Climatius

Climatius
Temporal range: Lochkovian
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: †Acanthodii
Order: †Climatiiformes
Family: †Climatiidae
Genus: †Climatius
Agassiz, 1845
Species:
†C. reticulatus
Binomial name
†Climatius reticulatus
Agassiz, 1845

Climatius (from Greek: κλίμα klíma, 'gradation')[1] is an extinct genus of spiny shark. This genus is known from the Early Devonian (Lochkovian) of Europe, previously considered Silurian remains actually belong to Nostolepis instead.[2]

Climatius was an active swimmer, judging from its powerful caudal fin and abundant stabilizing fins, and probably preyed on other fish and crustaceans. Its lower jaw was lined with sharp teeth which were replaced when worn, but the upper jaw had no teeth. It had large eyes, suggesting that it hunted by sight.[3]

It was a small fish, at 7.5 centimetres (3 in) long, and to discourage predators (such as larger fish and cephalopods[3]), Climatius sported fifteen sharp spines. There was one spine each on the paired pelvic and pectoral fins, and on the single anal and two dorsal fins, and a four pairs without fins on the fish's underside.[3]

See also

References

  • Parker, Steve. Dinosaurus: the complete guide to dinosaurs. Firefly Books Inc, 2003. Pg. 60
  1. ^ Dean, Bashford (1895). Fishes, living and fossil. An outline of their forms and probable relationships. New York, London, Macmillan and Co. p. 227.
  2. ^ Schnetz, Lisa; Butler, Richard J.; Coates, Michael I.; Sansom, Ivan J. (2022). Sansom, Robert (ed.). "Skeletal and soft tissue completeness of the acanthodian fossil record". Palaeontology. 65 (4). doi:10.1111/pala.12616. ISSN 0031-0239.
  3. ^ a b c Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 30. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.
  • Carole J. Burrow, Robert G. Davidson, Jan L. Den Blaauwen & Michael J. Newman (2015) Revision of Climatius reticulatus Agassiz, 1844 (Acanthodii, Climatiidae), from the Lower Devonian of Scotland, based on new histological and morphological data, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 35:3, doi: 10.1080/02724634.2014.913421

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