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Colonization or colonisation is defined as "the act or process of sending people to live in and govern another country". The term "colonization" is sometimes...

would try to colonise were hospitable and fertile. As well as demographic pressure, environmental factors could prompt the colonisation of other lands...

relationship between the coloniser and colonised and reminds us of the violence inflicted on African bodies throughout the process of colonisation. It cannot be...

Curonian colonisation is a collective name given to the colonisation efforts of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (today part of Latvia), a vassal...

competition-colonisation trade off. This idea goes into the driving factors of colonisation through many species that all share a need to expand. Colonisation occurs...

deployed in the Japanese colonisation of Korea and Taiwan. Japanese proponents of colonisation argued that the colonisation of Hokkaido would serve as...

established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, and colonisation attempts by Scotland during the 17th century. At its height in the 19th...

The Scramble for Africa was the invasion, conquest, and colonisation of most of Africa by seven Western European powers which were driven by the Second...

Kingdom Middle Kingdom New Kingdom Goguryeo Harsha Hellenistic Greek colonisation Macedonian Seleucid Ptolemaic Bactrian Indo-Greek Hittite Hunnic White...

The colonisation of Oceania includes: Colonisation of Australia Colonisation of New Zealand Colonisation of the Pacific islands Europeans in Oceania Indigenous...

space exploration activities. Spaceflight portal Billionaire space race Colonisation (biology) Colonization of Antarctica Directed panspermia Domed city Human...

The Frankish colonisation (German: Fränkische Landnahme) refers to the colonisation of regions in present-day Germany (mainly in the Rhine-Main-Danube...

The British colonization of the Americas is the history of establishment of control, settlement, and colonization of the continents of the Americas by...

but no attempt was made to follow this with colonisation. Although various proposals for the colonisation of Australia were made prior to 1788, none were...

British America was part of the global British Empire, comprising colonies of the Kingdom of Great Britain, and its predecessor state, the Kingdom of England...

Thornton, pp. xvii, 36. Amos, Jonathan (February 2, 2019). "America colonisation 'cooled Earth's climate'". BBC. Archived from the original on January...

2015. Print. Bharmal, Zahaan (August 28, 2018). "The case against Mars colonisation". the Guardian. Retrieved September 14, 2024. Cisneros, Isabella (August...

The Swedish colonisation of Finland took place during the Northern Crusades from the 12th century until the 1350s. Sweden's colonisation efforts focused...

(Irish: Plandáil Uladh; Ulster Scots: Plantin o Ulstèr) was the organised colonisation ("plantation") of the Irish province of Ulster by people from Great Britain...

Montenegrin settlers. Some Serb colonisation of Kosovo took place during the Balkan Wars. Serbia undertook measures for colonisation by enacting a decree aimed...

The Norse began exploring North America in the late 10th century. Voyages from Iceland reached Greenland, where colonists founded settlements along its...

Dutch exploration of most of the coastline in the 17th century. British colonisation began in 1788 with the establishment of the penal colony of New South...

The Bantu expansion was a major series of prehistoric-migrations of the original Proto-Bantu-speaking group, which spread from an original nucleus around...

Undoing political, economic and cultural legacies of colonisation...

António Correia, making it the first country in the Middle East to be fully colonised by any European power. During the same year of 1521, the boundaries specified...

Colonization is a trilogy of alternate history books by American writer Harry Turtledove. It is a series continuation of the situation set up in the Worldwar...

The colonization of Venus is the proposed process of establishing human settlements on the planet Venus. Due to the planet's extremely hostile surface...

spice trade attracted Portuguese traders to Kerala, initiating European colonisation in India. After Indian independence in 1947, the kingdoms Travancore...

This is a chronology and timeline of the European colonization of the Americas, with founding dates of selected European settlements. 986: Norsemen settle...

share a strong Trans-Tasman identity, stemming from centuries of British colonisation. The country is part of multiple international organisations and forums...

Cossacks Uprisings Kosiński Nalyvaiko Khmelnytsky Hadiach Treaty Hetmanate Colonisation of Siberia Bulavin Rebellion Pugachev's Rebellion Communism De-Cossackization...

The Dutch began their colonisation of the Guianas, the coastal region between the Orinoco and Amazon rivers in South America, in the late 16th century...

difficulties. In 1799, the company was dissolved, commencing official colonisation of the East Indies. During the era of New Imperialism the territorial...

their confrontations with Aboriginal people. British colonisation of South Australia British colonisation of Tasmania European Australian Europeans in Oceania...

19th century. Modern Irish English, however, has its roots in English colonisation in the 17th century. Today Irish English is divided into Ulster English...

Milliman p. 2. Jan M. Piskorski: "The historiography of the so-called 'east colonisation' and the current state of research" in: The Man of Many Devices, Who...

The first phase of European colonisation of Southeast Asia took place throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. Where new European powers competing to gain...

find out the reality once they had arrived in New Zealand. This private colonisation project was part of the reason that the British Colonial Office decided...

The Jewish Colonisation Association (JCA or ICA; (Yiddish/Hebrew: יק"א)) was an organisation created on September 11, 1891, by Baron Maurice de Hirsch...

imperialism, Siam remained the only country in Southeast Asia to avoid colonisation by European powers, although it ceded territory, trade rights, and legal...

The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies, was a Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which...

Decolonization – Undoing political, economic and cultural legacies of colonisation Democratic peace theory – International relations theory Exploitation...

in pre-Columbian times. The modern country has its roots in Spanish colonisation of the region during the 16th century. Argentina rose as the successor...

From 1732 to 1867, the Russian Empire laid claim to northern Pacific Coast territories in the Americas. Russian colonial possessions in the Americas were...

When the 1860s explorers focused attention on Africa, Leopold schemed to colonise Mozambique on the east coast, Senegal on the west coast, and the Congo...

collapsed suddenly around 1200 BCE, ushering the European Iron Age. Iron Age colonisation by the Greeks and Phoenicians gave rise to early Mediterranean cities...

Denmark and the former real union of Denmark–Norway had a colonial empire from the 17th through to the 20th centuries, large portions of which were found...

The Spanish colonization of the Americas began in 1493 on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic) after the initial 1492...

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Arabic: السودان الإنجليزي المصري, romanised: as-Sūdān al-Inglīzī al-Maṣrī) was a condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt between...

Sultanate of the Geledi. In the late 19th century, the Somali sultanates were colonised by the Italian and British empires, who merged all of these tribal territories...

The first European settlers were British, with the first evidence of colonisation being in 1632. The British and Amerindians did not have good relations...

interplay of international trade, environmental instability, and European colonisation. Chiefdoms grew wealthier and competed over trade routes and grazing...

the various waves of multi-ethnic migration which followed the British colonisation of New Zealand. The Māori people constitute one of the major cultures...

British colonisation of South Australia describes the planning and establishment of the colony of South Australia by the British government, covering the...

Zionism from a philosophical discourse to a practical programme for the colonisation of Palestine." Yadgar 2017, p. 207: "At the foundation of the Zionist...

German attempts at the colonization of the Americas consisted of German Venezuela (German: Klein-Venedig, also German: Welser-Kolonie), St. Thomas and...

France began colonizing the Americas in the 16th century and continued into the following centuries as it established a colonial empire in the Western...

War. Univ of North Carolina Press. Long, Brennan (2010-12-09). "Coca-Colonisation: Anti-American Sentiment in France". Americans in Paris, Fall 2010. Retrieved...

their leadership during the British invasion and colonisation, some for their resistance to that colonisation, and others for assisting the Europeans in exploring...

Kazimierz Nowak Age of Discovery Cartography of Africa Colonial Africa Colonisation of Africa List of European colonies in Africa Saharan explorers Scramble...

later became the de facto absolute ruler of New Russia, governing its colonisation. In 1780, Emperor Joseph II, the son of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa...

people’s longing for a Wales before English colonisation and for what it could have become had they not been colonised. It is specifically tied to Welsh culture...

colonists, Syracusans, and the Achaeans founded various cities. Greek colonisation placed the Italic peoples in contact with democratic forms of government...

the district of Santo Tomás "in perpetuity" to the Compagnie belge de colonisation [fr], a private Belgian company under Leopold's protection. It replaced...

and the later Vijayanagara Empire (14th–17th century CE). European colonisation began with establishing trade ports in the 17th century, with the British...

together with over three hundred Malagasy slaves, all in vain. When French colonisation began in 1715, the island was renamed "Isle de France". In 1810, the...

