DOSEN PROFIL LENGKAP

transfer RNA (tRNA), microRNA (miRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA), tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA)...

RNA for the purpose of gene expression. Some segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins, called messenger RNA (mRNA)...

Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in...

The RNA world is a hypothetical stage in the evolutionary history of life on Earth in which self-replicating RNA molecules proliferated before the evolution...

In molecular biology, RNA polymerase (abbreviated RNAP or RNApol), or more specifically DNA-directed/dependent RNA polymerase (DdRP), is an enzyme that...

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) or RNA replicase is an enzyme that catalyzes the replication of RNA from an RNA template. Specifically, it catalyzes...

RNA or rna in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is a family of large biological molecules. RNA or rna may also refer to: RNA...

RNA virus is a virus characterized by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) based genome. The genome can be single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) or double-stranded (dsRNA)...

ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules, microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), are central to components to the RNAi pathway. Once mRNA is degraded,...

Guide RNA (gRNA) or single guide RNA (sgRNA) is a short sequence of RNA that guides a CRISPR-associated protein to its nucleic acid sequence target by...

transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in...

RNA polymerase II (RNAP II and Pol II) is a multiprotein complex that transcribes DNA into precursors of messenger RNA (mRNA) and most small nuclear RNA...

mRNA transcripts, RNA-Seq can look at different populations of RNA to include total RNA, small RNA, such as miRNA, tRNA, and ribosomal profiling. RNA-Seq...

cells, RNA polymerase III (also called Pol III) is a protein that transcribes DNA to synthesize 5S ribosomal RNA, tRNA, and other small RNAs. The genes...

also some non-coding RNAs (e.g., snRNAs, snoRNAs or long non-coding RNAs). RNA polymerase III transcribes 5S rRNA, transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and some small...

reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates...

encodes a protein (if it is an mRNA) or forms a 'structural' RNA, such as a transfer RNA (tRNA) or ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule. Each region of the DNA...

Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA), formerly referred to as soluble ribonucleic acid (sRNA), is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides...

virions, consisting of (i) genetic material, i.e., long molecules of DNA or RNA that encode the structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a...

RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger...

transfer RNA (tRNA) anticodon sequences to mRNA codons. The tRNAs carry specific amino acids that are chained together into a polypeptide as the mRNA passes...

complementary strands from which messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized by the viral enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). During replication of the...

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). If the sugar is ribose, the polymer is RNA; if the sugar is deoxyribose, a variant of ribose,...

acid (or circRNA) is a type of single-stranded RNA which, unlike linear RNA, forms a covalently closed continuous loop. In circular RNA, the 3' and 5'...

RNA velocity is a way of measuring the changes in gene expression. It is derived from ratio of spliced to unspliced RNA in the cell over time. Monitoring...

RNA polymerase I (also known as Pol I) is the polymerase that transcribes ribosomal RNA, which accounts for over 50% of the total RNA synthesized in a...

An RNA helicase is an enzyme that unwinds RNA. The unwinding is powered by the helicase's hydrolysis of ATP. RNA helicases are involved holistically in...

Z-RNA is a left-handed alternative conformation for the RNA double helix. Just like for Z-DNA, Z-RNA is favored by a sequence composed of Purine/Pyrimidine...

RNA activation (RNAa) is a small RNA-guided and Argonaute (Ago)-dependent gene regulation phenomenon in which promoter-targeted short double-stranded RNAs...

messenger RNA (mRNA). During translation, the ribosome decodes successive codons in an mRNA molecule and, with the aid of transfer RNA (tRNA), links amino...

Preribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) is the precursor to mature ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which is a component of ribosomes. Pre-rRNA is first transcribed from ribosomal...

interfering RNA (siRNA) and micro RNA (miRNA) to prevent mRNA translation and/or degrade mRNA. Small activating RNA (saRNA) represents a novel class of RNA therapeutics...

RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist, HOTAIR, and MALAT1...

as microRNAs. RNA silencing may also be defined as sequence-specific regulation of gene expression triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). RNA silencing...

Chimeric RNA, sometimes referred to as a fusion transcript, is composed of exons from two or more different genes that have the potential to encode novel...

A retrovirus is a virus that inserts a DNA copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell....

An mRNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that uses a copy of a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce an immune response. The vaccine delivers molecules...

sugars, amino acids for protein metabolism, and the nucleic acids DNA and RNA for heredity. A theory of abiogenesis must explain the origins and interactions...

Micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA, miRNA, μRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21–23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals...

RNA origami is the nanoscale folding of RNA, enabling the RNA to create particular shapes to organize these molecules. It is a new method that was developed...

double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase enzyme family are encoded by the ADAR family genes. ADAR stands for adenosine deaminase acting on RNA. This article...

information within a biological system. It is often stated as "DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes protein", although this is not its original meaning. It was first...

word "infection." Genetic material (such as supercoiled plasmid DNA or siRNA constructs), may be transfected. Transfection of animal cells typically involves...

Rsa RNAs are non-coding RNAs found in the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The shared name comes from their discovery, and does not imply homology. Bioinformatics...

well as stability of RNAs, and has been linked with human diseases. RNA editing has been observed in some tRNA, rRNA, mRNA, or miRNA molecules of eukaryotes...

16S ribosomal RNA (or 16S rRNA) is the RNA component of the 30S subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome (SSU rRNA). It binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence...

either RNA or DNA genomes) that encode an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), also called RNA replicase, produces RNA (ribonucleic...

21U-RNAs are microRNA molecules 21 nucleotides long found in nematodes such as Caenorhabditis elegans. They begin with a 5' uridine. The remaining 20...

(tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and small interfering RNA (siRNA); other non-coding RNAs (sometimes described as "junk RNA") have no known...

Viroids are small single-stranded, circular RNAs that are infectious pathogens. Unlike viruses, they have no protein coating. All known viroids are inhabitants...

order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA), using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The...

biology, the SR1 RNA is a small RNA (sRNA) produced by species of Bacillus and closely related bacteria. It is a dual-function RNA which acts both as...

Transfer-messenger RNA (abbreviated tmRNA, also known as 10Sa RNA and by its genetic name SsrA) is a bacterial RNA molecule with dual tRNA-like and messenger RNA-like...

ncRNAs from small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs)...

The suite is composed by alteRNA, for RNA density fold computing, inteRNA, for RNA-RNA interaction prediction, piRNA, for predicting the joint partition...

U5:AUG regions of the gRNA participate in extensive base pairing. RNA can also be processed to produce mature messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In most cases, this...

competing endogenous RNAs (abbreviated ceRNAs) regulate other RNA transcripts by competing for shared microRNAs (miRNAs). Models for ceRNA regulation describe...

RNA journal may refer to: RNA (journal), a Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press scientific journal RNA Biology, a Landes Bioscience scientific journal...

An RNA motif is a description of a group of RNAs that have a related structure. RNA motifs consist of a pattern of features within the primary sequence...

GlycoRNAs are small non-coding RNAs with sialylated glycans. Glycans mediate inter- and intramolecular interactions by adding polysaccharide chains onto...

Y RNAs are small non-coding RNAs. They are components of the Ro60 ribonucleoprotein particle which is a target of autoimmune antibodies in patients with...

RNA-binding proteins (often abbreviated as RBPs) are proteins that bind to the double or single stranded RNA in cells and participate in forming ribonucleoprotein...

RNA biology may refer to: For the scientific journal, see RNA Biology. For ribonucleic acid, see RNA. This disambiguation page lists articles associated...

Small RNA (sRNA) are polymeric RNA molecules that are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and are usually non-coding. RNA silencing is often a function...

identify individual RNA molecules in a heterogeneous RNA sample extracted from cells. The technique can identify one or more RNA molecules of known sequence...

structural RNA (transfer (tRNA), ribosomal (rRNA), small nuclear (snRNA), and small nucleolar (snoRNA)), and present in messenger RNA (mRNA), across the...

ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary...

(ribonucleic acid enzymes) are RNA molecules that have the ability to catalyze specific biochemical reactions, including RNA splicing in gene expression...

University, that engages users to solve puzzles related to the folding of RNA molecules. The project is supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation...

transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream of the promoter. The RNA transcript may encode a protein (mRNA), or can have a function...

Mature messenger RNA, often abbreviated as mature mRNA is a eukaryotic RNA transcript that has been spliced and processed and is ready for translation...

base pairs of DNA and 600 million mRNA bases. Usually, a mix of millions of cells is used in sequencing the DNA or RNA using traditional methods like Sanger...

sequence microRNAs, also called miRNAs. miRNA-seq differs from other forms of RNA-seq in that input material is often enriched for small RNAs. miRNA-seq allows...

Numerous key discoveries in biology have emerged from studies of RNA (ribonucleic acid), including seminal work in the fields of biochemistry, genetics...

RNA (mRNA) and can be directly translated into viral proteins by the host cell's ribosomes. Positive-strand RNA viruses encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase...

levels. Using single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) fragments, such as microRNA (miRNA), or double-stranded small interfering RNA (siRNA), the complex functions as...

RNA hydrolysis is a reaction in which a phosphodiester bond in the sugar-phosphate backbone of RNA is broken, cleaving the RNA molecule. RNA is susceptible...

protein. Other types of RNA include ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). These types are transcribed by RNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase III, respectively...

DNA double helix and contribute to the folded structure of both DNA and RNA. Dictated by specific hydrogen bonding patterns, "Watson–Crick" (or...

Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is a class of small RNA molecules that are found within the splicing speckles and Cajal bodies of the cell nucleus in eukaryotic...

two small RNAs—crRNA and tracrRNA—to form a four-component complex. In 2012, Doudna and Charpentier fused the RNAs into a single-guide RNA, enabling Cas9...

RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells. It consists...

contributions to RNA biology. Weissman is the inaugural Roberts Family Professor in Vaccine Research, director of the Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, and...

The target of Sar RNA is ant mRNA. Structurally, Sar RNA forms two stem-loops. Schaefer KL, McClure WR (February 1997). "Antisense RNA control of gene expression...

RNA extraction is the purification of RNA from biological samples. This procedure is complicated by the ubiquitous presence of ribonuclease enzymes in...

16S rRNA pseudouridine516 synthase (EC 5.4.99.19, 16S RNA pseudouridine516 synthase, 16S PsiI516 synthase, 16S RNA Psi516 synthase, RNA pseudouridine synthase...

of siRNAs in the suppression of gene expressions, and to the identification of targets for regulatory RNAs, particularly microRNAs. The core RNA...

Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA), also termed self-replicating RNA (srRNA), is a type of mRNA molecule engineered to replicate itself within host cells, enhancing...

Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) represent a class of relatively long non-coding RNA molecules (50–2000 nucleotides) transcribed from the DNA sequence of enhancer...

(CE) is an enzyme that catalyzes the attachment of the 5' cap to messenger RNA molecules that are in the process of being synthesized in the cell nucleus...

RNA-based evolution is a theory that posits that RNA is not merely an intermediate between the Watson and Crick model of the DNA molecule and proteins...

An L-ribonucleic acid aptamer (L-RNA aptamer, trade name Spiegelmer) is an RNA-like molecule built from L-ribose units. It is an artificial oligonucleotide...

polymerase adds nucleotides after binding to the RNA primer and synthesizes the whole strand. Later, the RNA strands must be removed accurately and replaced...

Exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs (xrRNAs) are structured viral RNA elements that block 5′→3′ degradation by host exoribonucleases such as Xrn1. This resistance...

its RNA transcripts. The information content of an organism is recorded in the DNA of its genome and expressed through transcription. Here, mRNA serves...

for the different types of RNA are listed and explained. List of cis-regulatory RNA elements RNA: Types of RNA Non-coding RNA Gribaldo S, Brochier-Armanet...

RNA recognition motif, RNP-1 is a putative RNA-binding domain of about 90 amino acids that are known to bind single-stranded RNAs. It was found in many...

reverse transcribed (via reverse transcriptase) from an RNA (e.g., messenger RNA or microRNA). cDNA exists in both single-stranded and double-stranded...

processing of ribosomal RNA and the degradation of messenger RNA and is regulated by Non-coding RNA. It contains the proteins RNA helicase B, RNase E and...

The HgcE RNA (also known as Pf3 RNA) gene is a non-coding RNA that was identified computationally and experimentally verified in AT-rich hyperthermophiles...

are examples of macromolecules. Common macromolecules are biopolymers (RNA and DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates), polyolefins (polyethylene) and polyamides...

used to study nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA extraction Phenol–chloroform extraction Minicolumn purification RNA extraction Boom method Synchronous coefficient...

Small Cajal body-specific RNAs (scaRNAs) are a class of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) that specifically localise to the Cajal body, a nuclear organelle...

Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of double-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, typically...

propensities of RNA. Through the late 1950s and early 1960s, numerous papers were published on various topics in RNA structure, including RNA-DNA hybridization...

Single-stranded RNA virus refers to RNA viruses with single-stranded RNA genomes. There are two kinds: Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus Positive-sense...

RNA Biology is an open access peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of ribonucleic acid (RNA) research. It is indexed for MEDLINE. The current...

ATP-dependent RNA helicase A (RHA; also known as DHX9, LKP, and NDHI) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DHX9 gene. DEAD/DEAH box helicases...

RNA polymerase IV (RNAP IV) is an enzyme that synthesizes small interfering RNA (siRNA) in plants, which silence gene expression. RNAP IV belongs to a...

RNA is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on all aspects of RNA molecules, including their structures, metabolism, functions...

between RNA and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). The term RNP foci can also be used to denote intracellular compartments involved in processing of RNA transcripts...

double-stranded RNAs that function as small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the RNA silencing system. By sequestering siRNA, p19 suppresses RNA silencing and...

Antisense RNA (asRNA), also referred to as antisense transcript, natural antisense transcript (NAT) or antisense oligonucleotide, is a single stranded RNA that...

end of cellular mRNA. While the more common methylated guanosine (m7G) cap is added to RNA by a capping complex that associates with RNA polymerase II (RNAP...

transferase center (EC 2.3.2.12, PTC) is an aminoacyltransferase ribozyme (RNA enzyme) located in the large subunit of the ribosome. It forms peptide bonds...

18S ribosomal RNA (abbreviated 18S rRNA) is a part of the ribosomal RNA in eukaryotes. It is a component of the Eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (40S)...

Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA). The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates;...

to this kind of bond in DNA and RNA chains). The involved saccharide groups are deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA. In order for the phosphodiester...

Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) is the largest class of small non-coding RNA molecules expressed in animal cells. piRNAs form RNA-protein complexes through...

Poliovirus is composed of an RNA genome and a protein capsid. The genome is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA) genome that is about 7500 nucleotides...

E. coli cut the CRISPR RNA precursor within the repeats into mature spacer-containing RNA molecules called CRISPR RNA (crRNA), which remained bound to...

The enzyme polynucleotide 5′-phosphatase (RNA 5′-triphosphatase, RTPase, EC 3.1.3.33) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction a 5′-phosphopolynucleotide...

biology, VR-RNA is a small RNA produced by Clostridium perfringens. It functions as a regulator of the two-component VirR/VirS system. VR-RNA regulates...

filled by RNA, and catalysis was also largely mediated by RNA (that is, by ribozyme counterparts of enzymes). This concept is known as the RNA world hypothesis...

