Blockly

Blockly
Original authorsNeil Fraser, Quynh Neutron, Ellen Spertus, Mark Friedman
DevelopersGoogle, MIT
Initial releaseMay 2012; 14 years ago (2012-05)
Stable release
12.1.0 / 30 May 2025; 12 months ago (2025-05-30)[1]
Written inJavaScript
PlatformWeb browser
Size150 KB
Available in50 languages
List of languages
English
TypeLibrary
LicenseApache License 2.0
Websitedevelopers.google.com/blockly
Repositorygithub.com/google/blockly

Blockly is a client-side library for the programming language JavaScript for creating block-based visual programming languages (VPLs) and editors. A project of Google, it is free and open-source software released under the Apache License 2.0.[2] It typically runs in a web browser.

Blockly uses visual blocks that help simplify programming, and can generate code in JavaScript, Lua, Dart, Python, or PHP.[3]

History

Blockly development began in summer 2011.

In October 2025, the Raspberry Pi Foundation announced that from 10 November 2025, the Blockly open source library and assets, and key members of the Blockly team will transition from Google to the Raspberry Pi Foundation.[4]

User interface

Example of Blockly code to convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius
Example of Blockly code with a while loop

The default graphical user interface (GUI) of the Blockly editor consists of a toolbox, and a workspace, where a user can drag and drop and rearrange blocks. The workspace also includes, by default.[5] The editor can be modified easily to customize and limit the available editing features and blocks.

Customization

Blockly includes a set of visual blocks for common operations, and can be customized by adding more blocks. New blocks require a block definition and a generator. The definition describes the block's appearance (user interface) and the generator describes the block's translation to executable code. Definitions and generators can be written in JavaScript, or using a visual set of blocks, the Block Factory, which allows new blocks to be described using extant visual blocks; the intent is to make creating new blocks easier.

Applications

Blockly is used in several notable projects, including:

Features

References

  1. ^ "Release blockly-v12.1.0 · google/blockly". GitHub. Retrieved 27 June 2025.
  2. ^ Metz, Cade. "Google Blockly Lets You Hack With No Keyboard". Wired.
  3. ^ "Google's Blockly Teaches You to Create Apps". NBC Bay Area. 13 June 2012.
  4. ^ CBE, Philip Colligan (2025-10-28). "The new home for Blockly". Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 2025-10-28.
  5. ^ Black, Lucy (12 June 2012). "Google Blockly – A Graphical Language with a Difference". I-programmer. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
  6. ^ "Scratch 3.0's new programming blocks, built on Blockly". Google.
  7. ^ "MIT App Inventor 2". MIT.
  8. ^ "Translate Code.org". Code.org.
  9. ^ "Microsoft MakeCode". Microsoft.
  10. ^ "Microsoft MakeCode Computer Science Education". Microsoft.
  11. ^ "PICAXE Blockly". PICAXE. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  12. ^ "Blockly Demo: JS-Interpreter". Blockly Samples. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  13. ^ "Localisation statistics for the Blockly core module". Translatewiki.net. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  14. ^ "Blockly Demo: RTL". Blockly Samples. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
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