DOSEN PROFIL LENGKAP

Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks. Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes)...

from UV light. Most parrotfish species are herbivores, feeding mainly on epilithic algae. A wide range of other small organisms are sometimes eaten, including...

vegetation Algal community types: Epipelic: Algae that grow on sediments Epilithic: Algae that grow on rocks Epipsammic: Algae that grow on (or within) sand...

Brazil, not far from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. It is an epiphytic and epilithic species of Philodendron (growing upon trees or rock outcroppings). This...

plants (in a first stage nitrogen-fixing lichens and cyanobacteria then epilithic higher plants) become established very quickly on basaltic lava, even...

Prize (2022) Scientific career Fields Marine biology Microplastics Institutions University of Plymouth Thesis The Ecology of Epilithic Microalgae (1996)...

Gunnar St.; Jonsson, Gunnar St. (1992). "Photosynthesis and Production of Epilithic Algal Communities in Thingvallavatn". Oikos. 64 (1/2): 222–240. Bibcode:1992Oikos...

called a saxicolous lichen. Crustose lichens that grow on the rock are epilithic, and those that grow immersed inside rock, growing between the crystals...

corticolous); Placocarpus schaereri (crustose/areolate, epilithic); Staurothele elenkinii (crustose, epilithic); and Wahlenbergiella mucosa (crustose, epilithic)...

Gephyrochromid cuspid-like teeth that are flat for removing epixlyic or epilithic algae from wood. In the lake, schools of 30-50 individuals surrounding...

lithophytic, epilithic. epiphloeodal Growing on the surface of bark. Contrast endophloeodal (growing inside, not on, the bark) and epilithic (growing on...

associated with tunicates, and from rocks in intertidal zones (i.e. epilithic). It was first discovered in 1993 from coastal isolates of coral in the...

Codium duthiae is a species of seaweed in the Codiaceae family. The epilithic green marine alga typically grows to a height of 60 centimetres (24 in)...

; Peña-Salamanca, Enrique; Schuch, Marilia; Lobo, Eduardo A. (2019). "Epilithic diatom flora in Cali River hydrographical basin, Colombia". Rodriguésia...

Schlumbergera species grow either on trees (epiphytic) or on rocks (epilithic) and can form sizeable shrubs with woody bases; a height of up to 1.2 m...

pendulous epiphyte in tropical rainforests, some species may also grow epilithic or, rarely, terrestrial. The genus is found widely in Central America...

using it as an attachment point are given the designation epiphytic (epilithic is the name given to plants/algae that use rocks or boulders for attachment)...

Cellana grata is a true limpet, that feeds on epilithic biofilm. This species is found off the coast from Japan to Vietnam. Hylleberg J, & Kilburn RN...

lith- stone Greek λίθος (líthos) aerolithology, endolith, endolithic, epilithic, lithagogue, lithic, lithography, lithology, lithophile, lithophone, lithophyte...

on the steep limestone ramparts of Cerro Anguciana. Plants that were epilithic had flattened leaves and spikes against the rock. Short, thick, subcormose...

mineral grains. The upper cortex is usually developed. E.g. Genus Lecidea Epilithic – grows on top of the rock without penetrating the rock substrate. E.g...

wide that are attached to sandy substrates with tufts of rhizoids. It epilithic and is found in the intertidal and subtidal zones. In Western Australia...

Xanthoria elegans, and X. mawsonii. In the Dry Valleys the normally epilithic lichen species (Acarospora gwynnii, Buellia frigida, B. grisea, B. pallida...

including the Azores. The Mediterranean parrotfish feeds primarily on epilithic and coralline algae, but may also take epiphytic algae (growing on seagrass)...

genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae. It comprises more than 30 epilithic or low-epiphytic species under two subgenera. The genus is accepted in...

scalpelliformis is a species of seaweed in the Caulerpaceae family. The epilithic green seaweed typically grows to a height of 20 centimetres (7.9 in) and...