The RNA-binding Proteins Database (RBPDB) is a biological database of RNA-binding protein specificities that includes experimental observations of RNA-binding...

transcribes small non-coding RNAs, including tRNAs, 5S rRNA, U6 snRNA, SRP RNA, and other stable short RNAs such as ribonuclease P RNA. RNA Polymerases I, II, and...

in social insects. RNA methylation occurs in different RNA species viz. tRNA, rRNA, mRNA, tmRNA, snRNA, snoRNA, miRNA, and viral RNA. Different catalytic...

RNA, 18S ribosomal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LOC109910383 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information...

ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA). RNA can also have regulatory effects through hybridization interactions with other RNA molecules (such as microRNA). Although...

TsRNA can stand for: Toxic Small RNA tRNA-derived small RNA This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title TsRNA. If an internal link...

An RNA spike-in is an RNA transcript of known sequence and quantity used to calibrate measurements in RNA hybridization assays, such as DNA microarray...

responsible for the RNA that is later translated to protein, while the sense strand possesses a nearly identical makeup to that of the mRNA. Note that for...

CRISPR RNA or crRNA is a RNA transcript from the CRISPR locus. CRISPR-Cas (clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats - CRISPR associated...

double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses, positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) viruses, negative-sense single-stranded RNA (–ssRNA) viruses, ssRNA viruses that...

about dsRNA. They form the genetic material of some viruses (double-stranded RNA viruses). dsRNA, such as viral RNA or siRNA, can trigger RNA interference...

nanoparticle RNA therapeutics for nucleic acid medicines including small interfering RNA (siRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), gene editing RNA, DNA, antisense...

a single stranded RNA genome with negative-sense. The genetic information is packaged as a ribonucleoprotein complex in which RNA is tightly bound by...

Coronaviruses are a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans and birds, they cause respiratory tract infections...

A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme that uses an RNA molecule as a template to synthesize a complementary DNA molecule, through a process termed...

who specializes in ribonucleic acid (RNA)-mediated mechanisms, particularly in vitro-transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA) for protein replacement therapy. Karikó...

untranslated RNA molecules known as vault RNAs (vRNAs, vtRNAs) only found in higher eukaryotes. These molecules are transcribed by RNA polymerase III...

to a guide RNA. Cas13 performs two distinct ribonuclease functions: procession of its own CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and catalysis of target RNA cleavage. The...

ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and small nuclear RNA (snRNA). The most common and well-understood mRNA modification at...

used to place viruses into one of seven groups based on their manner of mRNA synthesis. Specific naming conventions and further classification guidelines...

RNA exonuclease 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene REXO5 (previously LOC81691). Not much has been reported about the function of this...

release. Small RNA sequencing is a widely used technique to study microRNA(miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), piwi-interacting RNA (piRNAs) that play...

system. By delivering the Cas9 nuclease complexed with a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA) into a cell, the cell's genome can be cut at a desired location, allowing...

RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is a biological process in which non-coding RNA molecules direct the addition of DNA methylation to specific DNA sequences...

In molecular biology mir-25 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms...

transcribed into functional non-coding RNA molecules (e.g. transfer RNA, microRNA, piRNA, ribosomal RNA, and regulatory RNAs). Other functional regions of the...

northern blot, or RNA blot, is a technique used in molecular biology research to study gene expression by detection of RNA (or isolated mRNA) in a sample....

identification. FISH can also be used to detect and localize specific RNA targets (mRNA, lncRNA, and miRNA) in cells, circulating tumor cells, and tissue samples. In...

Subgenomic mRNAs are essentially smaller sections of the original transcribed template strand. During transcription, the original template strand is usually...

plasmid-encoded RNA called RNA I. A single promoter initiates replication in ColE1: the RNA II promoter. The RNA II transcript forms a stable RNA-DNA hybrid...

snRNA-seq, also known as single nucleus RNA sequencing, single nuclei RNA sequencing or sNuc-seq, is an RNA sequencing method for profiling gene expression...

double-stranded RNA formation of one or two separate RNA strand that have complementary regions. The formation of a double-stranded RNA is not efficient...

siRNAs (ta-siRNAs) and phased siRNAs (phasiRNAs). The gene was first identified in Arabidopsis due to the mutant phenotype and the role of ta-siRNAs in...

In molecular biology, trans-activating CRISPR RNA (tracrRNA) is a small trans-encoded RNA. It was first discovered by Emmanuelle Charpentier in her study...

Alvernaviridae is a family of non-enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses. Dinoflagellates serve as natural hosts. There is one genus in this family, Dinornavirus...

as RNA interference (RNAi). Argonaute proteins bind different classes of small non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)...

tRNA pseudouridine13 synthase (EC 5.4.99.27, TruD, YgbO, tRNA PSI13 synthase, RNA:PSI-synthase Pus7p, Pus7p, RNA:pseudouridine-synthase Pus7p, Pus7 protein)...

SraL RNA ('sra' for small RNA), also known as RyjA, is a small non-coding RNA discovered in E. coli, and later in Salmonella Tiphimurium. This ncRNA was...

refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Nucleic acid structure is often divided...

Brain cytoplasmic 200 long-noncoding RNA (or BC200 lncRNA) is a 200 nucleotide RNA transcript found predominantly in the brain with a primary function...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with...

properties of RNA.” Cech discovered that RNA could itself cut strands of RNA, suggesting that life might have started as RNA. He found that RNA can not only...

classes of noncoding RNAs, depending on their sizes and functions: snRNA, snoRNA, scRNA, piRNA, miRNA, YRNA, tsRNA, rsRNA, and siRNA. Their functions go...

regulation of RNA and the mechanisms of RNA-protein interactions. He identified RNA recognition motif (RRM) proteins, which are the largest family of RNA-binding...

of RNA. Furthermore, an RNA column is typically unsuitable for purification of short (<200 nucleotides) RNA species, such as siRNA, miRNA and tRNA. It...

RNAs (saRNAs) are small double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that target gene promoters to induce transcriptional gene activation in a process known as RNA activation...

cells by which an RNA primary transcript is chemically altered following transcription from a gene to produce a mature, functional RNA molecule that can...

reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA) and amplification...

which is used for biochemical purification of RNA-protein complexes and partnered to GFP for detection of RNA in living cells. More recently, the technique...

regulatory RNA) is a small non-coding RNA that is thought to be involved in the regulation of quorum sensing in Vibrio species. The use of small RNAs for vital...

orthoflavivirus, orthoflaviviral or orthoflaviviruses) is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Flaviviridae. The genus includes the West Nile virus...

template by the viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) to transcribe a positive-strand RNA functioning as messenger RNA (mRNA) for the host cell's ribosomes...

Metabolic processes of RNA such as translation, transcription, ribosome biogenesis, RNA splicing, RNA transport, RNA editing, and RNA degradation are all...

The T44 RNA family consists of a number of bacterial RNA genes of between 135 and 170 bases in length. The t44 gene has been identified in several species...

RNA-OUT is a non-coding RNA that is antisense to the RNA-IN non-coding RNA. Transposition of insertion sequence IS10 is regulated by an anti-sense RNA...

esiRNA or Endoribonuclease-prepared siRNAs are a mixture of siRNA oligos resulting from cleavage of long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) with an endoribonuclease...

distinguishes lncRNA from small non-coding RNAs which encompasses microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar...

have been found in what was mud 551 million years ago. The RNA world hypothesis asserts that RNA evolved before coded proteins and DNA genomes. During the...

roles relating to RNA processing, specifically small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and small nuclear RNA (snRNA) maturation, and histone mRNA modification. Similar...

RNA (tRNA) MicroRNA (miRNA) Small interfering RNA (siRNA) Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Though prevalent inside of the cell, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) does...

