Fan Ben

In this Chinese name, the family name is Fan.

Fan Ben (Chinese: 范賁; died c.May 349),[1] was a politician and emperor of the Cheng-Han dynasty during the Sixteen Kingdoms. He was the son of Fan Changsheng, and after the fall Cheng-Han to the Jin dynasty (266–420) in 347, he led a restoration of the state, briefly ruling over it before his defeat and death in 349. Despite proclaiming himself emperor, most, if not all, historians do not acknowledge his reign and consider Li Shi as the last true ruler of Cheng-Han.

Life

Fan Ben's family was from Danxing County (丹興縣; in present-day Qianjiang District, Chongqing) in Fuling Commandery (涪陵郡). His father, Fan Changsheng, was a famous Taoist leader who supported the Ba-Di rebel, Li Xiong, in forming the state of Cheng-Han in 304. Li Xiong showed him great favour and appointed him Chancellor. Fan Ben also served in Cheng-Han's government as a Palace Attendant. After Changsheng's death in May or June 318, his office was inherited by Fan Ben.[2]

In 347, the Jin general, Huan Wen, conquered Cheng-Han and received the emperor, Li Shi's surrender. However, some remnants of Cheng-Han continued to resist Jin despite their takeover. On 25 May 347, after Huan Wen left Yi province, the rebel generals, Deng Ding (鄧定) and Wei Wen (隗文), captured Chengdu.[3] Due to Changsheng's immense reputation in the region, they proclaimed Fan Ben as their leader. According to historical records, he supposedly tricked many people of Shu into joining them through the use of the occult and mysticism.[4]

Fan Ben's rule lasted until 349. In the summer of that year, Jin's Inspector of Yizhou, Zhou Fu and the general, Zhu Dao (朱燾) campaigned against him. They were able to kill him and restore order to the province.[5]

References

Citations

  1. ^ The Zizhi Tongjian recorded that Fan died in the 4th month of the 5th year of the Yonghe era of the reign of Emperor Mu of Jin; the month corresponds to 4 May to 1 Jun 349 in the Julian calendar.
  2. ^ ([玉衡]八年四月，范長生卒，以其子侍中賁為丞相。) Shiliuguo Chuqiu, vol.6
  3. ^ ([永和三年夏四月]丁巳，鄧定、隗文復入據成都...) Jin Shu, vol.8
  4. ^ (隗文、鄧定等立故國師範長生之子賁為帝而奉之，以妖異惑眾，蜀人多歸之。) Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 97
  5. ^ ([永和五年]夏，四月，益州刺史周撫、龍驤將軍朱燾出範賁，斬之，益州平。) Zizhi Tongjian, vol.98

Bibliography

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