Jewish agricultural colonies in the Russian Empire, also referred to as individually as koloniia (pl. kolonii; Russian: колония) were first established...

Tasmanians died during a period of colonisation lasting around 27 years. By 1830, when the process of colonisation had been going on for two decades,...

The Italian colonization of Libya began in 1911 and it lasted until 1943. The country, which was previously an Ottoman possession, was occupied by Italy...

Colonization resistance is the mechanism whereby the microbiome protects itself against incursion by new and often harmful microorganisms. Colonization...

Baya, attempted to revive the prestigious Algerian past prior to French colonisation, at the same time that they have contributed to the preservation of the...

The Compagnie Commerciale de Colonisation du Congo Français, also known as the CCCCF or 4CF, was a colonial concession company set up in the Sangha River...

Society (also spelt National Colonisation Society) was created in 1830 in order to advocate for the type of "systematic colonisation" set out in Letter from...

The colonization of the Moon is a process or concept employed by some proposals for robotic or human exploitation and settlement endeavours on the Moon...

The exploration of Jupiter has been conducted via close observations by automated spacecraft. It began with the arrival of Pioneer 10 into the Jovian system...

human race were to be able to colonise additional planets before the disaster. Hawking viewed spaceflight and the colonisation of space as necessary for the...

whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English...

massacres that accompanied the war. Soon, there were concerted Serbian colonisation efforts in Kosovo during various periods between Serbia's 1912 takeover...

1177/0016549297059001003. ISSN 0016-5492. S2CID 145358972. Mufwene, Salikoko (2002). "Colonisation, globalisation, and the future of languages in the twenty-first century"...

Courland and Semigallia (now Latvia), which was the second-smallest state to colonise the Americas, after the Knights of Malta, as well as one of the two Eastern...

Warao. Historically dominated by the Lokono and Kalina tribes, Guyana was colonised by the Dutch before coming under British control in the late 18th century...

Alexander McNutt (1725, near Derry, Ireland – 1811, Lexington, Virginia) was a British Army officer, colonist and land agent, responsible for seeing an...

Sid Meier's Civilization IV: Colonization is a remake of the 1994 turn-based strategy game Sid Meier's Colonization. Players control settlers from one...

colonial subjects despite clearly being discriminatory towards the oppressed colonised peoples. This announcement was a sharp contrast with the former official...

Look up British India in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Presidencies and provinces of British India, collectively known as "British India", were the...

in a variety of up-country commodities, including slaves. Omani Arab colonisation of the Kenyan and Tanzanian coasts brought the once independent city-states...

Hart (15 September 2015). "Polar invasion: how plants and animals would colonise an ice-free Antarctica". Theconversation.com. Retrieved 18 November 2019...

claimed by the British.[citation needed] During the time of Sweden's colonisation of Africa's Gold Coast, the small Swedish slave trade began. However...

Scotland. During his reign, the Plantation of Ulster and the English colonisation of the Americas began. At 57 years and 246 days, James's reign in Scotland...

Journal of Libertarian Studies. V (4). Anne Ussishkin. (1973). The Jewish Colonisation Association and a Rothschild in Palestine. Middle Eastern Studies, 9(3)...

The exploration of Saturn has been performed solely by crewless probes. Three missions were flybys, which formed an extended foundation of knowledge about...

the impetus to establish a penal colony at Botany Bay. Proponents of colonisation also pointed to the strategic importance of a new base in the Asia-Pacific...

land. After Baron de Hirsch died in 1896, the Hirsch-founded Jewish Colonisation Association (ICA) started supporting the settlement of Palestine (1896)...

Morska Wola Haren, Germany Impact of Western European colonialism and colonisation Racism in Poland "Polska na koloniach, Focus magazine, 07/05/09". Archived...

The Netherlands began its colonization of the Americas with the establishment of trading posts and plantations. The first forts and settlements along the...

nation-state of Israel would not exist. He contends that without Hitler, the de-colonisation of former European spheres of influence would have been postponed. Further...

competition between the mother and daughter plants, as well as to enable the colonisation of new areas. Vectors can generally be divided into two categories: external...

kingdoms, Magna Graecia, other Greek colonies (First Greek colonisation, Second Greek colonisation, Greeks in pre-Roman Crimea, Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul,...

Portuguese colonization of the Americas (Portuguese: Colonização portuguesa das Américas) constituted territories in the Americas belonging to the Kingdom...

The Niger expedition of 1841 was mounted by British missionary and activist groups in 1841–1842, using three British iron steam vessels to travel to Lokoja...

Lagrange point colonization is a proposed form of space colonization of the five equilibrium points in the orbit of a planet or its primary moon, called...

colonization or colonisation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Colonization is the process of establishing a colony. Colonization or colonisation may also...

the country, such as the Mossi kingdoms, as well as the later French colonisation of the territory and its independence as the Republic of Upper Volta...

Community, a colonisation scheme was started at Periya Vilankulam (Mahadiulwewa) tank, 30 km north-west of Trincomalee town. The colonisation scheme was...

settled. The English began to focus on the New World, starting British colonisation in North America by establishing a colony at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607...

For this reason, video games love using Mars-related maps or themes – colonisation, space travel, dying and dystopian societies, scientific research settlements...

The Austrian colonization of the Nicobar Islands (German: Nikobaren, renamed to the Theresia Islands [Theresia-Inseln]) involved a series of three separate...

1880. No material benefits accrued to the Griquas as a result of either colonisation or annexation; they did not receive any share of the diamond wealth generated...

The history of the Philippines from 1898 to 1946 is known as the American colonial period. It was the United States colonization of the Philippines, and...

islands were the main stopover for Spanish galleons during the Spanish colonisation of the Americas, which sailed that far south in order to catch the prevailing...

expansion over the following 250 years was largely a result of British colonisation and resulted in the creation of several branch institutions, or independent...

the chronology of Sahul colonisation remains important, we see no arguable cause-and-effect nexus between when Sahul colonisation first occurred and AMH...

a strategy in the colonisation of Ireland during the 16th century. The historian David Edwards argues that the Tudor colonisation should not be considered...

The first wave of European colonization began with Spanish and Portuguese conquests and explorations, and primarily involved the European colonization...

Worldwar series. British editions are entitled Colonisation: Down to Earth and are the second of the Colonisation series. After the nuclear attack on the colonist...

Americas, he oversaw the continuation of Spanish colonisation and a short-lived German colonisation. The personal union of the European and American territories...

Christopher (Saint Kitts), from the start of English colonisation in 1623 and French colonisation in 1625, until the island's independence from the United...

the Millennium Forest, to recreate the Great Wood that existed before colonisation. The island's shoreline is deep and is known to have abundant red crab...

Welsh settlement in the Americas was the result of several individual initiatives to found distinctively Welsh settlements in the New World. It can be...

in the area. The Kingdom of Orungu was established around 1700. France colonised the region in the late 19th century. Since its independence from France...

included a lack of provisions due to famine in Scotland, the Scots' lack of colonising experience, diseases such as malaria, poor weather and the proximity of...

the location of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. However, since the colonisation of Australia, most Gadigal people have been displaced from their traditional...

according to the principle of "blood and soil". The SS plan for genocide and colonisation of the territories of eastern Poland and of the Soviet Union was titled...

Svetozar Pribićević, who argued that colonisation was necessary for the reform to happen at all. The colonisation had a number of direct objectives. One...

Indonesian English); it is not only the result of British colonisation but also American colonisation (as in the case of the Philippines) and globalisation...

Malvinas) goes back at least five hundred years, with active exploration and colonisation only taking place in the 18th century. Nonetheless, the Falkland Islands...

Australian of the Turrbal people who was a major figure in resisting British colonisation during the 1840s around what is now the city of Brisbane. Little is known...

European contact began in 1500 AD with the Portuguese Empire, and effective colonisation of Kenya began in the 19th century during the European exploration of...

various ethnic or minority groups has existed in Australia since British colonisation. Throughout Australian history, the Indigenous peoples of Australia have...

Neptune has been directly explored by one space probe, Voyager 2, in 1989. As of 2026, there are no confirmed future missions to visit the Neptunian system...