In molecular biology 7SK is an abundant small nuclear RNA found in metazoans. It plays a role in regulating transcription by controlling the positive...

some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA. In eukaryotes, the main form is mRNA capping, a highly regulated process that uses 7-methylguanosine...

almost exclusively found in oncogenic cells and enriched with RNA binding proteins as well as RNA polymerase III transcripts. The perinucleolar compartment...

cytotoxic granule-associated rna binding protein is a 3'UTR mRNA binding protein that can bind the 5'TOP sequence of 5'TOP mRNAs. It is associated with programmed...

Therapeutics is a biopharmaceutical company developing oral medicines that target RNA to treat a range of diseases. The company is based in Waltham, Massachusetts...

although non-replicative mechanisms involving direct ligation of genomic RNA fragments have also been proposed. DIPs are derived from and associated with...

molecular biology, small nucleolar RNA derived microRNAs are microRNAs (miRNA) derived from small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA). MicroRNAs are usually derived from precursors...

The RNA Tie Club was an informal scientific club, meant partly to be humorous, of select scientists who were interested in how proteins were synthesised...

information minister, and soon published a pamphlet "War in America". The RNA's declared territory was Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South...

αr9 is a family of bacterial small non-coding RNAs with representatives in a broad group of α-proteobacteria from the order Hyphomicrobiales. The first...

organism with a genetic code capable of performing biological translation of RNA molecules to protein formation through peptide synthesis. Its descendants...

receptor RNA activator 1 also known as steroid receptor RNA activator protein (SRAP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SRA1 gene. The mRNA transcribed...

snoRNA snR66 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is...

that utilize synthetic DNA guides, rather than canonical RNA guides, to recognize and target RNA molecules. These systems primarily utilize Cas12a and variants...

RNA Automation, a member of Rhein-Nadel Automation, was established in Birmingham UK, in 1986, and has progressed into becoming the major supplier of...

great majority have an RNA genome, which is usually small and single stranded (ss), but some viruses have double-stranded (ds) RNA, ssDNA or dsDNA genomes...

reaction ATP + RNA-3'OH ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } pyrophosphate + RNApA-3'OH Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and RNA, whereas its...

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus species in the genus Tobamovirus that infects a wide range of plants, especially...

groups bound to the sugar. They are the molecular precursors of both DNA and RNA, which are chains of nucleotides made through the processes of DNA replication...

euchromatin. RNA is subdivided into many categories, including messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and...

complex positions RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at gene transcription start sites, denatures the DNA, and positions the DNA in the RNA polymerase II active...

RNA (STobRV). Most viruses have the capability to use host enzymes or their own replication machinery to independently replicate their own viral RNA....

MAPT antisense RNA 1 is a noncoding RNA that in humans is encoded by the MAPT-AS1 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information...

signals in the newly synthesized transcript RNA that trigger processes which release the transcript RNA from the transcriptional complex. These processes...

occurring form, d-ribose, is a component of the ribonucleotides from which RNA is built, and so this compound is necessary for coding, decoding, regulation...

commonly called MS2, is an icosahedral, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli and other members of the...

Trans-acting siRNA (abbreviated "ta-siRNA" or "tasiRNA") are a class of small interfering RNA (siRNA) that repress gene expression through post-transcriptional...

all RNA viruses, those which encode a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). By the end of 2020 there were approximately 15,000 distinct RNA virus...

that are enriched for structured non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The method of enriching bacterial IGRs for ncRNA motif discovery was first reported for a study...

the sense of a nucleic acid molecule, particularly of a strand of DNA or RNA, refers to the nature of the roles of the strand and its complement in specifying...

chair of the RNA Therapeutics Institute. His research focuses on RNA-mediated mechanisms of gene regulation, including pre-mRNA splicing, RNA interference...

MALAT1-associated small cytoplasmic RNA, also known as mascRNA, is a non-coding RNA found in the cytosol. This is a small RNA, roughly 53–61 nucleotides in...

genes involved in them. Most DNA viruses assemble in the nucleus while most RNA viruses develop solely in cytoplasm. Viruses multiply only in living cells...

monomers that are covalently bonded in a chain. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are examples of polynucleotides with distinct biological...

RIP-chip (RNA immunoprecipitation chip) is a molecular biology technique which combines RNA immunoprecipitation with a microarray. The purpose of this...

eukaryotic cells, the primary purpose of XPO5 is to export pre-microRNA (also known as pre-miRNA) out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm, for further processing...

The signal recognition particle RNA, (also known as 7SL, 6S, ffs, or 4.5S RNA) is part of the signal recognition particle (SRP) ribonucleoprotein complex...

APOB and by a single mRNA transcript larger than 16 kb. ApoB48 is generated when a stop codon (UAA) at residue 2153 is created by RNA editing. There appears...

αr45 is a family of bacterial small non-coding RNAs with representatives in a broad group of α-proteobacteria from the order Hyphomicrobiales. The first...

bacteria. Bacteriophages are composed of proteins that encapsulate a DNA or RNA genome, and may have structures that are either simple or elaborate. Their...

RnaG is a small regulatory non-coding RNA encoded by the virulence plasmid of Shigella flexneri, a Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium that causes human...

to many breakthroughs in RNA biochemistry, including the enzymatic synthesis of RNAs from synthetic DNA templates using T7 RNA polymerase.[better source needed]...

MicroRNA 148a is a miRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR148A gene. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional...

RNA DsrA RNA FnrS RNA GadY RNA GcvB RNA IsrJ RNA MicA RNA / SraD RNA MicC RNA MicF RNA OmrA RNA / OmrB RNA / RygA RNA / RygB RNA / SraE RNA OxyS RNA Qrr...

The RNA integrity number (RIN) is an algorithm for assigning integrity values to RNA measurements. The integrity of RNA is a major concern for gene expression...

Picornaviruses are a group of related nonenveloped RNA viruses which infect vertebrates including fish, mammals, and birds. They are viruses that represent...

intronic-sequence RNAs (ebv-sisRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs generated by repeat introns in the Epstein–Barr virus. After EBERs 1 and 2, ebv-sisRNA-1 is the...

agents, consisting solely of short strands of circular, single-stranded RNA without protein coats. They are only known to infect flowering plants, of...

expressed by copying the information to single-stranded RNA. The RNA was produced by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase using nucleotides similar to those of DNA...

expressed without altering the underlying DNA sequence. Further, non-coding RNA sequences have been shown to play a key role in the regulation of gene expression...

RNA-targeting small molecules represent a class of small molecules, organic compounds with traditional drug properties (e.g., Lipinski's rule of five)...

ribosomal protein S1 but is found in a large number of RNA-associated proteins. The structure of the S1 RNA-binding domain from the Escherichia coli polynucleotide...

The RNA Characterization of Secondary Structure Motifs database (RNA CoSSMos) is a repository of three-dimensional nucleic acid PDB structures containing...

A short hairpin RNA or small hairpin RNA (shRNA/Hairpin Vector) is an artificial RNA molecule with a tight hairpin turn that can be used to silence target...

forms of RNA are made; circular genomic RNA, circular complementary antigenomic RNA, and a linear polyadenylated antigenomic RNA, which is the mRNA containing...

contrast to siRNA, stRNAs downregulate expression of target RNAs after translation initiation without affecting mRNA stability. Nowadays, stRNAs are better...

An RNA thermometer (or RNA thermosensor) is a temperature-sensitive non-coding RNA molecule which regulates gene expression. Its unique characteristic...

Circulating cell-free RNA or cfRNA refers to freely-circulating ribonucleic acid molecules in various biological fluids such as blood (both plasma and...

RNA polymerase III subunit B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLR3B gene. It is the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase III. Subunit...

nucleoproteins (NPs) are essential RNA-binding proteins encoded by many viruses, especially negative-sense single-stranded RNA (–ssRNA) viruses. They play crucial...

is a ribonuclease enzyme involved in the maturation of transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA in bacteria, as well as in DNA repair pathways. It is a member of...