sect. Pachyneurium, it grows terrestrially or occasionally epiphytic or epilithic. It is often confused with Anthurium jenmanii when young and Anthurium...

it condenses. S. opuntioides grows on trees (epiphytic) or on rocks (epilithic). It is listed in the category of "near threatened" due to loss of habitat...

diverse understorey of ferns such as Davallia canariensis (a Macaronesian epilithic fern species) and bryophytes, which require moisture for reproduction...

epiphytes on other flora (e.g. seagrass, other alga) or on rocky substrates (epilithic). While commonly attached to a substrate, thalli of Ectocarpus may also...

Burren does not show a clear ecological succession from endolithic to epilithic species. Archaeological evidence from cave finds of butchered bones have...

Lithophyte – Growing on rocks Endolithic – growing in crevices of rocks. Epilithic – growing on the surface of rocks. Mallee – a term applied to certain...

Marie-Galante Rivière du Vieux-Fort Taxonomical and ecological studies on epilithic diatom communities of watercourses from Guadeloupe GEOnet Names Server...

Flavoplaca sol, with its well-defined, cracked-areolate, completely epilithic thallus and sessile apothecia the same colour as its thallus, can be easily...

marine environments. (Pg. 138) Distribution & Habitat This species is epilithic, attaching to rocky substrates in the low intertidal to subtidal zones...

thallus forms a thin crust closely attached to the rock (crustose and epilithic), grey-green to yellow-green, and cracked into small irregular plates...

locations where it condenses. S. microsphaerica usually grows on rocks (epilithic) or on trees (epiphytic). It is listed as threatened by loss of habitat...

white to light ashy gray crustose areolate lichen that grows on rocks (epilithic) in montane habitats. It has a black edge from the conspicuous, more or...

as a new species in 1803 by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius. The epilithic thallus of Verrucaria muralis is thin (0.02–0.2 mm thick,) and greyish...

greyish-brown. It can be endolithic (growing within the rock) or thinly epilithic (growing on the surface), and its appearance ranges from continuous to...

are arranged in rows; on the surface of the stipe is special bladelets. Epilithic, found deep rock pools in the lower littoral and to a depth of 30 m in...

and China (S. fluviatilis). Sphacelaria species are epiphytic and/or epilithic in nature, they form filamentous tufts or mats on the surfaces they have...

to Codium lucasii, which adheres more tightly to rock surfaces. It is epilithic in the subtidal and intertidal zones. Mostly situated in calmer waters...

complex, but a little rosy on the inside". Lecidea hoganii has a crustose, epilithic thallus that is conspicuously raised above the substrate, forming rosettes...

A.; Ogawa, A.; Kowalski, M.; Celikkol-Aydin, S.; Beech, I. (2017). "Epilithic and endolithic microorganisms and deterioration on stone church facades...

of chest tombs and the copings of walls and bridges. It is generally epilithic, meaning that it grows on the surface of rocks, but in a few instances...

C−, KC−, and CK−. UV fluorescence is − (dark). Buellia stellulata, an epilithic lichen, thrives on siliceous rock surfaces (typically HCl−) and is commonly...

found to be a possible response to survive. Bryopsis contains mostly epilithic but sometimes free-floating algae that occupy a range of habitats including...

2006. Ndiritu, G. G., N. N. Gichuki and L. Triest. 2006. Distribution of epilithic diatoms in response to environmental conditions in an urban tropical stream...

natural fissures of the granite (chasmolithic) and on the exposed surface (epilithic). Black pycnidia are rare and inconspicuous; they provide an asexual means...

Bulbophyllum nigericum is an epiphytic or epilithic plant species in the family Orchidaceae. It is native to Cameroon (Enyandong, Mt Kupe and the Bakossi...

running freshwater streams and rivers. In these environments, they graze on epilithic algae and organic detritus. Their complex respiratory adaptations—specifically...

and is unreactive to iodine-potassium iodide (IKI). The lichen lacks an epilithic (on the rock surface) thallus. Its apothecia (fruiting bodies) are round...