[ʒɑ̃ fʁɑ̃swa lɑ̃ɡlwa]; 26 June 1808 – ?) was a New Zealand whaler and coloniser. He was born in La Luzerne, in Normandy, France on 26 June 1808. Maling...

Stranger King theory argues against the theory that the centuries-long colonisation process was a non-stop process of indigenous resistance against aggressive...

Ocean colonization (also blue colonization or ocean grabbing) is the exploitation, settlement or territorial claim of the ocean and the oceanic crust....

other Aboriginal Australian groups for about 8,000 years. Before British colonisation in 1803, Tasmanian Aboriginal communities maintained distinct languages...

conquered or colonised. International lawyers often used the principle to justify the rights of European colonial empires to colonise and control non-European...

president by the parliament. British colonisation of the Americas Dutch colonisation of the Americas French colonisation of the Americas History of the Americas...

instructions of Carlisle, sent his son Edward and a small party to colonise Antigua. Colonisation continued, but in 1640, the settlers were pillaged by the Kalinago...

colonial empire and French victory in the Rabih War paved the way for the colonisation of Chad. Although the al-Kanemi dynasty had been restored in Bornu, they...

colonial name of the island of Tasmania during the European exploration and colonisation of Australia in the 19th century. The Aboriginal-inhabited island was...

Anthony Parkhurst was an English explorer and promoter of English colonisation of North America in the 1570s and 1580s. He is best known for his early...

founded in 1217 by Malcolm I, Mormaer or Earl of Fife, and was first colonised by monks from Kinloss Abbey. Culross may have been chosen to establish...

result of European colonisation. Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90 Impact of Western European colonialism and colonisation The Belgian Congo and...

Regarding Africa-Europe relations see: African military systems (1800–1900) Colonisation of Africa Scramble for Africa Decolonisation of Africa Economic history...

The history of Ireland between 1536 and 1691 saw the conquest and colonisation of the island by the English state and the settlement of tens of thousands...

Arikamedu, Ariyankuppam, Kakayanthoppe, Villianur, and Bahour, which were colonised by the French East India Company over a period of time and later became...

people in South Africa dates to the beginning of large-scale European colonisation of South Africa with the Dutch East India Company's establishment of...

The Prussian Settlement Commission, officially known as the Royal Prussian Settlement Commission in the Provinces West Prussia and Posen (German: Königlich...

said to have passed the island on Sunday, 3 November 1493. It was later colonised by Europeans, predominantly by the French from the 1690s to 1763. The...

bacteria enables the formation of a biofilm which furthers persistent colonisation. In the layers of the biofilm, H. pylori can escape from the actions...

the author provides a psychoanalysis of the dehumanising effects of colonisation upon the individual and the nation, and discusses the broader social...

of the Bali Kingdom. The royal houses, which originated before Dutch colonisation, are not recognised by the government of Indonesia. The name Bali is...

apparent lack of water and fertile soil made the region unsuitable for colonisation. Other European explorers followed until, in 1770, Lieutenant James Cook...

ambivalence. Such terms describe ways in which colonised people have resisted the power of the coloniser, according to Bhabha's theory. In 2012, he received...

(entrepôts), expansion and empire-building. Egyptian settlement and colonisation is attested from about 3200 BC onward, all over the area of southern...

French culture outside Europe. Arthur Girault published Principes de colonisation et de Legislation coloniale in 1885, which defined assimilation as "eclectic"...

collapse, principally from new infectious diseases, followed British colonisation in 1788. Massacres, frontier armed conflicts and competition over resources...

figures of the Elizabethan era, he played a leading part in English colonisation of North America, suppressed rebellion in Ireland, helped defend England...

cultures whose histories are strongly connected to India by immigration, colonisation, or influence, particularly in South Asia and Southeast Asia. India's...

both sides of the wars between British and Maori during the British colonisation of New Zealand. The film was a box office success at the New Zealand...

Colin (1983). "Crustaceans and the evolution of the arthropods". The Colonisation of Land: Origins and Adaptations of Terrestrial Animals. Cambridge University...

online Huber, Valeska. "Connecting colonial seas: the 'international colonisation' of Port Said and the Suez Canal during and after the First World War...

Ionian, Doric, and Achaean (Arcadian) migrations. Compared to the Greek colonisations of the Archaic period, the Iron Age Migrations were more ad hoc affairs...

Yugoslav colonisation began in 1931, when the Decree on the Colonisation of the Southern Regions was issued on 11 July. This phase of colonisation was considered...

The French settlement of St. Kitts and Nevis started in the early seventeenth century. Throughout its history on Saint Kitts until the nineteenth century...

F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References Greek colonisation Adjectival and demonymic forms of regions in Greco-Roman antiquity List...

13th century and Friar Oderic in the early 14th century. The European colonisation on the islands began when settlers from the Danish East India Company...

modern Botswana, in several waves before AD 600. In 1885, the British colonised the area and declared a protectorate named Bechuanaland. As part of the...

Australia. They are important ecosystem engineers displaced during the colonisation of the continent, and are vulnerable to threatening factors such as altered...

Sid Meier's Colonization is a turn-based strategy video game by Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier. It was developed at MicroProse's Chapel Hill studio for MS-DOS...

the water depth and creating suitable conditions for further mangrove colonisation. Thus mangrove swamps tend to extend seawards in suitable locations....

sentences, they were released and given land to own and cultivate as part of colonisation efforts on the island. As the overwhelming majority of the Algerians...

– he is a symbol of the adverse consequences of European contact and colonisation. Critics, such as the Native Hawaiian scholar Haunani-Kay Trask, highlight...

Slavery in Australia has existed in various forms from colonisation in 1788 to the present day. British settlement relied heavily on convicts, sent to...

century. Controversy exists over the Falklands' discovery and subsequent colonisation by Europeans. At various times, the islands have had French, British...

Its range is continuing to expand westward, and the species has begun to colonise the New World; it was first seen in Barbados in 1954 and first bred there...

believed that colonising powers explained an "other" who were there to dominate, civilise, and extract resources through colonisation of land. Political...

and meeting place of the Mayone-bulluk clan for around 40,000 years. Colonisation of the area by Europeans began at approximately the same time as the...

known as the Colonization Commissioners for South Australia or, later, Colonisation Commissioners, to oversee the sale and leasing of land in South Australia...

association Articles of incorporation Articles of organization British colonisation of the Americas Certificate of incorporation Charter Collegium Congressional...

named the Sicanians, it was then perfected during the period of Greek colonisation and is still prominent and distinct to this day. Nowadays, Caltagirone...

settlers to mainland Australia, marking the beginning of the European colonisation of Australia. It consisted of two Royal Navy vessels, three storeships...

their names or departments, such as the Jewish Colonisation Association, the Palestine Jewish Colonisation Association, the Jewish Colonial Trust, and The...

institutions. Most modern Southeast Asian countries were colonised by European powers. European colonisation exploited natural resources and labour from the lands...

been at the boundary between the classical world and the steppe. Greeks colonised its southern fringe and were absorbed by the Roman and Byzantine Empires...

Nanto-Bordelaise Company — formally La Compagnie de Bordeaux et de Nantes pour la Colonisation de l’Île du Sud de la Nouvelle Zélande et ses Dépendances — was a French...

territories Current list of dependent territories Colonialism Colonisation of Australia Colonisation of New Zealand Decolonisation Indigenous peoples of Oceania...

earliest British colonisation of the Americas, and a group known as the West Country Men were involved in both Irish and American colonisation. There had been...

property of the monarch. It spread through English and later British colonisation, becoming embedded in the legal lexicon of the British dominions. As...

(Woodslane Press, 2019). Forrest, Kay. The challenge and the chance: The colonisation and settlement of North West Australia 1861-1914 (Hesperian Press, 1996)...

marked the arrival of the Portuguese, who began a gradual process of colonisation and settlement in 1505. After over four centuries of Portuguese rule...

attempts by Europeans to colonise the island, due to resistance from resident Kalinago people, French settlement and colonisation began in 1649 and continued...

There are various competing theories that have addressed the early colonisation process, although it is clear that the Northern Isles were the first...

1511 and 1984, numerous Malay kingdoms and sultanates fell under direct colonisation or became the protectorates of different foreign powers, from European...