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 520 is a long non-coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the LINC00520 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000258791...

noncoding RNA databases, which provide information about lncRNAs. Rinn, J. L.; Chang, H. Y. (2012). "Genome Regulation by Long Noncoding RNAs". Annual...

The ViennaRNA Package is software, a set of standalone programs and libraries used for predicting and analysing RNA nucleic acid secondary structures...

αr7 is a family of bacterial small non-coding RNAs with representatives in a broad group of Alphaproteobacterial species from the order Hyphomicrobiales...

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 598 is an lncRNA that in humans is encoded by the LINC00598 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000215483 –...

small interfering RNA (siRNA) generated from exogenous double-stranded RNA and microRNA (miRNA) generated from endogenous non-coding RNA, both produced by...

RNA motif ilvH RNA motif Infectious bronchitis virus D-RNA ivy-DE RNA motif JUMPstart RNA motif L17DE RNA motif ldcC RNA motif LivK RNA motif Lnt RNA...

This list of RNA structure prediction software is a compilation of software tools and web portals used for nucleic acid structure prediction. The single...

by which gene expression patterns may be analyzed by comparing isolated RNA molecules from a tester sample to samples in a control cDNA library. It is...

RNA ligase 1 is a enzyme that in humans is encoded by the gene RLIG1 (previously C12orf29). RNA ligase 1 functions as an RNA ligase, and participates in...

messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing to determine which mRNAs are being actively translated. A related technique that can also be used to determine which mRNAs are...

NamiRNAs are a type of miRNAs present in the nucleus, which can activate gene expression by binding to the enhancer, and therefore were named nuclear...

protein–DNA and protein–RNA interactions control the activity of RNA polymerase II, the molecular machine that synthesizes all messenger RNA (mRNA) and some small-nuclear...

pre-mRNA of this protein is subject to RNA editing. The two editing sites were previously recorded as single nucleotide polymorphisms in dbSNP. A to I RNA...

In enzymology, a mRNA (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase also known as mRNA cap guanine-N7 methyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction...

as an RNA codon table, because when proteins are made in a cell by ribosomes, it is messenger RNA (mRNA) that directs protein synthesis. The mRNA sequence...

MEF2C antisense RNA 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MEF2C-AS1 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000248309 – Ensembl, May 2017 "Human...

The Republic of New Afrika (RNA) is a black nationalist organization in the United States founded in 1968 after the civil rights movement by supporters...

cytosol composed of proteins and RNA that assemble into 0.1–2 μm membraneless organelles when the cell is under stress. The mRNA molecules found in stress granules...

research focuses on RNA biology and post-transcriptional gene regulation. He is noted for developing high-throughput methods to map RNA–protein interactions...

mRNA(s). In Brucella suis 1330 RNA sequencing identified a novel list of 33 sRNAs and 62 Hfq-associated mRNAs. In Brucella melitensis eight novel sRNA...

U2 spliceosomal snRNAs are a species of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) molecules found in the major spliceosomal (Sm) machinery of virtually all eukaryotic...

that mediates target recognition in RNA polymerase. An example is the sigma subunit of the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase holoenzyme which regulates...

used for cataloging microRNAs and their targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent an important class of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate gene expression...

biology, the small nucleolar RNA SNORA73 (also called U17/E1 RNA) belongs to the H/ACA class of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). SNORA73 has functions involved...

nucleolar RNA TBR12 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule identified in Trypanosoma brucei which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)...

U1 spliceosomal RNA is the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) component of U1 snRNP (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein), an RNA-protein complex that combines with...

In enzymology, a RNA uridylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.52) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UTP + RNAn ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons...

DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POLR1C gene. POLR1C has been shown to interact with...

T7 RNA Polymerase is an RNA polymerase from the T7 bacteriophage that catalyzes the formation of RNA from DNA in the 5'→ 3' direction. T7 polymerase is...

Oligonucleotides are short DNA or RNA molecules, oligomers, that have a wide range of applications in genetic testing, research, and forensics. Commonly...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

mRNA (or messenger RNA) is ribonucleic acid (RNA) that is read by the ribosome to produce a protein. mRNA may also refer to: miRNA, a small non-coding...

MtlS RNA is a small non-coding RNA found in Vibrio cholerae and related bacteria. MtlS is found in the mannitol operon, which encodes the mannitol-specific...

CDR1 antisense RNA is an circular RNA that in humans is encoded by the CDR1-AS gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information...

compared tRNA encodings found within rRNA with tRNA found in E. coli to see if the secondary structure was the same as more "modern" tRNA present in...

Transfer RNA-like structures (tRNA-like structures) are RNA sequences, which have a similar tertiary structure to tRNA; they frequently contain a pseudoknot...

Although non-canonical pairs can occur in both DNA and RNA, they primarily form stable structures in RNA, where they contribute to its structural diversity...

Cabassou virus is an RNA virus in the genus Alphavirus. "ICTV Taxonomy history: Cabassou virus". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. v t e...

αr14 is a family of bacterial small non-coding RNAs with representatives in a broad group of α-proteobacteria. The first member of this family (Smr14C2)...

Putative pre-mRNA-splicing factor ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX15 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DHX15 gene. The protein encoded by this...

other rRNAs. The eukaryotic homolog of the 23S LSU rRNA is the 28S ribosomal RNA, with a region filled by the 5.8S ribosomal RNA. In general, rRNA has an...

The RNA Society is a non-profit, international scientific society that serves to facilitate the dissemination of scientific results and concepts in ribonucleic...

messenger RNA (mRNA). This conversion is carried out by enzymes, known as RNA polymerases, in the nucleus of the cell. In eukaryotes, this mRNA is initially...

a database containing information about non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families and other structured RNA elements. It is an annotated, open access database originally...

in the replication of DNA and is a type of RNA polymerase. Primase catalyzes the synthesis of a short RNA (or DNA in some living organisms) segment called...

Lenarviricota is a phylum of RNA viruses that includes all positive-strand RNA viruses that infect prokaryotes. Some members also infect eukaryotes. Most...

MicroRNA 517c is a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR517C gene. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in...

The 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA) is an approximately 120 nucleotide-long ribosomal RNA molecule with a mass of 40 kDa. It is a structural and functional...

RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RTCB gene. It is found in the stress granule of cells. As of...

chains of polymers or nucleic acids. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are used to assemble DNA and RNA molecules, respectively, by copying a DNA template...

In molecular biology, the 5.8S ribosomal RNA (5.8S rRNA) is a non-coding RNA component of the large subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome and so plays an...

positive-sense RNA genomes. Within this family, CIRV belongs to the Tombusvirus genus. RNA Genome: CIRV possesses a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome...

28S ribosomal RNA is the structural ribosomal RNA (rRNA) for the large subunit (LSU) of eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes, and thus one of the basic components...

(CEO) Daniel A. de Boer. It specializes in the development of RNA therapeutics using its RNA editing platform technology called Axiomer. ProQR was founded...

include: large RNA and protein complexes: ribosome, spliceosome, vault large protein complexes: proteasome, DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, RNA polymerase...

as well as on inosine-containing RNA. In eukaryotes endoV is primarily a ribonuclease and cleaves single-stranded RNA at the 3' position relative to an...

non-coding RNA sequences, also known as toxic RNA, which inhibit RNA-binding proteins leading to pathogenic effects. The most studied RNA-dominant diseases...

TectoRNAs are modular RNA units able to self-assemble into larger nanostructures in a programmable fashion. They  are generated by rational design through...

covalently attached to the 5′ end of positive strand viral RNA and acts as a primer during RNA synthesis in a variety of virus families including Picornaviridae...

of a type of infectious agent composed of RNA. Described as "viroid-like elements", obelisks consist of RNA in a circular rod shape without any protein...