Bratsi Heredia La Virgen Stoloniferous, appressed-climbing epiphytes or epilithic. Stems: spreading-hirsute with uniseriate hairs, 2–8 x 0.10–0.15 cm, erect...

Anthurium of the section Pachyneurium, it grows either terrestrially or epilithically in areas of seasonal dryness. It has erect leaves that feel like leather...

immersed in or growing upon the surface of the substrate (endolithic or epilithic). The thallus may be inconspicuous or barely visible to the naked eye...

γ-strain is epidemiologically significant. Neotricula aperta is exclusively epilithic or epixylic (on rotting wood). Neotricula aperta is found only in shallow...

northwestern Pacific Ocean off Japan and Taiwan. It primarily feeds on epilithic red algae and detritus growing on rocky surfaces. Coralline algae is less...

lith- stone Greek λίθος (líthos) aerolithology, endolith, endolithic, epilithic, lithagogue, lithic, lithography, lithology, lithophile, lithophone, lithophyte...

municipal sewage and buffalo dung), macrophytes, algae of the filamentous and epilithic (aufwuchs) variety, invertebrates such as mollusks, crustaceans, and insects...

aethalea are norstictic and connorstictic acids. This lichen species is epilithic, growing on a variety of siliceous (HCl-) rock substrates. Buellia aethalea...

Uta; Ryan, Bruce D.; Larson, Douglas W. (2000). "Community structure of epilithic lichens on the cliffs of the Niagara Escarpment, Ontario, Canada". Plant...

broad. In colour it is pinkish or purple. The structure is multiaxial. Epilithic or epiphytic in the lower littoral in rock pools and in the sublittoral...

forms a thin crust on rock, either endolithic (inside the rock) or semi-epilithic (partly on the surface). It is continuous, smooth to finely wrinkled,...

Pyrenodesmia later that year. The thallus of Pyrenodesmia micromontana is epilithic (growing on the rock surface), typically less than 150 μm thick, and shows...

Limited; mostly melanin Diverse (acids, depsides, depsidones) Substrate penetration Often endolithic or endophloeodal Typically epilithic or epiphytic...

likhenobiota khrebta Polonyna Bukovska (Uzhanskyi natsionalnyi pryrodnyi park)" [Epilithic lichen biota of the Polonyna Bukovska ridge (Uzhanskyi National Nature...

purplish red. Found in rock pools in the littoral or upper sublittoral, epilithic or epiphytic. Recorded from the British Isles, Mauritania, Canary Islands...

substrates to which the phytobenthos is attached, they would be considered as epilithic (growing on rocks and other manmade, artificial substances), epipelic...

shows a strong preference for siliceous rocks, making it primarily an epilithic lichen. While it predominantly colonises rock surfaces, specimens have...

atramentosa exhibits trail following behaviour. The species feeds by scraping epilithic algae using their radula. Nerites are preyed upon by reef crabs (Ozius...

and Adey, P.J. 1973. Studies on the Biosystematics and ecology of the epilithic crustose Corallinaceae of the British Isles. Br.phycol.J. 8: 343–407 Abbott...

surface forming a patchwork when meeting other incrusting algae. Common, epilithic on rock and shells in the literal and sublittoral to a depth of 30m, growing...

Tasmania, is now considered a synonym of V. adguttata. The thallus is an epilithic (rock-dwelling) crust that adheres tightly to the substrate and is rather...

"Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Mt. Fleons(Carnic Alps, Italy) I. Epilithic and epigaeic species". Herzogia. 14: 99–111. Bibcode:2000Herz...14...99T...

with little or no visible thallus on the outer rock surface. Contrast: epilithic. See related: chasmoendolith, cryptoendolith, euendolith. endophloeodal...

species of crab. Mayflies are a group of insects found to feed off of epilithic algae from near streams in New Mexico, United States. In a study to examine...