The cells are rod-shaped. It is known to cause human disease, such as colonisation of the lung in cystic fibrosis. Chu, Karen K.; MacDonald, Kelly L.; Davidson...

nations or ethnic groups. At the time of the British occupation and colonisation in 1803, the indigenous population was estimated at between 3,000 and...

numbered only several dozen, reduced by colonial violence from a pre-colonisation population of up to 2,000 people. Under these pressures, the remaining...

Gaelic nobility by way of "surrender and regrant"; the confiscation and colonisation ('plantation') of lands with settlers from Britain; imposing English...

Kingdom of Scotland in the 9th century. The south-east of Scotland was colonised by the Angles and formed, until 1018, a part of the Kingdom of Northumbria...

Agriculture has been an important industry in Antigua and Barbuda since it was colonised in the 1600s. Today, less than five per cent of the population works in...

and cattle were indeed the foot soldiers of the European invasion of colonisation led on horseback by explorers and followed up by squatters with the result...

the coloniser and the colonised lived in the same country. According to the SACP, South Africa's white minority functioned as an internal colonising force...

State Gazette on 16 April. The National Colonisation Institute was responsible for drawing up the colonisation plan in accordance with the law. The necessary...

are a group of nine Pintupi people who remained unaware of European colonisation of Australia and lived a traditional desert-dwelling life in Australia's...

White settlement in South Africa began with Dutch colonisation in 1652, followed by British colonisation in the 19th century, which led to tensions and further...

unease" over the morality of imperial colonisation. Arata regards the novel as representing "reverse colonisation": fear of other races invading England...

the ebony trees, then found in profusion all over the island. Dutch colonisation started in 1638 and ended in 1710, with a brief interruption between...

Atlantropa, also referred to as Panropa, was a gigantic engineering and colonisation idea that German architect Herman Sörgel devised in the 1920s, and promoted...

century, and Loango in the 16th century. In the late 19th century France colonised the region and incorporated it into French Equatorial Africa. The Republic...

tales of the hardship and suffering endured during colonisation. In Italy the legacy of the colonisation of Tripolitania is less felt by the public, due...

of Colonisation and was used for more than 500 covered bridges in Quebec. Thirty-four covered bridges were built in Abitibi, during the colonisation of...

Berresford Ellis, Peter (1975). Hell or Connnaught! The Cromwellian Colonisation of Ireland 1652–1660, p. 156. Hamish Hamilton. SBN 241-89071-3. Berresford...

toads has further devastated Australia's ecosystems. Since European colonisation Australia has lost over 100 plant and animal species, including 10% of...

Indigenous Australians' use of bush foods has been severely affected by the colonisation of Australia beginning in 1788 and subsequent settlement by non-Indigenous...

area. During the late 19th century, Africa was rapidly being claimed and colonised by European colonial powers. After the 1885 Berlin Conference regarding...

Robert Louis Stevenson’s villa and grave. In the period before German colonisation (from the late 19th century), Samoa produced mostly copra. German merchants...

Punitive expedition Chartered company List of trading companies European colonisation of Southeast Asia European colonization of the Americas Berlin Conference...

Company Shaped the World. NY: Canongate. Compagnie Belge de Colonisation (1844). Colonisation du district de Santo-Thomas de Guatemala par la Communauté...

British Empire, under its Rana dynasty of premiers. The country was never colonised but served as a buffer state between Imperial China and British India...

and submerged by the sea, and are subject to corrosion by seawater and colonisation by marine animals. The figures were cast at Hargreaves Foundry in Halifax...

Damien Millet argue that the IMF's policies amount to a new form of colonisation that does not need a military presence: Following the exigencies of the...

union, expanding freedoms for the indigenous population and limiting colonisation. This project was futile, however, and the newly-established Third French...

article on Korea, he published his first major work, Psychologie De La Colonisation Française (1899). The volume offered an analysis of the assimilation...

October 1603) was an English explorer of the Elizabethan era. He helped colonise the Kingdom of Ireland in 1583 and was sheriff of County Kerry, Ireland...

hundred years. It sparked outrage as it was the British Empire that had colonised India, and not the United States. Rawat took heavy criticism for his decision...

Dawsons. ISBN 978-0-7129-0398-1. Tukur, Mahmud Modibbo (2016). British Colonisation of Northern Nigeria, 1897-1914. Dakar: Amalion. p. 403. Archived from...

spiritual leaders of Bhutan, like the Dalai Lama in Tibet. Bhutan was never colonised, although it became a protectorate of the British Empire. Bhutan ceded...

Freeman Dyson proposed that trans-Neptunian objects, rather than planets, are the major potential habitat of life in space. Several hundred billion to...

on the banks of the Mahaweli Ganga. The area was developed during the colonisation of the island by the British, as one of the colony's centres of Coffee...

not apply to the leased islands of Curaçao, Aruba, and Bonaire. The colonisation of the large Caribbean islands, such as Cuba, was encouraged while the...

The British replaced unpaid household labor with wage labour. Prior to colonisation in the twentieth century, Nigeria's tribes usually possessed the land...

University Press, 2007 ISBN 978-0-521-87692-6. "European discovery and the colonisation of Australia". culture.gov.au. Archived from the original on 16 February...

under cultivation through the construction of canals and agricultural colonisation during the British Raj. The Punjab underwent an agricultural revolution...

Beer in Australia can be traced to the beginning of British colonisation. Lager is by far the most popular type of beer consumed in Australia. The oldest...

Saint Kitts and Nevis were among the first islands in the Caribbean to be colonised by Europeans. Saint Kitts was home to the first British and French Caribbean...

Imperial German Army Major Curt von François, when the territory was colonised by the German Empire. Theories vary on how the city got its modern name...

fighting 'small wars' gained interest during initial periods of European colonisation, while modern thinking on counterinsurgency was developed during decolonization...

of Kerala. Pattom came up with a colonisation project to re-engineer the demography of Cardamom Hills. His colonisation project was to relocate 8,000 Malayalam-speaking...

called on northern Iberian peoples (Basques, Asturians, and "Franks") to colonise the new conquests. By the 16th century, the Basque-speaking area was reduced...

While New Zealand was predominantly Christian from the time of European colonisation, the country has, over the last decade, become post-Christian. In the...

and occasionally by whole genome duplication. This may be related to colonisation processes, but further studies are needed to verify this. The life of...

Gailck) is derived from Middle Irish, which was introduced by settlers that colonised the island from Gaelic Ireland. However, Manx Gaelic later developed in...

the first and few female rulers to lead kittur forces against British colonisation, she continues to be remembered as a folk heroine in Karnataka. Kittur...

1882) was a British Liberal politician who was heavily involved in the colonisation of New Zealand and South Australia. Hutt was born in Bishops Stortford...

The earliest period of Māori settlement, which has been called the "Colonisation phase", "East Polynesian" phase, the "Archaic" period, and the "Moahunter"...

Australian year pages. It only references years commencing with the European colonisation of the country. 2020s 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2010s 2010 2011...

Mount Wellington and Timtumili Minanya (River Derwent). Prior to British colonisation, the land had been occupied for possibly as long as 35,000 years by Aboriginal...

foreign workers and expatriates. As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home...

fishing. Swedish colonisation of coastal Uusimaa started after the second crusade to Finland in the 13th century. The colonisation was part of converting...

and the following year the Company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659...

was an Aboriginal Tasmanian leader. He was active in resisting British colonisation during the 1820s and early 1830s, but was ultimately captured and used...

on by the patriarch, Jake. It explores the detrimental effects of the colonisation of New Zealand suffered by Māori, and the survival of Māori culture against...

Hunger (c.1837 – 11 May 1918) was a New Zealand blacksmith, farmer and coloniser. He was born in Safien Platz, Switzerland in around 1837. Lambert, Florinda...

purchased for £15 by the Crown in 1854, very early in New Zealand's colonisation by Europeans, and for many years served as a source of basalt for the...

Omar Mukhtar rose to prominence as a resistance leader against Italian colonisation and became a national hero despite his capture and execution on 16 September...

and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north...

as severe weather (exogenous vagrancy). Vagrancy events may lead to colonisation and eventually to speciation. In the Northern Hemisphere, adult birds...

largest working cattle station (or ranch). Established after British colonisation of South Australia on the lands of the Arabana people, the lease was...

been preserved in this form of the language. As Germanic and Gaelic colonisation of Britain proceeded, the Brittonic speakers in Wales were split off...

covered bridges were constructed in Abitibi, and are associated with the colonisation of the region in the early 1900s. Today fewer than half of them are extant...