Mir-423 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. MicroRNA Smith RA, Jedlinski...

produce messenger RNA (mRNA). That mRNA is then translated into proteins. When a repressor protein binds to the silencer region of DNA, RNA polymerase is...

Bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) is an ultra-high-throughput bulk 3' mRNA-seq technology that uses early-stage sample barcoding and unique...

Synaptotagmin-binding, cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein (SYNCRIP), also known as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Q or NS1-associated...

Exosome RNA helicase MTR4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MTREX gene (previously SKIV2L2). As an RNA helicase, the protein MTR4 participates...

only extend an existing DNA or RNA strand paired with a template strand. To begin synthesis, a short fragment of RNA, called a primer, must be created...

omics terminology refers to the measurement of all the mRNA in a cell rather than select RNA targets. It comprises an important part of spatial biology...

recruits a preinitiation complex to which RNA polymerase I will bind to and begin the transcription of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). SL1 was discovered by Robert Tjian...

activities include small, regulatory RNA molecules, RNA sequencing, RNA localization, as well as microRNA and long, non-coding RNA molecules in infected host cells...

mir-58 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. MicroRNA Brenner JL...

Mitochondrially encoded tRNA lysine also known as MT-TK is a transfer RNA which in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-TK gene. The MT-TK gene is...

CrfA RNA (Caulobacter response to famine RNA) is a family of non-coding RNAs found in Caulobacter crescentus. CrfA is expressed upon carbon starvation...

participates in the processing of ribosomal RNA (9S to 5S rRNA) and the chemical degradation of bulk cellular RNA. RNase E was suggested to be a part of the...

tRNA-splicing endonuclease subunit Sen15 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TSEN15 gene. tRNA splicing is a fundamental process for cell growth...

ribonuclease (an RNA cleaver), itself a type of endonuclease (a nucleotide cleaver). It cleaves either single-stranded or double-stranded RNA, depending on...

The miR-29 microRNA precursor, or pre-miRNA, is a small RNA molecule in the shape of a stem-loop or hairpin. Each arm of the hairpin can be processed...

used to produce multiple copies of single stranded RNA. NASBA is a two-step process that takes RNA and anneals specially designed primers, then utilizes...

The Tryptophan operon leader is an RNA element found at the 5′ of some bacterial tryptophan operons. The leader sequence can form two different structures...

rRNA (guanine745-N1)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.187, Rlma(I), Rlma1, 23S rRNA m1G745 methyltransferase, YebH, RlmAI methyltransferase, ribosomal RNA(m1G)-methylase...

synthetic RNA biology. at Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU) (Bavaria, Germany) and a Department Head at the Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based...

of the virus particle and is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme. In an infected cell, this enzyme produces mRNA transcripts for the synthesis of...

transcribed RNA into DNA through reverse transcription. Thus, they differ from Class II transposable elements, or DNA transposons, in utilizing an RNA intermediate...

In the field of molecular biology, the 6S RNA is a non-coding RNA that was one of the first to be identified and sequenced. What it does in the bacterial...

helix is unwound, providing enough space for RNA polymerase (RNAP) to bind to the template strand and begin RNA synthesis. The transcription bubble size is...

is one of many RNA helicases in the DExH superfamily, which unwind double-stranded sections of RNA or RNA/DNA hybrids and restructure RNA/protein complexes...

The RNA Ligase ribozyme was the first of several types of synthetic ribozymes produced by in vitro evolution and selection techniques. They are an important...

modification of messenger RNA. Because the 5' end of the RNA molecule ends in a phosphate group, the bond formed between the RNA and the GTP molecule is...

RNA, such as plasmids, the genomes of bacteriophages, and the circular RNA genome of viroids. Some eukaryotic viruses also replicate their DNA or RNA...

tertiary structure is the three-dimensional shape of a nucleic acid polymer. RNA and DNA molecules are capable of diverse functions ranging from molecular...

linked to an engineered reverse transcriptase, and a prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA), capable of identifying the target site and providing the new genetic...

Gria2 pre-mRNA undergoes a type of editing called adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing. Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) are the RNA editing enzymes...

West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever. It is a member of the family Flaviviridae, from the genus Orthoflavivirus...

RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS) is a form of RNA interference by which short RNA molecules – such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) – trigger...

hydrolyze RNA in the 3' - 5' direction. RNase R has been shown to be involved in selective mRNA degradation, particularly of non stop mRNAs in bacteria...

nucleolar RNA host gene 1 is a non-protein coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the SNHG1 gene. This locus represents a small nucleolar RNA host gene...

between the hlyE and umuD genes. The function of this RNA is unknown. C0343 RNA C0465 RNA C0719 RNA Tjaden B, Saxena RM, Stolyar S, Haynor DR, Kolker E...

ancestors of SARS-CoV-1. These enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses enter host cells by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme...

biology ctRNA (counter-transcribed RNA) is a plasmid encoded noncoding RNA that binds to the mRNA of repB and causes translational inhibition. ctRNA is encoded...

He is known for his work with RNA proteins. He focuses on RNA-protein interactions and how they affect pathogenic RNA viruses and human immune system...

The DEAD RNA motif is a conserved non-coding RNA (ncRNA) found in the introns of DEAD-box RNA helicase genes across land plants. It was identified through...

of a pyrimidine. Nucleotides are the molecular building blocks of DNA and RNA. This list does not include modified nucleobases and the corresponding nucleosides...

in different types of RNA species viz.mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, snoRNA, snRNA, miRNA, tmRNA as well as viral RNA species. Specific RNA methyltransferases are...

known as aminoacylation or tRNA charging) refers to the attachment of an amino acid to its respective transfer RNA (tRNA). The reaction occurs in the...

topical and some of which are absorbed by the crop. RNA interference (RNAi) uses segments of RNA to fatally silence crucial insect genes. In 2024 two...

Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX5 also known as DEAD box protein 5 or RNA helicase p68 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX5 gene...

Massachusetts, that focuses on RNA therapeutics, primarily mRNA vaccines. These vaccines use a copy of a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) to carry instructions...

Protein kinase RNA-activated also known as protein kinase R (PKR), interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase, or eukaryotic translation...

products, RNA I (toxin) and RNA II (antitoxin) immediately form a stable complex where RNA II binds (and occludes) the ribosome binding site of RNA I, preventing...

mir-580 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. MicroRNA Zhang T, Zhao...

assess chromosomal integrity. RNA ISH (RNA in situ hybridization) is used to measure and localize RNAs (mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs) within tissue sections,...

RNA demethylase ALKBH5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALKBH5 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000091542 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38:...

tofersen, and volanesorsen. First-generation anti-miRNA oligonucleotides utilized 2’-O-Methyl RNA nucleotides with phosphorothioate internucleotide linkages...

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 is a Long non-coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the SNHG6 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology...

The Dische test, or Dische reaction, is used to distinguish DNA from RNA. It was invented by Zacharias Dische. Dische's diphenylamine reagent consists...

causing the transcription complex to dissociate and the newly synthesized RNA molecule to be released from the DNA template. In bacteria such as E. coli...

WRAP53 (also known as WD40-encoding RNA antisense to p53) is a gene implicated in cancer development. The name was coined in 2009 to describe the dual...

mir-503 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. MicroRNA Cheng G, Sun...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

Glu- Ala- His). A wide range of RNA helicases belongs to this family. Specifically, DHX8 acts as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in splicing and...

Zilebesiran (development code ALN-AGT01) is an investigational RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutic agent being developed by Roche and Alnylam Pharmaceuticals...

heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) or pre-mRNA into messenger RNA (mRNA). Short sequences of DNA are transcribed to RNA; then this RNA is translated to a...

mir-504 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. MicroRNA Yang MH, Lin...

MicroRNA 5008 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR5008 gene. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in...

TCL1 upstream neural differentiation-associated RNA is a long noncoding RNA that in humans is produced from the TUNAR gene. "Human PubMed Reference:"...

