DOSEN PROFIL LENGKAP

This help page is a how-to guide.

It explains concepts or processes used by the Wikipedia community. It is not one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines, and may reflect varying levels of consensus.

Shortcuts

Explanatory or content notes are used to add explanations, comments or other additional information relating to the main content but would make the text too long or awkward to read. Such notes may include supporting references.

Explanatory notes should be used sparingly, for accessibility reasons. Though visual readers can jump to the note and back to the prose, text-to-speech systems will read the note after reading all the prose. This makes it difficult to know the context of the note, which may be important for correctly interpreting it. Alternatives to explanatory notes include integrating the text into the main prose (perhaps in parentheses), deferring details to a linked Wikipedia article, or simply dropping unimportant details.

Please read Help:Footnotes and Help:Shortened footnotes first, as this guide builds upon the methods described on those help pages. WP:REFGROUP is of particular importance.

Note formats

There are several ways to include notes:

Footnotes mixed with explanatory notes

This example uses list-defined references mixed with explanatory notes.

Markup

Renders as

The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/> But the Moon<ref name=Foot02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot04/>

==Notes==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=Foot01>{{cite book |author=Miller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005 |page=23 |mode=cs2}}. But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref>
<ref name=Foot02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example {{cite book |author=Jones |title=The Solar System |publisher=MacMillan |year=2005 |page=623 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
<ref name=Foot03>{{cite book |author=Brown |title=The Moon |year=2006 |publisher=Penguin |page=46 |mode=cs2}}. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example {{cite book |author=Peterson |title=Astronomy |publisher=MacMillan |year=2005 |page=623 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
<ref name=Foot04>{{cite book |author=Smith |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005 |page=334 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
}}

The Sun is pretty big.^[1] But the Moon^[2] is not so big.^[3] The Sun is also quite hot.^[4]

Notes

^ Miller (2005), The Sun, Oxford, p. 23. But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.
^ The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jones (2005), The Solar System, MacMillan, p. 623.
^ Brown (2006), The Moon, Penguin, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Peterson (2005), Astronomy, MacMillan, p. 623.
^ Smith (2005), The Universe, Random House, p. 334.

Footnotes with separate explanatory notes

This example creates a separate notes section by using group names.

Markup

Renders as

The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/><ref group=Note name=Note01/> But the Moon<ref group=Note name=Note02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot02/><ref group=Note name=Note03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot03/>

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note|refs=
<ref name=Note01>But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref>
<ref name=Note02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.</ref>
<ref name=Note03>Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.</ref>
}}

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=Foot01>{{cite book |author=Miller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005 |page=23 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
<ref name=Foot02>{{cite book |author=Brown |title=The Moon |year=2006 |publisher=Penguin |page=46 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
<ref name=Foot03>{{cite book |author=Smith |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005 |page=334 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
}}

The Sun is pretty big.^[1]^{[Note 1]} But the Moon^{[Note 2]} is not so big.^[2]^{[Note 3]} The Sun is also quite hot.^[3]

Notes

^ But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.
^ The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.
^ Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.

References

^ Miller (2005), The Sun, Oxford, p. 23.
^ Brown (2006), The Moon, Penguin, p. 46.
^ Smith (2005), The Universe, Random House, p. 334.

Shortened footnotes mixed with explanatory notes

Markup

Renders as

The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/> But the Moon<ref name=Foot02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot04/>

==Notes==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=Foot01>{{harvnb|Mills|2005|p=23}}. But Mills points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref>
<ref name=Foot02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example {{cite book |author=Johns |title=The Solar System |publisher=MacMillan |year=2005 |page=623 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
<ref name=Foot03>{{harvnb|Browne|2001|p=46}}. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example {{cite book |author=Petersen |title=Astronomy |publisher=MacMillan |year=2005 |page=623 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
<ref name=Foot04>{{harvnb|Smithe|2005|p=334}}.</ref>
}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |author=Browne |title=The Moon |year=2001 |publisher=Penguin |mode=cs2}}.
* {{cite book |author=Mills |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005 |mode=cs2}}.
* {{cite book |author=Smithe |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005 |mode=cs2}}.
{{refend}}