Suriname's population remains relatively small, because of this complex colonisation and exploitation, it is one of the most ethnically and culturally diverse...

occupation, they failed to establish order to any extent that allowed for colonisation to take place, and lost further support due to the slow pace of land...

Many scholars have argued that the British colonisation of Australia and subsequent actions of various Australian governments and individuals involved...

and particularly after 1283, Edward embarked on a policy of English colonisation and settlement of Wales, creating new towns like Flint, Aberystwyth and...

Okoth, Assa (2006). A History of Africa: African nationalism and the de-colonisation process. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers. pp. 143–147. ISBN 9966-25-358-0...

genres. Aboriginal peoples did not develop a system of writing before colonisation. Cultural traditions and beliefs as well as historical tellings of actual...

modern freestyle rap performed in the West. As a consequence of Russian colonisation, European fine arts – painting, sculpture and graphics – have developed...

by Indigenous peoples – Arawaks and Kalinago – prior to the European colonisation of the Americas in the 16th century. The island was briefly claimed by...

they are members of the order Peramelemorphia. At the time of European colonisation of Australia, there were two species. The lesser bilby became extinct...

patriarchal social structures. Economist Deniz Kandiyoti has written that colonisers of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia kept conquered armies of men under...

merchants. The company became instrumental in the largely ephemeral Dutch colonisation of the Americas (including New Netherland) in the seventeenth century...

ula. With the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century, and European colonisation in the late 19th century, many elements of Fijian culture were either...

vial". Prensa Libre. 21 January 2005. Compagnie Belge de Colonisation (1844). "Colonisation du district de Santo-Thomas de Guatemala par la Communauté...

Hominid dispersals in Europe refers to the colonisation of the European continent by various species of hominid, including hominins and archaic and modern...

area. Inhabited by the Paugussett Native American tribe until English colonisation in the 1600s, Bridgeport was incorporated in 1821 as a town, and as a...

ornatus). Ursids did not diversify as much when colonising South America as they did when colonising the Holarctic, however. The subfamily Ursinae experienced...

along with political parties outside the Falange. The Francoist agrarian colonisation was one of the most ambitious programs related to the regime's agrarian...

references to the colonisation of New Zealand by the British Crown. In particular, the Queen's inability to foresee implications of such colonisation. "Aotearoa"...

nutrients from living plant cells, and during the course of infection they colonise their plant host in such a way as to keep it alive for a maximally long...

1,400. Banks advocated British settlement in New South Wales and the colonisation of Australia, as well as the establishment of Botany Bay as a place for...

Actinomyces viscosus is a human and animal pathogen/pathobiont which colonises the mouths of 70% of adult humans. A. viscosus has a low level of virulence...

to colonise Tobago in the 1630s and 1640s also failed due to Indigenous resistance. The Indigenous population also prevented European colonisation in...

failed attempts, including the Roanoke Colony, the permanent English colonisation of North America began officially in 1607 with the settlement of Jamestown...

arms of Courland Duchess of Courland Courland Couronian colonisation Couronian colonisation of the Americas Ernst Friedrich von Ockel Livonia Semigallia...

mouth of the Belle River. Before the arrival of the first explorers and colonisation, La Belle Rivière, which flows south of Saint-Gédéon, was the main route...

theatre group, the Red Megaphones, highlighting the detrimental effects of colonisation and industrialisation. The British government was clearly worried about...

O'Connor, Sue; Clark, Geoffrey; Leach, Foss (eds.). Islands of Inquiry: Colonisation, Seafaring and the Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes (PDF). Terra Australis...

sharp population decline, influenced by the colonisation of Australia by Europeans. The legacy of colonisation is still strongly felt, and has had ongoing...

noblemen, several from east Fife, sought the approval of King James for the colonisation of the Isle of Lewis. This had at its core a concept to exploit the island's...

the Styx River and inland along the Broad Sound Ranges. The British colonisation of the area began in 1853, when the Archer brothers, Charles and William...

scholars an indication of his power and influence during the European colonisation of Africa. His giant size indicates his larger than life aspirations...

the Rwandan monarchy and supporting Tutsi chiefs; this system allowed colonisation with few European troops. Yuhi V Musinga, who emerged as king after a...

which he kept carefully concealed. Islam in Bulgaria spread through both colonisation with Muslims from Asia Minor and conversion of native Bulgarians. The...

Africa. It was named after the Ubangi and Chari rivers along which it was colonised. Established on 29 December 1903 from the Upper Ubangi (Haut-Oubangui)...

Dispersal, beginning about 70,000–50,000 years ago, leading to the lasting colonisation of Eurasia and Oceania by 50,000 years ago. H. sapiens met and interbred...

history of the Philippines, foreign policy of the United States, European colonisation of Southeast Asia, illegal drug trade, and Central Intelligence Agency...

Christianity and traditional faiths often entailing animism. Before its colonisation, Ivory Coast was home to several states, including Gyaaman, the Kong...

interior remained largely outside of their control. Borneo was later colonised by the British and Dutch, and occupied by Japan during World War II. Since...

of colonisation. It is the traditional language of the Dharug people. The Dharug population has greatly diminished since the onset of colonisation. The...

conquered territories of Alexander the Great; after the Hellenistic colonisation of the known world, it was spoken from Egypt to the fringes of India...

related to the Finns. From the Middle Ages on, the Swedish kings tried to colonise and Christianise the area. However; even today, Tornedalians and Sami people...

permanent Greek colonies were founded there: the second wave of Greek colonisation of the north coast of the Black Sea, which started soon after c. 600...

was exiled to Réunion Island and later French Algeria following French colonisation of the island in 1896. Angry at the cancellation of the Lambert Charter...

in November 1493 and giving it its current name. Several attempts at colonisation by the Spanish in the 16th century failed due to Native peoples defending...

their demographic dominance of the region has been reduced by European colonisation and the commensurate rise of mestizos, there are contemporary Guarani...

another indigenous group, have their own cultural traditions. The British colonisation of Australia began in 1788 and waves of multi-ethnic, primarily Anglo-Celtic...

three extant species are threatened by ecological changes since the colonisation of Australia, especially the long-footed potoroo Potorous longipes (endangered)...

is also exemplified throughout other British Commonwealth or formerly colonised countries. Other examples besides English include Portuguese in Angola...

were almost completely destroyed within a few decades of the British colonisation of South Australia in 1836. However, extensive documentation by early...

shows hill at Luncani. Oltean, Ioana Adina (2007) Dacia: landscape, colonisation and romanisation Psychology Press, London, page 81, ISBN 0-415-41252-8...

ceremonies, as well as the track, field and athletics events. Prior to colonisation, Victoria Park / Barrambin was a traditional meeting place of local groups...

Bandung was E.A. Maurenbrecher, who governed the city during the Dutch colonisation period from 1906 to 1907. Since then, Bandung has been governed by 29...

2022). "Site history". parks.canada.ca. Retrieved 7 December 2024. "The Colonisation of Nova Scotia". Historic UK. Retrieved 7 December 2024. Landy, Nicolas;...

la colonisation ambiguë 1858–1954, La Découverte, 2004, pp. 34–35 Llewellyn, Jennifer; Jim Southey; Steve Thompson (2018). "Conquest and Colonisation of...

Eurasia during the Middle Pleistocene at least 400,000 years ago and later colonised North America sometime prior to 130,000 years ago. Among the true foxes...

centre for the City of Liverpool local government area. Before British colonisation, Liverpool was the country of the Cabrogal people of the Dharug nation...

Australia had been colonised by Britain on the basis that it was terra nullius. The court did not consider the legality of the initial colonisation as this was...

of new areas for larger terrestrial plants such as shrubs and trees to colonise. Artificial reedbeds are used to remove pollutants from greywater, and...

coast of the Guianas in 1498, but real interest in the exploration and colonisation of the Guianas, which came to be known as the "Wild Coast," did not begin...

Joint Stock Company established in 1623 in England to enable the English colonisation of North America It was based in Dorchester, Dorset, near the English...

facilitating trade and cultural exchange between various peoples as well as colonisation and conquest. The Roman Empire maintained nautical hegemony over the...