RNA polymerase II subunit A C-terminal domain phosphatase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CTDP1 gene. This gene encodes a protein which...

Mitochondrially encoded 12S ribosomal RNA (often abbreviated as 12S or 12S rRNA) is the SSU rRNA of the mitochondrial ribosome. In humans, 12S is encoded...

BRAF-activated non-protein coding RNA is a noncoding RNA that in humans is encoded by the BANCR gene. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the intricate...

RNA-binding protein 8A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBM8A gene. This gene encodes a protein with a conserved RNA-binding motif. The protein...

Long independently transcribed non-coding RNA 3025 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LINC03025 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000276462...

genetics and genomics, the UMODL1 antisense RNA 1 is a long non-coding RNA. In the genome of humans, the RNA is produced by the transcription of UMODL1-AS1...

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 483 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LINC00483 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for...

nrdJ RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. The nrdJ motif is found in the genus Streptomyces. nrdJ RNAs occur...

technology for RNA oligonucleotide synthesis. Originally, the company's focus was to develop 2'-ACE RNA technology as the standard for RNA synthesis and...

DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLR2I gene. This gene encodes a subunit of RNA polymerase II...

single-stranded DNA in telomere maintenance and single-stranded RNA in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). The SMG6 gene also contains one of 27 SNPs associated...

technologies (e.g. RNA-Seq) using Bowtie first and then mapping to a reference genome to discover RNA splice sites de novo. TopHat aligns RNA-Seq reads to mammalian-sized...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

The bacterial sroD RNA gene is a non-coding RNA of 90 nucleotides in length. sroD is found in several Enterobacterial species but its function is unknown...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

Ribosomal RNA Ribosome Ribosomes Ribozyme Risk communication RNA RNA editing RNA phage RNA polymerase RNA replicase RNA splicing Robertsonian fusion rRNA S (Svedberg...

16S or 16s may refer to: Ribosomal RNAs, in biology: prokaryotic 16S ribosomal RNA mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA Myrtle Creek Municipal Airport's FAA...

single-stranded RNA viruses (for example Picornavirus, Flavivirus, Coronavirus, Togaviruses, Hepatitis C virus) and double-stranded RNA viruses (for example...

rule of six is a feature of paramyxovirus genomes. These RNA viruses have genes made from RNA and not DNA, and their whole genome – that is the number...

an RNA motif that catalyzes reversible cleavage and ligation reactions at a specific site within an RNA molecule. It is one of several catalytic RNAs (ribozymes)...

is a small (55–65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Hepacivirus. The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis...

Small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNORD9 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000199436 – Ensembl, May 2017...

IGF2 antisense RNA is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF2-AS gene. This gene is expressed in antisense to the insulin-like growth factor 2...

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 900 is a Non-coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the LINC00900 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center...

The pemK RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. pemK motif RNAs are found in organisms within the phylum Bacillota...

transcription. Transcription factories containing RNA polymerase II are the most studied but factories can exist for RNA polymerase I and III; the nucleolus being...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

ribosomal RNA maturation endonuclease) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 21...

guanine-cytosine content) is the percentage of nitrogenous bases in a DNA or RNA molecule that are either guanine (G) or cytosine (C). This measure indicates...

involved in an assortment of metabolic processes that typically involve RNAs, but in some cases also other nucleic acids. They are highly conserved in...

RNA polymerase III subunit A is an enzyme which is encoded by the gene POLR3A. The POLR3A gene is located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 10 on position...

8-Hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) is an RNA nucleoside which is an oxidative derivative of guanosine. The incorporation of oxidized bases is typically detrimental...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

telomeres. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase enzyme that carries its own RNA molecule (e.g., with the sequence 3′-CCCAAUCCC-5′ in Trypanosoma brucei)...

unique single-stranded DNA/RNA hybrid called multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA). Retron msr RNA is the non-coding RNA produced by retron elements...

YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YTHDF2 gene. This gene encodes a member of the YTH (YT521-B...

(RmaA) gene is a bacterial non-coding RNA. It was discovered in genome-wide identification of Hfq binding sRNAs in plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora. Together...

near or within the ncRNA component of RNase MRP, RMRP, has been identified. The endoribonuclease RNase MRP is a complex of RNA molecule and several proteins...

its DNA sequence. RNA is used for information transport (e.g., mRNA) and enzymatic functions (e.g., ribosomal RNA). Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are used...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

biology of RNA, its isolation, detection, expression, and translation. A patent in situ hybridization technique his lab developed for detecting RNA in morphologically...

region (3'-UTR) 3'-end One of two ends of a single linear strand of DNA or RNA, specifically the end at which the chain of nucleotides terminates at the...

developmental regulatory RNA is a long non-coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the FENDRR gene. This gene produces a spliced long non-coding RNA transcribed bidirectionally...

The ribosomal DNA (rDNA) consists of a group of ribosomal RNA encoding genes and related regulatory elements, and is widespread in similar configuration...

EP300 antisense RNA 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EP300-AS1 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information...

Bacteriophage pRNA is a ncRNA element. During replication of linear dsDNA viruses, the viral genome is packaged into the pre-formed viral procapsid. The...

between small molecules and RNA, and using those RNA-small molecule interactions to probe the structure, and function of RNA. The long-term goal of the...

involved in both mRNA nuclear export and mRNA surveillance. The encoded protein is one of two functional homologs to yeast Upf3p. mRNA surveillance detects...

MicroRNA 195 is a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR195 gene. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in...

The abiF RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. Weinberg Z, Lünse CE, Corbino KA, Ames TD, Nelson JW, Roth A, Perkins...

associate to form the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) which functions to transcribe and replicate the viral RNA. Viral messenger RNA transcription – The...

classical RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism of gene silencing. They coined the terms “RNA activation (RNAa)” and “small activating RNA (saRNA)”, establishing...

MicroRNA 1271 is a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR1271 gene. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in...

Aminoacyl-tRNA (also aa-tRNA or charged tRNA) is tRNA to which its cognate amino acid is chemically bonded (charged). The aa-tRNA, along with particular...

attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter, thus preventing transcription of the genes into messenger RNA. An RNA-binding repressor binds to the mRNA and prevents...

~3130 other types of RNA modification. RMBase includes thousands of modifications to messenger RNA, non-coding RNA and microRNA, and also includes information...

(pseudouridine synthase and archaeosine transglycosylase domain) is an ancient RNA-binding domain. The PUA domain consists of 64-96 amino acids forming a compact...

ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX36 also known as DEAH box protein 36 (DHX36) or MLE-like protein 1 (MLEL1) or G4 resolvase 1 (G4R1) or RNA helicase associated...

The Pyrobac-1 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure discovered by bioinformatics. RNAs conforming to this motif have been found only in Pyrobaculum,...

currently widely proposed that the earliest forms of life may have relied on RNA as their genetic material, with DNA evolving later as a more chemically stable...

in the capsid.[citation needed] The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase that replicates both the positive and negative RNA strands is a complex of four proteins:...

Narnavirus is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Narnaviridae. Fungi serve as natural hosts. There are two species in this genus. Member...

VIM antisense RNA 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VIM-AS1 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000229124 – Ensembl, May 2017 "Human...

has also used EDC to assess the structure state of uracil nucleobases in RNA. EDC is commercially available. It may be prepared by coupling ethyl isocyanate...

In molecular biology, a hybridization probe (HP) is a fragment of DNA or RNA, usually 15–10000 nucleotides long, which can be radioactively or fluorescently...

The C0343 RNA is a bacterial non-coding RNA of 74 nucleotides in length that is found between the ydaN and dbpA genes in the genomes of Escherichia coli...

MicroRNA 503 is a non-coding RNA molecule that in humans is encoded by the MIR503 gene. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are...