The Sun is pretty big.^[1] But the Moon^[2] is not so big.^[3] The Sun is also quite hot.^[4]

Notes

^ Mills 2005, p. 23. But Mills points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.
^ The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Johns (2005), The Solar System, MacMillan, p. 623.
^ Browne 2001, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Petersen (2005), Astronomy, MacMillan, p. 623.
^ Smithe 2005, p. 334.

References

Browne (2001), The Moon, Penguin.
Mills (2005), The Sun, Oxford.
Smithe (2005), The Universe, Random House.

Shortened footnotes with separate explanatory notes

This example creates a separate notes section by using group names.

Markup

Renders as

The Sun is pretty big.<ref name=Foot01/><ref group=Note name=Note01/> But the Moon<ref group=Note name=Note02/> is not so big.<ref name=Foot02/><ref group=Note name=Note03/> The Sun is also quite hot.<ref name=Foot03/>

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note|refs=
<ref name=Note01>But Milner points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.</ref>
<ref name=Note02>The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example {{cite book |author=Jonas |title=The Solar System |publisher=MacMillan |year=2005 |page=623 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
<ref name=Note03>Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, {{cite book |author=Peters |title=Astronomy |publisher=MacMillan |year=2005 |page=623 |mode=cs2}}.</ref>
}}

==Citations==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=Foot01>{{harvnb|Milner|2005|page=23}}</ref>
<ref name=Foot02>{{harvnb|Braun|2001|p=46}}</ref>
<ref name=Foot03>{{harvnb|Smyth|2005|p=334}}</ref>
}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |author=Braun |title=The Moon |year=2001 |publisher=Penguin |mode=cs2}}.
* {{cite book |author=Milner |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005 |mode=cs2}}.
* {{cite book |author=Smyth |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005 |mode=cs2}}.
{{refend}}

The Sun is pretty big.^[1]^{[Note 1]} But the Moon^{[Note 2]} is not so big.^[2]^{[Note 3]} The Sun is also quite hot.^[3]

Notes

^ But Milner points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.
^ The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jonas (2005), The Solar System, MacMillan, p. 623.
^ Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peters (2005), Astronomy, MacMillan, p. 623.

Citations

^ Milner 2005, p. 23
^ Braun 2001, p. 46
^ Smyth 2005, p. 334

References

Braun (2001), The Moon, Penguin.
Milner (2005), The Sun, Oxford.
Smyth (2005), The Universe, Random House.

Shortened footnotes with separate explanatory notes with references

This method uses {{sfn}} to create the main footnotes, {{refn}} to create the explanatory notes and {{sfn}} to create footnotes in the explanatory notes.

Markup

Renders as

The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|But Muller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Muller|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{refn|group=lower-alpha|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Broun|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Broun|2001|p=46}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Smiths|2005|p=334}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==Citations==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation |last=Broun |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}}
* {{citation |last=Muller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}}
* {{citation |last=Smiths |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}}
{{refend}}

The Sun is pretty big.^[1]^[a] But the Moon^[b] is not so big.^[3]^[c] The Sun is also quite hot.^[4]

Notes

^ But Muller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.^[1]
^ The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.^[2]
^ Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.

Citations

^ ^a ^b Muller 2005, p. 23.
^ Broun 2001, p. 63.
^ Broun 2001, p. 46.
^ Smiths 2005, p. 334.

References

Broun (2001), The Moon, Penguin
Muller (2005), The Sun, Oxford
Smiths (2005), The Universe, Random House

This method uses {{sfn}} to create the main footnotes, {{efn}} to create the explanatory notes, {{sfn}} to create footnotes in the explanatory notes and {{notelist}} to create the notes list.

