Barva Volcano

Barva Volcano
Las Tres Marías
Barva Lagoon, one of the crater lakes of the volcano
Highest point
Elevation2,906 m (9,534 ft)[1]
Coordinates10°08′06″N 84°06′00″W / 10.13500°N 84.10000°W / 10.13500; -84.10000[1]
Geography
Barva Volcano is located in Costa Rica
Barva Volcano
Barva Volcano
Location in Costa Rica
LocationHeredia, Costa Rica
Parent rangeCordillera Central
Geology
Complex volcano
Volcanic arcCentral America Volcanic Arc
Last eruption6050 BCE ± 1000 years[1]
Climbing
Easiest routeHike

Barva Volcano is an andesitic stratovolcano complex in central Costa Rica, 22 kilometres (14 mi) north of San José, in Heredia Province.[1] It is the highest point in Braulio Carrillo National Park at 9,534 feet (2,906 m).[2][3] One source states that it is the largest volcano in Central America by area and volume, being about 40 kilometres (25 mi) in diameter.[4]

Geology

The volcano rests on the Panama tectonic microplate.[5]

It has multiple peaks, with the three principal summits visible from the Central Valley given the name "Las Tres Marías" ("The Three Marys") by the locals.[1] There is a 2-by-3-kilometre (1.2 by 1.9 mi) crater[1] and "at least a dozen eruptive centers on its summit and several satellite cones on its northern and southern flanks."[6] The central and northwestern summits are made up of four cones, while the southwestern peak has at least four.[7] It has a slope angle of around 20°.[4]

One of the main craters has a lake called Laguna de Barva (Barva Lagoon) at an altitude of 8,228 feet (2,508 m), an area of 9,000 square metres (97,000 sq ft), a depth of around 7.7 metres (25 ft)[1] and spanning 70 metres (230 ft).[8] To its north, there is another volcanic crater lake, Lake Danta, spanning 500 metres (1,600 ft),[8] at around the same altitude.[9]

There are lava flows on the southern side of the volcano, with the latest, the Los Angeles flow originating from the Cerro Redondo cone,[9] almost reaching the city of Heredia.[10] The lava consists of andesites, olivine basalts, and dacites.[9][7]

Cacho Negro Volcano is part of the Barba Volcano complex.[1]

The last confirmed eruptive activity at Barva Volcano has been dated to 6,050 ± 1000 years ago.[1] There were reports of eruptions in the 1760s and in 1867, but investigations at the summit did not find evidence to confirm the reports.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Barva". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 7 March 2010.
  2. ^ "Braulio Corrillo National Park". National System of Conservation Areas. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  3. ^ Séguin, Yves; Giguère, Francis (1999). Costa Rica. Ulysses. p. 113. ISBN 9782894641446. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  4. ^ a b Bundschuh, Jochen; Alvarado, Guillermo E., eds. (2012). Central America: Geology, Resources and Hazards. Taylor & Francis. p. 148. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  5. ^ Quesada-Román, Adolfo (ed.). Landscapes and Landforms of Costa Rica. Springer. p. 338. ISBN 978-3-031-64939-4. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  6. ^ Tassi, Franco; Vaselli, Orlando; Amador, Raul Alberto Mora, eds. (2019). Poás Volcano. Springer. p. 87. ISBN 978-3-319-02155-3. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  7. ^ a b "Volcan Barba" (in Spanish). University of Costa Rica. Archived from the original on 29 January 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  8. ^ a b Davis ‎, Stephen D.; Heywood ‎, Vernon Hilton; Hamilton, Alan Charles, eds. (1994). Centres of Plant Diversith: The Americas. World Wide Fund for Nature, World Conservation Union. p. 203. Retrieved 18 May 2026.
  9. ^ a b c Bergoeing, Jean Pierre (2017). Geomorphology and Volcanology of Costa Rica. Elsevier. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-0-12-812067-5. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  10. ^ Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. p. 18. Retrieved 18 May 2026.

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