Ferula

For other uses, see Ferula (disambiguation).

Ferula
Ferula communis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Spermatophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Subfamily: Apioideae
Tribe: Scandiceae
Subtribe: Ferulinae
Genus: Ferula
L.
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Agasulis Raf.
    • Buniotrinia Stapf & Wettst.
    • Dardanis Raf.
    • Diserneston Jaub. & Spach
    • Dorema D.Don
    • Eriosynaphe DC.
    • Euryangium Kauffm.
    • Merwia B.Fedtsch.
    • Narthex Falc.
    • Pinacantha Gilli
    • Polycyrtus Schltdl.
    • Schumannia Kuntze
    • Scorodosma Bunge
    • Soranthus Ledeb.
    • Sumbulus H.Reinsch
    • Talassia Korovin

Ferula (from Latin ferula 'rod') is a genus of about 220 species of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region east to central Asia, mostly growing in arid climates. Many plants of this genus, especially F. communis, are referred to as "giant fennel", although they are not fennel in the strict sense.[2][3]

Description

Ferula foetida

They are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 1–4 m tall, with stout, hollow, somewhat succulent stems. The leaves are tripinnate or even more finely divided, with a stout basal sheath clasping the stem. The basal sheaths of Ferula oopoda, for example, are up to 15 cm (6 in) long and form a cup holding about a cup of rainwater.[4] The flowers are usually yellow, rarely white, produced in large umbels.

Selected species

Main article: List of Ferula species

Uses

Ferula in Iran
Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae. Ferula mushroom in Bingöl, Turkey

The Roman spice laserpicium probably came from a species of Ferula, either an extinct one or Ferula tingitana or more recently Ferula drudeana, though other identities have been suggested. The Romans called the hollow light rod made from this plant a ferula (compare also fasces, judicial birches). Such rods were used for walking sticks, splints, for stirring boiling liquids, and for corporal punishment.[citation needed]

The gummy resin of many species of Ferula is used for various purposes:

References

  1. ^ "Ferula Tourn. ex L." Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
  2. ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Ferula
  3. ^ Flora of Pakistan, Ferula Linn
  4. ^ T.I. Agagmuradov, Badghiz, (1984)p. 187
  5. ^ Bulfina, Ovidiu. "Discovery! New plant species in Romania". Birdlife International. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  6. ^ Plants for a Future, Ferula assa-foetida L., Asafoetida - Devil's Dung. Hing

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