Avannacystis is an extinct colonising microorganism from the middle Cambrian of Greenland, found on or within the shells of Tesella. It is a monotypic...

traditional customs and laws and these rights had not been wholly lost upon colonisation. The Prime Minister Paul Keating during his Redfern speech praised the...

colonial holding facility for Aboriginal Tasmanians. Before British colonisation, the Oyster Cove area was part of the country of the Nuenonne people...

interacted with neighbouring clan groups. Shortly after the British colonisation of Sydney several smallpox epidemics ravaged the local Aboriginal population...

dramatic changes, however, occurred in the last five centuries, after the colonisation of Brazil. This most recent period took place amid several external and...

more than 30 Aboriginal languages spoken in the area prior to European colonisation. In 1770 James Cook claimed the east coast of the Australian continent...

on 3 May 1827 and to be settled in the course of the cultivation and colonisation of the moorlands in the south of Bremervörde, would bear her name. On...

résumée et chronologique des persécutions contre les Juifs de l'Antiquité au Moyen Âge - de la Colonisation romaine de la Gaule aux premiers Capétiens...

historical urbanisation of Scotland and the role of Scots in British colonisation campaigns. It notes the pattern of a few Scottish urbanites profiting...

Sir Sidney Herbert, and Wyndham Harding, Chisholm founded the Family Colonisation Loan Society from her home in Charlton Crescent in Islington. The Society's...

director of the British South Africa Company (BSAC). The company initiated colonisation of the region and governed it under British charter from 1889 until the...

wealthy 17th century merchant, operating from London. He financed the colonisation of Barbados, but lost his investment and interest in the islands to the...

Parish was one of the historic parishes of Jamaica created following colonisation of the island by the British. It was on the north side of the island...

ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 27 July 2022. "History since colonisation". Blue Mountains National Park. NSW Parks and Wildlife Service. Retrieved...

Frances Koncan about the Métis-led Red River Resistance against European colonisers. It premiered in 2020. The play is written by Frances Koncan of Couchiching...

According to a theory put forward in the 1630s, at the time of Swedish colonisation of the Finnish coast, colonists from Hälsingland in central Sweden arrived...

minority being native-born German Namibians (descended from Germans who colonised Namibia in the late-nineteenth century). There are also some Portuguese...

1938 in the western Pacific Ocean and was the last attempt at human colonisation within the British Empire. Conceived by Henry E. "Harry" Maude, lands...

Baranggum people lived in the region for thousands of years before British colonisation. They spoke the now extinct Barunggam language. They appear to have had...

enclosures still present. Herbusta received its name after the Norse colonisation of Skye in the 8th century. Where the name Herbusta is rooted in the...

apparent lack of water and fertile soil made the region unsuitable for colonisation. On 19 April 1770, during his first voyage of discovery, James Cook became...

the Darug-Eora people of Indigenous Australians. Their country before colonisation by the British was the area now known as Parramatta in the Sydney region...

South Wales. He is credited as being one of the main pioneers of British colonisation in the Upper Hunter and New England regions. MacIntyre was born in Perthshire...

Surabaya was Mr A. Meijroos, who governed the city during the Dutch colonisation period from 1916 to 1920. Parties In the case of government, a regional...

the entire Coorong, Lake Alexandrina and lower Murray River before the colonisation of South Australia. The flag was designed in 1999 by Matt Rigney, a Ngarrindjeri...

character". Historically, areas occupied by Japan were subject to long-term colonisation and assimilation with a few (i.e., Hokkaido and Ryukyu Islands, Bonin...

Marques [lo(w)ˈɾẽsu ˈmaɾkɨʃ] was a 16th-century Portuguese trader and coloniser. Lourenço Marques explored the area that is now Maputo Bay in 1544 and...

governing structure of various societies in Ghana prior to European colonisation. In pre-colonial times, chieftaincy leadership was the axis of executive...

a failed British venture of the 1830s to exploit logging and promote colonisation in a region of what is now northern Guatemala. The company was set up...

the castle. "Profile of an Irish Village-Palmerston and the Conquest, Colonisation and Evolution of Mullaghmore, Co. Sligo". Retrieved 26 September 2013...

are (at least post-colonisation) often self-identified, with the former being a cultural system that has existed prior to colonisation. Western Desert cultural...

Sambhal district. It was famous for a glass factory during the British colonisation. In 2011 Bahjoi Nagar Palika Parishad had a total population of 37,037...

colony of Japan. After the Meiji colonisation of Hokkaido, Meiji Japan depended on prison labour to accelerate the colonisation process. The Japanese built...

and children's education on gender-affirming surgery as "ideological colonisation". In September 2015, Francis came under media scrutiny for meeting Kim...

throughout the northern Fly River system. During the early years of colonisation of New Guinea it was unknown how many people, if any, lived in this remote...

fictional emperor from Warhammer 40,000. Pointing out Trump's goals of Mars colonisation and the creation of the United States Space Force, Galli stated that...

in the 12th century, while England's 16th/17th century conquest and colonisation of Ireland brought many English and Lowland Scots to parts of the island...

Europe. What are those which Europe has derived from the discovery and colonisation of America? Those advantages may be divided, first, into the general...

United Nations. 11 December 1980. Retrieved 13 June 2020. "Îles Éparses, colonisation, contrats… Le programme d'Emmanuel Macron à Madagascar" [Madagascar:...

Derwent, and adjacent to Risdon Cove, which was the site of the British colonisation of Van Diemen's Land. Risdon Vale Post Office opened on 1 November 1960...

1979 sesquicentennial (150th anniversary) celebration of the European colonisation of Western Australia. Preliminary planning for WAY 79 began shortly after...

Banarsidass. p. 7. ISBN 978-81-208-1503-2. Kerkhoff, Kathinka Sinha (2014). Colonising Plants in Bihar (1760-1950). PartridgeIndia. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-4828-3911-1...

particularly critical of Summers' analogy between women's oppression and colonisation. Jill Ker Conway wrote in a review in the journal Signs that the book's...

as the Wienerwald. Under Margrave Ernest the Brave (1055–1075), the colonisation of the northern Waldviertel up to the Thaya river and the Bohemian march...

2023-07-01. Neate, Rupert (2018-04-25). "Jeff Bezos: the boy who wanted to colonise space". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 2023-05-24...

which a coloniser destroys the existing knowledge systems of the colonised, to replace them with knowledge systems controlled by the coloniser. It is closely...

out in the open ocean; his body washed up south of the Estuary. After colonisation, the Chinookans signed a treaty with Anson Dart in 1851 to grant their...

intersections of oppression from colonisation and the racism resulting therefrom, in addition to sexism. The effect of colonisation was devastating, the estrangement...

Atholl, & O'Regan, Gerard R. (2000). "To the Final Shore: Prehistoric Colonisation of the Subantarctic Islands in South Polynesia". In Australian Archaeologist:...

Thrace and Dacia Moesia Ioana Adina Oltean (2007). Dacia: Landscape, Colonisation and Romanisation. Routledge. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-415-41252-0. Hazlitt,...

an invasive species. Australia's relative isolation prior to European colonisation and the Industrial Revolution, both of which dramatically increased traffic...

evidence are difficult to reconcile with a Sabaean colonisation", and that the "idea of colonisation as such has been discarded". He notes that no South...

Americans by the Americans who violently colonised California. It gives the pre-1846 history in which Spanish colonisers used Native Americans as a source of...

coastal saltmarshes and also occasionally in inland saline areas, often colonising bare ground. Silky wilsonia is a low-growing mat forming species, growing...

crown governments had carried out a policy of land confiscation and colonisation known as Plantations. Scottish and English Protestant colonists were...

Founded by Spartans in the 8th century BC during the period of Greek colonisation, Taranto was among the most important poleis in Magna Graecia, becoming...

northern Formosa from the Spanish by force.[citation needed] The Dutch colonisation of the Americas started with many mixed results. In the Atlantic, the...

Kiautschou Bay and Neukamerun, whereas Wilhelm's support for a policy of colonisation was shown in his Kruger telegram in 1896 and response to the Venezuelan...

scholars have characterised anti-Māori sentiment as stemming from the colonisation of New Zealand by Britain. Assimilationist policies pursued by successive...