Spot 42 (spf) RNA is a regulatory non-coding bacterial small RNA encoded by the spf (spot forty-two) gene. Spf is found in gammaproteobacteria and the...

MicroRNA 4521 is a micro RNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR4521 gene. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in...

SL2 RNA is a non-coding RNA involved in trans-splicing in lower eukaryotes. Trans-splicing is a form of RNA processing. The acquisition of a spliced leader...

is the co-founder and CEO of BioNTech, which developed the world’s first mRNA-based vaccine against COVID-19. He also serves as chairman of the scientific...

development of high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and microarrays has made gene expression analysis a routine. RNA analysis was previously limited...

double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and pre-microRNA (pre-miRNA) into short double-stranded RNA fragments called small interfering RNA and microRNA, respectively...

Mitochondrial tRNA pseudouridine27/28 synthase (EC 5.4.99.44, Pus2, Pus2p, RNA:pseudouridine synthases 2) is an enzyme with systematic name mitochondrial tRNA-uridine27/28...

consists of a small symbiotic endonuclease toxin, SymE, and a non-coding RNA symbiotic RNA antitoxin, SymR, which inhibits SymE translation. SymE-SymR is a type...

Ribonomics is the study of ribonucleic acids (RNAs) associated with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). The term was introduced by Robert Cedergren and colleagues...

The IMES-5 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. These RNAs are present in environmental sequences, and have not...

Telomerase RNA component (TERC), also abbreviated TER or TR, is a non-coding RNA found in eukaryotes that is a component of the telomerase enzyme, which...

Alphamononivirus is a genus of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order Nidovirales which infect planarian flatworms. Member virus planarian...

18S may refer to: 18S ribosomal RNA 18S rRNA (adenine1779-N6/adenine1780-N6)-dimethyltransferase 18SEH S18 (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists...

The GRP RNA motif is a conserved RNA structural element identified in introns of glycine-rich RNA-binding protein genes, including GRP7 and GRP8. It is...

with the Fragile=X mental retardation protein. The pre-mRNA of this protein is subject to RNA editing. The editing site was previously recorded as a single...

Small Cajal body-specific RNA 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCARNA5 gene. ENSG00000280652 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000252010...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

course of viral evolution. When replicating its (+)ssRNA genome, the poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is able to carry out recombination...

ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX1 gene. DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp...

momentary distribution of protein synthesis complexes along messenger RNA (mRNA) chains. Expression of genetic code in all life forms consists of two...

complexes formed by proteins conjugated with nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA). However It could sometimes mean just a protein relevant to nucleic acid...

In molecular biology mir-549 microRNA is a microRNA, i.e. a short RNA molecule. The function of microRNAs is to regulate the expression levels of other...

nucleotide sequence within a gene that is not expressed or operative in the final RNA product. The word intron is derived from the term intragenic region, i.e...

It is a DNA polymerase that can use either DNA or RNA templates and a ribonuclease H that cuts RNA in the duplex. Both functions are supplied by the reverse...

mRNA-decapping enzyme 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCP2 gene. DCP2 is a key component of an mRNA-decapping complex required for removal...

Bacterial small RNAs are small RNAs produced by bacteria; they are 50- to 500-nucleotide non-coding RNA molecules, highly structured and containing several...

Rhabdoviridae is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales. Vertebrates (including mammals), invertebrates, plants, fungi,...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)...

may encode a protein, or it may work at the level of RNA, as in the case of genes encoding microRNAs. An example of a regulator gene is a gene that codes...

mRNA-based disease diagnosis technologies are diagnostic procedures using messenger RNAs. as molecular diagnostic tools to discover the relationships...

tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.228, TrmD, tRNA (m1G37) methyltransferase, transfer RNA (m1G37) methyltransferase, Trm5p, TRMT5, tRNA-(N1G37)...

αr35 is a family of bacterial small non-coding RNAs with representatives in a reduced group of Alphaproteobacteria from the order Hyphomicrobiales. The...

unwinds double-stranded RNA, folds single-stranded RNA, and may play important roles in ribosomal RNA biogenesis, RNA editing, RNA transport, and general...

acids such as DNA or RNA that lead to protein biosynthesis of antigens within a cell. Genetic vaccines thus include DNA vaccines, RNA vaccines and viral...

23S rRNA (uridine2552-2'-O)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.166, Um(2552) 23S ribosomal RNA methyltransferase, heat shock protein RrmJ, RrmJ, FTSJ, Um2552...

viral mRNA. The viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) can then proceed to transcribe positive-sense viral mRNA using the negative-sense viral RNA as a...

Pab35 H/ACA snoRNA with rRNA targets. HgcC family RNA HgcE RNA HgcG RNA SscA RNA Klein RJ, Misulovin Z, Eddy SR (May 2002). "Noncoding RNA genes identified...

functions as an RNA regulator through its interaction with MTREX. In particular, it regulates RNA degradation, and the transport of RNA out of the nucleus...

messenger RNA (mRNA). ASOs are capable of altering mRNA expression through a variety of mechanisms, including ribonuclease H mediated decay of the pre-mRNA, direct...

gene transcription by triggering RNA polymerase to release from the promoter and proceed along the DNA. At times, RNA polymerase can pause shortly after...

The ISO61 (IsrA) RNA is a bacterial non-coding RNA that is found between the abgR and ydaL genes in Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. It was discovered...

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 899 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LINC00899 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for...

RNA, 5S cluster 1, also known as RN5S1@, is a human gene encoding the 5S subunit of ribosomal RNA. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology...

Bass' laboratory focuses on RNA silencing and the cellular dynamics of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and double-stranded RNA binding proteins. She has continued...

RNAs (snRNAs) involved in splicing pre-messenger RNA into messenger RNA in eukaryotic cells. Guthrie cloned and sequenced the genes for yeast snRNA and...

as diverse as natural language processing to the study the structure of RNA molecules and design of programming languages. Designing efficient PCFGs...

DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB11-a is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLR2J gene. This gene encodes a subunit of RNA polymerase...

RNA timestamp is a technology that enables the age of any given RNA transcript to be inferred by exploiting RNA editing. In this technique, the RNA of...

OLE RNA (Ornate Large Extremophilic RNA) is a conserved RNA structure present in certain bacteria. The RNA averages roughly 610 nucleotides in length....

FOXP4-AS1 FOXP4 antisense RNA 1 is a protein encoded by the FOXP4-AS1 gene in humans. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000234753 – Ensembl, May 2017...

MicroRNA 941-1 is a human specific microRNA that is encoded by the MIR941-1 gene. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved...

(HCV). It is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, having the key function of replicating HCV's viral RNA by using the viral positive RNA strand as a template...

16S rRNA (cytosine1407-C5)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.178, RNA m5C methyltransferase YebU, RsmF, YebU) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:16S...

translated from the mRNA. The positive- or plus-sense genome, then makes viral complementary RNA (vcRNA) copies of itself. The RNA copies are a template...

23S rRNA pseudouridine955/2504/2580 synthase 23S rRNA pseudouridine1911/1915/1917 synthase Mitochondrial tRNA pseudouridine27/28 synthase tRNA-pseudouridine...

"T-loop" motif occurs in many other forms of noncoding RNA such as tmRNA and rRNA. Loss of the tRNA modification does not usually produce a different, less...

encodes a noncoding RNA (ncRNA).This RNA molecule is not translated into a protein but nonetheless may have important functions. MIR22HG ncRNA is greater than...

The COG3860 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. COG3860 motifs are found in Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria...

23S rRNA pseudouridine746 synthase (EC 5.4.99.29, RluA, 23S RNA PSI746 synthase, 23S rRNA pseudouridine synthase, pseudouridine synthase RluA) is an enzyme...

in Washington, D.C.) discovered RNA interference (RNAi). They demonstrated that small pieces of double-stranded RNA had interfered with the expression...