Erichansenia species are found in diverse ecological niches, including epilithic habitats on naked granite rocks, cracks, and small crevices. They may...

Soultanpour-Gargari, Ali; Lodenius, Martin; Hinz, Friedel (July 2011). "Epilithic diatoms (Bacillariophycae) from streams in Ramsar, Iran". Acta Botanica...

sporophyte features are variable between genera. Species are epiphytic, epilithic, or aquatic. The Neckeraceae were originally placed within the Leucodontales...

McAllister, and Ian Hawes. "Entrapped sediments as a source of phosphorus in epilithic cyanobacterial proliferations in low nutrient rivers." PLoS One 10, no...

and minimal thallus. The thallus of Rhizocarpon exiguum is crustose, epilithic, and spreads out to about 10–15 mm wide. It is typically off-white to...

grows on or within marine algae, such as Turnerella, but it may also be epilithic. It is restricted to Arctic waters. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Arthrochaete...

and tetrasporangia developing in the surface layer, cruciate. Generally epilithic in rock pools of the littoral zone. Common around the British Isles. Europe...

experimental analysis of factors controlling the standing crop of the epilithic algal community on a coral reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology...

The thallus of Myriospora myochroa grows directly on rock surfaces (epilithic), forming a crust of individual patches (areoles) that may remain separate...

coral polyps, and they are known primarily to be herbivores. By consuming epilithic algae, the fish are able to open space for young coral settlement and...

colour of the apothecial discs. Sanguineodiscus species have crustose, epilithic or epiphytic thalli, which can be white to dark gray. The cortex is paraplectenchymatous...

U. squamulosa. Upretia squamulosa is characterised by its squamulose, epilithic thallus that ranges in colour from greyish green to brown. The squamules...

They are exclusively multicellular, like all Polyidaceae. Generally epilithic in rock pools in the littoral and upper sublittoral. Sand tolerant. Generally...

experimental analysis of factors controlling the standing crop of the epilithic algal community on a coral reef". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology...

forests composed almost entirely of treeferns, bromeliad-laden cliffs, epilithic subalpine plant communities, and others. The ecotones between these vegetation...

and Korea. The dark brown, crust-like thallus of Verrucaria simplex is epilithic, meaning it grows on the surface of its substrate. It is 50–90 μm thick...

Luc; Torgan, Lezilda C.; Lobo, Eduardo A. (2012). "Composition of the epilithic diatom flora from a subtropical river, Southern Brazil". Iheringia, Série...

and in producing gyrophoric acid without lecanoric acid. The thallus is epilithic and areolate to squamulose, with an irregular outline. Individual squamules...

and epilithic herbs are: Vittaria flexuosa Elaphoglossum yoshinagae Lepisorus bicolor Pyrrosia stigmosa Some common deciduous epiphytic and epilithic herbs...

patches up to 1 mm wide. Growing on rock or large algae epiphytically and epilithically in the low littoral and upper sub-littoral. In Ireland this has been...

Beyond these interactions, Xanthoria parietina often overgrows other epilithic lichens without affecting their photobionts. It also supports microbial...

creating a larger spread on the substrate, which is typically rock (epilithic). The thallus texture ranges from smooth and continuous in thinner forms...

Diane S. "Productivity and nutrient relationships in psammophytic versus epilithic forms of Bryopsidales (Chlorophyta): comparisons based on a short-term...

surfaces. The thallus can be endolithic (growing within the rock) or thinly epilithic (growing on the surface), and is often continuous or irregularly cracked...

reef habitats, often in crevices or other shaded areas. They are also epilithic, epiphytic, and could form free-living clumps called articuliths. Like...

in the genus Rhizocarpon. Rhizocarpon flavomedullosum has a crustose, epilithic, and areolate thallus that appears grey to dark grey and measures 1–3 cm...