COPD exacerbations. Her research identified the significance of airway colonisation and infection in driving immune responses in the lung that contributes...

MAUVOIS, COMITE TI-JO. "Regards sur l’habitation, des débuts de la colonisation à nos jours." (2018). "Manon Tardon". AZ Martinique. Retrieved 2022-04-16...

La Colonisation de l'Indochine : l'expérience anglaise. Paris: Colin. OCLC 419869739. Chailley-Bert, Joseph (1898). Les compagnies de colonisation sous...

a fungus and a virus. When it is colonised by the fungus Curvularia protuberata and the fungus is in turn colonised by a particular virus, the grass is...

the entire written corpus in the Greek language . . . none refer to colonisation." Dufoix surmises that the confusion may stem from a comment by Jewish...

their towns and surrounding land had been confiscated by Octavian for colonisation by his veterans after the defeat of Brutus and Cassius at Philippi in...

Spanish conquest of the Maya was a protracted conflict during the Spanish colonisation of the Americas, in which the Spanish conquistadores and their allies...

are compatible with impetigo and ringworm. After the permanent British colonisation of the Bunurong homelands from 1835, introduced diseases such as syphilis...

countries and how they have been impacted and continue to be affected by colonisation. Created as a response to the 250th anniversary of the second voyage...

a member of their society for 17 years. By the early 1860s, British colonisation had reached the area and Morrill decided to return to the European way...

the 1980s on the site of a historic pā that existed prior to European colonisation. The current marae opened in 1992, though the site has been occupied...

were 70,000 Jews conscripted. Under Nicholas I, the Jewish agricultural colonisation of Ukraine continued with the transfer of Siberian Jews to Ukraine. In...

Atholl and O'Regan, Gerard R. (2000) "To the Final Shore: Prehistoric Colonisation of the Subantarctic Islands in South Polynesia", pp. 440–454 in Australian...

already be considered native as these have existed in the language before colonisation. Tagalog also includes loanwords from Indian languages (Sanskrit and...

[citation needed] Lord Lincoln also shared his father-in-law's enthusiasm for colonising North America. He employed Thomas Dudley, who went on to become the second...

European peoples in the latter half of the 20th century. Before British colonisation, Cabramatta was the country of the Cabrogal people of the Dharug nation...

plantations of Ireland specifically the Munster plantations, the English colonisation of the Americas and the repulse of the Spanish Armada. Grenville also...

range of the warmer temperate regions from southeastern Europe to India to colonise the rest of Europe, reaching as far west as Great Britain by 1960 and Ireland...

either by design as in the case of a park or revegetated area, or by colonisation. The concept has its origins in Germany, specifically at the Emscher...

Antigua. Plantations were established here as early as the beginning of colonisation, and the Valley Road was built to connect Bolans to Old Road along the...

forced from it. They had been its occupants for thousands of years and, colonisation notwithstanding, continue to maintain cultural and spiritual connections...

Stockholm. The then competent Prussian state minister in charge of internal colonisation, Adam Otto von Viereck, became namesake to the place, when it was renamed...

JP FRS (2 August 1789 – 30 April 1870) was a British politician and a colonisation commissioner for South Australia. He was born in Broadstairs, Kent in...

participated in the colonisation of the Bermudas, and Devonshire Parish was named after him; he also was a supporter of colonising Virginia. He also invested...

struggle of the northern against the southern Maori tribes prior to the colonisation of New Zealand in 1840 Archived 20 May 2024 at the Wayback Machine. -...

covered bridges were constructed in Abitibi, and are associated with the colonisation of the region in the early 1900s. Today fewer than half of them are extant...

urbanisation and deforestation. As a popular pet species, escaped birds have colonised a number of cities around the world, including populations in northern...

negotiations with the Jewish Colonisation Association for the purchase of 97 villages in Palestine: The Jewish Colonisation Association is currently negotiating...

anaerobic flagellated protozoan parasites of the phylum Metamonada that colonise and reproduce in the small intestines of several vertebrates, causing the...

savage life—a species of society beyond comparison less favourable to colonisation than utter solitude", and "a set of living nuisances". Writing in Colonization...

l'Algérie" (Everything about Algeria) "Algeria passes law declaring French colonisation a crime". the Guardian. December 24, 2025. Retrieved May 26, 2026. "Upper...

between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the colonisation of Australia in 1788, which marks the start of consistent written documentation...

and unwittingly participated in it". In New Zealand, the legacy of the colonisation of New Zealand by European settlers has created a localized sense of...

plants have been introduced to the Northern Territory of Australia since colonisation began in the 1860s. Many have become invasive species or noxious weeds...

Tripura (mythology) Rodriguez S, 2004, Southern Chronicles: from the colonisation to the foundation of Ushuaia, Rubí Ediciones, Ushuaia, p. 50 "La búsqueda...

Companhia Viação São Paulo-Mato Grosso, which was responsible for the colonisation of some areas in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Batista, Luiz...

spoken by the majority of Aboriginal Australians before Australia's colonisation by the British Empire. S23 Ladji Ladji at the Australian Indigenous Languages...

in the North Central, they were converted to Christianity after the colonisation of the country by the British. With fighting on both sides, there have...

Surette, P.; LeBlanc, R. G. (1988). Petcoudiac: Colonisation et destruction, 1731–1755 [Petcoudiac: Colonisation and Destruction, 1731–1755] (in French). Moncton:...

preceding Indigenous and British colonial societies. Before British colonisation of Australia, many Aboriginal peoples lived in the area now known as...

situated in Kribi, southern Cameroon, symbolising the painful legacy of colonisation. It commemorates two tragic events that occurred in 1880 and later between...

From Precolonial Times to Independent Namibia". Dr. Klaus Dierks. Pre-colonisation history "Bushmen". Survival International. "Southern African Rock Art"...

not to Ireland, where it has been accidentally introduced, and has now colonised much of the south and southwest. The bank vole lives in woodland, hedgerows...

whose work chiefly centres on colonialism. He is best known for his book Coloniser, Exterminer - Sur la guerre et l'Etat colonial. Le Cour Grandmaison is...

Swedish was a result of Swedish colonisation of Finland during the Northern Crusades in the 12th to 14th centuries. Colonisation focused on the Finnish archipelago...

participated in the colonisation of the Kingdom of Desmond following the Norman invasion of Ireland. Robert's role in the invasion and colonisation of Ireland...

November 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2021. "Tonga Was Never Colonised, So Why Does It Feel So Colonised?". Vice.com. 20 February 2019. Archived from the original...

Crimean khanate. In 1784 the lower Kuban passed to Russia, after which its colonisation became an important step in the Empire's expansion. In a different part...

Little is known of the human history of the island until the British colonisation of Tasmania in the 19th century. Tasmania was inhabited by an Indigenous...

Wurundjeri people, the original Indigenous inhabitants of the area. Following colonisation, the suburb was named in 1842 after Baron Collingwood or an early hotel...

aims of colonisation was to "civilise a barbarous people" who could "scarcely cultivate the earth". Māori, Wakefield wrote, "craved" colonisation and looked...

less than 1,500 acres (2.3 sq mi; 6.1 km2) were sold into which other colonisation efforts would be undertaken in Compton County, this would lead to the...

dispersal from the rims of the Indian Ocean to the islands. A "reverse colonisation", from islands to continents, apparently occurred more recently; the...

Black-white-red was the colour of the German Empire flag, which had colonised New Guinea prior to 1918. The bird-of-paradise is also found on the national...

Australia, living around the Spencer Gulf area. In the years after British colonisation of South Australia, the area was developed to contain the cities of Port...

Millennial Foundation, now the Living Universe Foundation, a pro-space colonisation group Front mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout, a vehicle drivetrain...

1757 as the court army of Prince Sambernyawa of Mangkunegaran. After colonisation of Java by the Netherlands it was reorganised by Herman Willem Daendels...

eventually established the town's first Arabic and Qur'anic school. British colonisation began in the mid-19th century but became official in 1914, and Ijebu-Igbo...

was later moved to its current location, and by the time of the German colonisation of the Cameroons in the late 19th century, Bafut had roughly assumed...

and conflicts involving Dutch Guiana and later Suriname from the Dutch colonisation of the Guianas to the present day. Dew, Edward M. (1994). The Trouble...

between the Governor and the Colonisation Commissioners was found to be unworkable and the South Australian Colonisation Act 1834 was amended by the Imperial...