Markup

Renders as

The Sun is pretty big.{{sfn|Mueller|2005|p=23}}{{efn|But Mueller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.{{sfn|Mueller|2005|p=23}}}} But the Moon{{efn|The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.{{sfn|Braune|2001|p=63}}}} is not so big.{{sfn|Braune|2001|p=46}}{{efn|Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.}} The Sun is also quite hot.{{sfn|Schmidt|2005|p=334}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==Citations==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation |last=Braune |title=The Moon |publisher=Penguin |year=2001}}
* {{citation |last=Mueller |title=The Sun |publisher=Oxford |year=2005}}
* {{citation |last=Schmidt |title=The Universe |publisher=Random House |year=2005}}
{{refend}}

The Sun is pretty big.^[1]^[a] But the Moon^[b] is not so big.^[3]^[c] The Sun is also quite hot.^[4]

Notes

^ But Mueller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.^[1]
^ The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.^[2]
^ Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.

Citations

^ ^a ^b Mueller 2005, p. 23.
^ Braune 2001, p. 63.
^ Braune 2001, p. 46.
^ Schmidt 2005, p. 334.

References

Braune (2001), The Moon, Penguin
Mueller (2005), The Sun, Oxford
Schmidt (2005), The Universe, Random House

[Foot01-1] Miller (2005), The Sun, Oxford, p. 23. But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.

[Foot02-2] The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jones (2005), The Solar System, MacMillan, p. 623.

[Foot03-3] Brown (2006), The Moon, Penguin, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Peterson (2005), Astronomy, MacMillan, p. 623.

[Foot04-4] Smith (2005), The Universe, Random House, p. 334.

[Note01-6] But Miller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.

[Note02-7] The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.

[Note03-9] Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.

[Foot01-5] Miller (2005), The Sun, Oxford, p. 23.

[Foot02-8] Brown (2006), The Moon, Penguin, p. 46.

[Foot03-10] Smith (2005), The Universe, Random House, p. 334.

[Foot01-14] Mills 2005, p. 23. But Mills points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.

[Foot02-15] The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Johns (2005), The Solar System, MacMillan, p. 623.

[Foot03-16] Browne 2001, p. 46. Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example Petersen (2005), Astronomy, MacMillan, p. 623.

[Foot04-17] Smithe 2005, p. 334.

[Note01-19] But Milner points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.

[Note02-20] The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena - see, for example Jonas (2005), The Solar System, MacMillan, p. 623.

[Note03-22] Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large, see, for example, Peters (2005), Astronomy, MacMillan, p. 623.

[Foot01-18] Milner 2005, p. 23

[Foot02-21] Braun 2001, p. 46

[Foot03-23] Smyth 2005, p. 334

[28] But Muller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.^[1]

[30] The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.^[2]

[32] Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.

[FOOTNOTEMuller200523-27] Muller 2005, p. 23.

[FOOTNOTEBroun200163-29] Broun 2001, p. 63.

[FOOTNOTEBroun200146-31] Broun 2001, p. 46.

[FOOTNOTESmiths2005334-33] Smiths 2005, p. 334.

[35] But Mueller points out that the Sun is not as large as some other stars.^[1]

[37] The Moon goes by other names, such as Selena.^[2]

[39] Historically the Moon was not always considered to be large.

[FOOTNOTEMueller200523-34] Mueller 2005, p. 23.

[FOOTNOTEBraune200163-36] Braune 2001, p. 63.

[FOOTNOTEBraune200146-38] Braune 2001, p. 46.

[FOOTNOTESchmidt2005334-40] Schmidt 2005, p. 334.

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DOSEN PROFIL LENGKAP

Help:Explanatory notes

Note formats

Footnotes mixed with explanatory notes

Footnotes with separate explanatory notes

Shortened footnotes mixed with explanatory notes

Shortened footnotes with separate explanatory notes

Shortened footnotes with separate explanatory notes with references

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