Karatal

Karatal
Satellite image of Karatal river delta as it enters Lake Balkhash, September 1996. The darker areas within the river valley floodplain are areas of irrigation.
Map of the Lake Balkhash drainage basin
Location
CountryKazakhstan
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationDzungarian Alatau
Mouth 
 • location
Lake Balkhash
 • coordinates
46°28′31″N 77°13′07″E / 46.47528°N 77.21861°E / 46.47528; 77.21861
Length390 km (240 mi)
Basin size
19,100 km2 (7,400 mi2)
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftKoksu

The Karatal (Russian: Каратал) or Qaratal (Kazakh: Қаратал, lit. 'Black Steppe') is a river of the Balkhash-Alakol Basin, Kazakhstan. It originates in the Dzungarian Alatau Mountains near the border with China and flows into the endorheic Lake Balkhash. It is the easternmost of two large rivers that flow into the lake; the other is the Ili.[1] The Karatal is one of the main rivers of the historic region of Zhetysu. The river is 390 kilometres (240 mi) long and has a basin area of 19,100 square kilometres (7,400 mi2).[2]

The river flows west-southwest from the border with China before turning northwestward south of Taldykorgan and then northward when it reaches the Saryesik-Atyrau Desert, a large sand desert south of Lake Balkhash. The river empties into Lake Balkhash near the centerpoint of its southern side. Karatal freezes up in December and stays icebound until March. Because of diversions for irrigation, the river's flow into Lake Balkash is limited.[1]

Description

The Karatal is the second largest river after the Ili in the territory of Semirechye. The river's name in the Kazakh language means "Black willow".

Fauna

From the south, the river Koksu flows into the Karatal. The river is home to pelicans, several species of ducks, herons, and other birds.

References

  1. ^ a b STS-79 Shuttle Mission Imagery (STS079-781-100) NASA
  2. ^ Каратал, Great Soviet Encyclopedia

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