Rutvik. From the Middle Ages and forward, the Swedish kings tried hard to colonise and Christianize the area. Settlers from the then eastern half of Sweden...

During his tenure he served on the Standing Committee on Agriculture and Colonisation. He was appointed Governor of the province of Arauco from 1945 to 1949...

Mackinnon (Dunwich MP) (1789–1870), British politician and South Australia colonisation commissioner William Alexander Mackinnon (Lymington MP) (1813–1903),...

FRS, FRSE, FLS, FLSW (born 1942) is a palaeobotanist, who studies the colonisation of land by plants, and early land plant interactions. Edwards was born...

Gippsland. The township of Bass was surveyed and colonised in the early 1860s. The intensive colonisation of south Gippsland began late in the 1870s. A story...

Zosteropidae) highlights prior underestimation of mainland diversity and complex colonisation history". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 149 106843. Bibcode:2020MolPE...

interstellar civilization on the galactic stage and are tasked with exploring, colonising, and managing their region of the galaxy, encountering other civilizations...

Assyria. With the spread of Phoenician civilization by Carthage and Greek colonisation into the Western Mediterranean, these artistic trends also influenced...

Philippines share vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/. After centuries of Spanish colonisation and the standardisation of Filipino as the national lingua franca, the...

border during the Plantation of Ulster, which was a planned process of colonisation following the Tudor conquest of Ireland. The largest numbers came from...

of the experience of Aboriginal Victorians since the start of British colonisation. The commission's Letters Patent outlined several objectives. Primarily...

covered bridges were constructed in Abitibi, and are associated with the colonisation of the region in the early 1900s. Today fewer than half of them are extant...

Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe by its seas and rivers for trade, raids, colonisation, and conquest. In this period, voyaging from their homelands in Denmark...

co.nz, Retrieved 2024-12-13. Boundary Markers: Land Surveying and the Colonisation of New Zealand, Giselle Byrnes, Bridget Williams Books, 2015, ISBN 9781927131107...

marked the beginning of the colonial rule. Flag used during Spanish colonisation (1785–1931) First flag (1968–1969) 1969–1973, same as modern flag Second...

other shellfish that grew there in abundance. By the time of British colonisation, enormous middens of disposed shells lined the shore for many miles to...

family Peltulaceae. Formally described in 2013, this lichen typically colonises vertical, sun-exposed rock crevices along riverbanks and periodically...

covered bridges were constructed in Abitibi, and are associated with the colonisation of the region in the early 1900s. Today fewer than half of them are extant...

south of it. In 1584, the queen granted Walter Raleigh a charter for the colonisation of Virginia; it was named in her honour. Raleigh and Elizabeth sought...

second in the Ballantyne Novels series. It is set in the 1880s during the colonisation of Rhodesia and the First Matabele War and climaxes with the Shangani...

2011. Allen, Melinda S. (1 June 2014). "Marquesan colonisation chronologies and post-colonisation interaction: Implications for Hawaiian origins and...

numbers of villagers captured in raids as slaves to the Europeans. With colonisation underway in other parts of Africa and the Americas, demand for workers...

19th century, and from 1836 on a permanent basis during the British colonisation of South Australia. Since then the island's economy has been principally...

were known by various names in the many Aboriginal languages prior to colonisation. The oldest surviving Aboriginal boomerang, now held in the South Australian...

from pre-1957 English common law, which is a legacy of past British colonisation of the constituents forming Malaysia. In addition, authoritative versions...

French and British using artillery in Canada since the early days of colonisation. In the early days of Artillery instruction there existed multiple schools...

away from the secular educational system inherited from France. Pre-colonisation education systems in Comoros focused on necessary skills such as agriculture...

Alexandra M.; Turner, George F.; Genner, Martin J. (2019). "Widespread colonisation of Tanzanian catchments by introduced Oreochromis tilapia fishes: the...

early resistance leader who led his chiefly followers against European colonisation. Dierks, Klaus. "Biographies of Namibian Personalities, W". klausdierks...

propagation throughout the Americas during the Columbian Exchange and colonisation. As a result, apple desserts, including cakes, have a huge number of...

Kikuyu and Nilotic languages such as Dholuo. It has been developing since colonisation and also contains certain elements of American English. English is widely...

the dog-like hyenas thrived 15 million years ago (with one taxon having colonised North America), most became extinct after a change in climate, along with...

region encompasses mountainous, tropical and desert environments. This colonisation and habitation of the region has been affected by its unique geography...

and survived for another two years. Hell or Connaught! The Cromwellian Colonisation of Ireland 1652-1660, Peter Berresford Ellis, pp. 52–53, 112, 156, 161...

fermentation. These birds were likely driven to extinction when the islands were colonised by Polynesians. Hume, J. P.; Walters, M. (2012). Extinct Birds. A & C...

separated from Great Britain and Ireland by 6500 BC. It appears that colonisation took place by sea sometime during the Mesolithic era (about 6500 BC)...

Polynesia, and their respective sovereign states. Oceania was originally colonised by Europeans with Australia and New Zealand primarily by the British,...

termitophila is a species of foliose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It colonises the soil of termite nests within Brazilian rainforests. It was scientifically...

the Eora people of Port Jackson and the British in the early years of colonisation. In adulthood, Boorong was the third wife of Bennelong and is buried...

withdrew from Britain, a Gaelic tribe from Ireland called the Scoti began colonising Western Scotland. Before Roman times, prehistoric Scotland entered the...

leading role in colonisation was taken over by the poleis of Asia Minor, such as Miletus (eastern colonisation) and Phokaia (western colonisation). Chalcis...

White Man's Burden", Kipling encouraged the American annexation and colonisation of the Philippine Islands, a Pacific Ocean archipelago purchased in the...

Dutch colonialists, before control was transferred to the British. Dutch colonisation of the Guianas occurred primarily between the mouths of the Orinoco River...

300,000 and 2,400,000 Indigenous Australians at the time of British colonisation in 1788 due to numerous waves of immigration during the period since...

Lucia was originally populated by Amerindian peoples. However, European colonisation led to a significant drop in the indigenous populations. Most residents...

the inspiration for the novel as Taiwanese people's feelings towards colonisation: Both Korea and Taiwan were once colonies of the Japanese Empire, but...

associated with an increased risk of colonisation of MRSA. Reducing the use of antibiotic classes that promote MRSA colonisation, especially fluoroquinolones...

Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine. As a casus belli for the conquest and colonisation of Polish territories as living-space and defensive-border for Imperial...

Economic Co-operation and Development OECD Data The OECD and epistemic (de)colonisation: Globalising visions for knowledge in the Learning Compass 2030...

1593. His mother was Margaret Cunningham. He concerned himself with the colonising efforts of William Alexander in Nova Scotia in the late 1620s. Sir John...

wrote that the novel was a reminder of Chinese settlers' complicity in colonisation, but that its Aboriginal characters were not fully developed and that...

ISSN 0178-2762. S2CID 39678566. McAlister, Erica (2002). Invertebrate Colonisation and Succession on a Grazing Marsh, The Wetland Centre, London (PhD thesis)...

suppression of Bulgarian activists, altering family surnames, internal colonisation, exploiting workers, and intense propaganda. To aid the implementation...

of the Italian Empire to provide spazio vitale ("living space") for colonisation by Italian settlers and to establish control over the Mediterranean Sea...

planktonic pterobranchs are graptolites, which shows the water column was colonised several times by hemichordates. Rotaciurca is known from ten specimens...

Résistance armée et pacification dans le Centre de Madagascar au début de la colonisation (1896-1900) (in French). p. 98. Retrieved 2025-11-08. Comité de Madagascar...

the 17th century, which would mean it overlapped with early Portuguese colonisation of the archipelago. Rando, Juan C; Pieper, Harald; Pereira, Fernando;...

unrest in the British Indian province of Punjab, principally around the Colonisation bill that was implemented in the province in 1906. This timeline has...

legislative period, joining the Standing Committee on Agriculture and Colonisation. Edwards died in office on 24 April 1948, fewer than eleven months before...

It is located along the Pan-American Highway. In 1886, colonisers from Antioquia colonised the area currently known as Anaime, and started to develop...