Retrieved 7 July 2017. "Presence and Sources of Faecal Coliform Bacteria in Epilithic Periphyton Communities of Lake Superior" (PDF). American Society for Microbiology...

(Epiphytic macrolichens of Estonia), Eesti kividel kasvavad suursamblikud (Epilithic macrolichens of Estonia) and Eesti maapinna suursamblikud (Epigeic macrolichens...

zones” used by P. confusalis are often quite large, and can contribute to epilithic spatial patchiness. Habitat degradation due to anthropogenic factors and...

apex of the branches. Common but not as common as Osmundea pinnatifida. Epilithic in the littoral on stones, rock and on limpets. Spermatangial receptacles...

locations where it condenses. Schlumbergera kautskyi grows either on rocks (epilithic) or more rarely on trees (epiphytic). It is listed as "endangered" in...

central strand is composed of filaments intricately entangled. Midlittoral, epilithic and on BalanusPatella. The life-history is not fully confirmed. However...

upon the fact that the maximum diameter of the largest thallus of an epilithic lichen growing on a substrate is directly proportional to the time from...

found from the tropics up to the Arctic. Colpomenia species can either be epilithic (attached on a substrate) or epiphytic (attached on another seaweed) and...

colder epochs. Lichens are abundant, with epiphytic species in forests, epilithic species on rocks, and halophytic lichens along coastal overwash zones...

rock surfaces. It can be endolithic (growing within the rock) or thinly epilithic (growing on the surface), and is often continuous rather than fragmented...

gastropods are known as mesograzers. They are commonly known to graze upon epilithic microalgae on rocky shores. The grazing gastropods in these regions are...

Täuscher). It belongs to the class of crustose communities or mats of epilithic algae Lemaneetea. In another system, the Rheithrophilo-Hildenbrandietum...

 tetraspora itself formed patches up to several centimetres across on the epilithic surface (on top of the rock). Although recorded in Europe, the species...

ecological and geographical specificity. Parmelia serrana features a crustose, epilithic thallus that is closely adpressed to the substrate and forms orbicular...

Candelariella clarkiae, which differs from C. corviniscalensis in its epilithic thallus and immersed, pseudolecanorine apothecia. "Candelariella corviniscalensis...

in damp, shady conditions. It is morphologically distinct from other epilithic species in the genus due to the absence of vegetative propagules, pale...

(2012) studied the effect of the grazing of Theodoxus fluviatilis on epilithic meiofauna and algae. Theodoxus fluviatilis is gonochoristic, which means...

(crustose growth). Most species live directly on rock, either on the surface (epilithic) or boring into it (endolithic), while others parasitise the thalli of...

there; long-distance dispersal explains scattered occurrences elsewhere. Epilithic species have constrained ranges tied to suitable siliceous rock, whereas...

study. As circumscribed by the 2014 revision, Willeya comprises crustose, epilithic lichens with a weakly differentiated upper layer (a "pseudocortex"), perithecia...

alpine regions. The thallus of Rhizocarpon austroalpinum is crustose and epilithic (on the rock surface), spreading up to approximately 5 cm in width, and...

Ramana, ChV (2011). "Blastochloris gulmargensis sp. nov., isolated from an epilithic phototrophic biofilm". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary...

two septa. Later re-examination of Szatala's type material found the epilithic thallus to be thin but usually more than 100 μm and up to about 140 μm...

as the type species. The genus Placopyrenium is characterised by its epilithic (growing on rocks) thallus, which is thick and distinctly patterned, breaking...

primarily endolithic (growing within the rock) but can sometimes be thinly epilithic (growing on the surface). A distinctive feature of this species is the...

lichen species was first identified. Rhizocarpon vigilans has a crustose, epilithic (growing on the rock surface) thallus that is pale to medium grey, sometimes...

"Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the bacterial communities in stream epilithic biofilms." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 65, no. 3 (2008): 463–473. Greening...

typically white, grey, or occasionally pale brown. It is usually thinly epilithic (growing on the rock surface) but can sometimes be endolithic (growing...

genetic group. Pyrenocollema elegans is characterized by its distinctive epilithic thallus, which forms rosettes up to 10 mm in diameter. These rosettes...

the Stanovoy Highlands (Baikal Siberia). II. Addition to the flora of epilithic lichens of the Kodar Range]. Turczaninowia (in Russian). 8 (3): 60–66...

survival in Mars environment. Cryptoendolithic microbial communities and epilithic lichens have been considered as appropriate candidates for the scenario...

Tsunskaya, Anna A. (2016). "Structural and functional adaptations of epilithic lichens of Umbilicaria genus in the White Sea coastal conditions". Czech...

(rose-red), KC−, and Pd−. Lepraria crassissima grows on siliceous rock and epilithic mosses, and sometimes occurs on bark or calcareous rock. It is found in...

thin and largely endolithic (immersed in the rock) to more conspicuous, epilithic crusts. The thallus is usually areolate to squamulose and may be umbilicate...

(2018-04-04). "Chloroplast genome analyses and genomic resource development for epilithic sister genera Oresitrophe and Mukdenia (Saxifragaceae), using genome skimming...

endolithic, often indistinct, but it may develop as a very thin to thin epilithic crust that is cracked to finely areolate; in places it can be reduced...

III, T.H. (2003). "Historical and current atmospheric deposition to the epilithic lichen Xanthoparmelia in Maricopa County, Arizona". Environmental Pollution...

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Lipids As a Grazer Defense Reaction in Epilithic Diatom Biofilms". Journal of Phycology. 37 (5): 744–55. doi:10.1046/j...

similar species. The thallus of Rhizocarpon torquatum is crustose and epilithic, forming colonies approximately 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) wide, varying in colour...

S.; Hawkins, S. J. (2009-05-11). "Seasonal And Spatial Variation of Epilithic Micro Algal Distribution and Abundance and its Ingestion By Patella Vulgata...

lichens (lichenicolous). When present, the thallus grows on rock surfaces (epilithic) or within the outer layers of rock (endolithic). Their photosynthetic...

(in Chinese). 18 (4): 445–448. Christensen, Steen N. (2014). "Notes on epilithic and epigeic lichens from granite and gneiss outcrops in mountains of Makedonia...

distributed in the north Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, where it grows epilithically or epiphytically in the littoral or sublittoral zones.  In Great Britain...

S. elegans are only restricted to mesophotic depths. S. okamurae is epilithic and found between 4–6 meters in depth. Lastly, S. thoracica thrive in...

Myriospora from true Acarospora species. Myriospora signyensis grows epilithically (on rock surfaces), predominantly on quartz-biotite mica schist in montane...

algae, cyanobacteria and bryophytes. Terrestrial vegetation includes epilithic lichen and moss communities. Invertebrates are abundant. Weddell seals...

Peyssonneliales order algae are red, crustose, prostrate, and usually epilithic (growing on the surfaces of rocks). The crusts may be non-calcified throughout...

Although typically found growing as an epiphyte, it also grows on rocks (epilithic) and sand. S. ulvoidea grows mainly as an epiphyte. Some of its common...

within one year; and can live 5 years. Elimia virginica is grazer of epilithic periphyton. Trematodes are often parasitic in reproductive organs of this...

S2CID 20384789. Lange, Otto L. (2003). "Photosynthetic productivity of the epilithic lichen Lecanora muralis: long-term field monitoring of CO2 exchange and...

holdfast was described to be discoid to conical  pseudoparenchymatous; epilithic or epiphytic. The apices of fronds formed a dome-shaped apical cell segmenting...

Historical herbarium material labelled as the European C. lithophila or as epilithic (rock-dwelling) forms of Athallia pyracea and Athallia holocarpa (both...

Xerocrassa geyeri feeds on dead plants, but rarely also on living plants, epilithic lichens and on algae. Its active dispersal capacity is about 3 m during...