702969
4. Boulant, Brezzi, M., & Veneri, P. (2016). Income Levels And Inequality in Metropolitan Areas A Comparative Approach in OECD Countries / Justine Boulant, Monica Brezzi and Paolo Veneri. In Income Levels And Inequality in Metropolitan Areas A Comparative Approach in OECD Countries. OECD Publishing.
5. Spatial inequalities: across states or between rural and urban areas? (2017). In OECD Economic Surveys: India 2017 (pp. 141–142). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/eco_surveys-ind-2017-8-en
6. Ahimah-Agyakwah, Nketiah-Amponsah, E., & Agyire-Tettey, F. (2022). Urbanization and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from dynamic panel data analysis of selected urbanizing countries. Cogent Economics & Finance, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2109282
7. Lall, & Chakravorty, S. (2005). Industrial Location and Spatial Inequality: Theory and Evidence from India. Review of Development Economics, 9(1), 47–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2005.00263.x
8. Sun, Hu, X., & Xie, J. (2021). Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England. The Science of the Total Environment, 758, 143595–. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143595
9. Banerjee, Abhijit V., and Esther Duflo. Poor Economics: Rethinking Poverty and the Ways to End It. India: Random House India, 2013
10. Krugman, P. (1991). Increasing Returns and Economic Geography. In The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 99, No. 3, pp. 483–499.
11. Romero, J., & Schwartzman, F. (2018). Inequality in and across Cities. No. 18-10. Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Brief.

Rural economics is a field of study that examines the economic development of rural communities. At the moment, the Wikipedia article for this topic is very underdeveloped. I would like to add some structure to the article by creating sections based on the foundational principles and ideas of the field. I’d also like to connect the content of this article to existing Wikipedia pages on economic development, agricultural and family economics, human capabilities, etc.

Some academic sources which might be useful for this:

1. Carver, T. N. (1911). Principles of Rural Economics. Ginn.
2. Banerjee, Abhijit V., and Esther Duflo. Poor Economics: Rethinking Poverty and the Ways to End It. India: Random House India, 2013.
3. Oakley, & Marsden, D. (1984). Approaches to participation in rural development / Peter Oakley and David Marsden. Published on behalf of the ACC Task Force on Rural Development [by the] International Labour Office.
4. Nussbaum. (2011). Creating capabilities : the human development approach / Martha C. Nussbaum. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
5. Andersson Djurfeldt, Mawunyo Dzanku, F., & Isinika, A. C. (2018). Agriculture, Diversification, and Gender in Rural Africa: Longitudinal Perspectives from Six Countries. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799283.001.0001
6. Ma, & Abdulai, A. (2019). IPM adoption, cooperative membership and farm economic performance: Insight from apple farmers in China. China Agricultural Economic Review, 11(2), 218–236. https://doi.org/10.1108/CAER-12-2017-0251
7. Lalani, Dorward, P., & Holloway, G. (2017). Farm-level Economic Analysis - Is Conservation Agriculture Helping the Poor? Ecological Economics, 141, 144–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.05.033
8. Biswas, Anwar, M., Stillman, L., & Oliver, G. (2022). Understanding Information and Communication Opportunities and Challenges for Rural Women Through the Sustainable Livelihood Framework. In Information for a Better World: Shaping the Global Future (pp. 175–191). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96960-8_12
9.  Understanding rural economies. (2016). In OECD Regional Outlook 2016 (pp. 139–177). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264260245-6-en
10. Zheng. (2021). Influence of Big Data Development on Regional Rural Economic Growth. In Cyber Security Intelligence and Analytics (pp. 526–532). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70042-3_76