Azorus

39°59′09″N 22°04′57″E / 39.98591°N 22.08256°E / 39.98591; 22.08256

Map showing ancient Thessaly. Azorus is shown to the top centre in the Perrhaebian Tripolis.

Azorus or Azoros (Ancient Greek: Ἄζωρος or Ἀζώριον[1]) was a town and polis (city-state)[2] in Perrhaebia in ancient Thessaly situated at the foot of Mount Olympus. Azorus, with the two neighbouring towns of Pythium and Doliche, formed a Tripolis.[3]

During the Roman–Seleucid War, the Tripolis was ravaged by an army of the Aetolian League in the year 191 BCE.[4] During the Third Macedonian War the three towns surrendered to the army of Perseus of Macedon in the year 171 BCE,[5] but that same year the Romans reconquered the three.[6] In the year 169 BCE troops arrived from the Roman consul Quintus Marcius Philippus who camped between Azorus and Doliche.[7][8]

The three cities minted a common coin with the inscription "ΤΡΙΠΟΛΙΤΑΝ".[2]

The site of Azorus is the palaiokastro (old fort) at the modern village of Azoros.[9][10] According to the 5th-century grammarian Hesychius of Alexandria the town was named after the mythological Azorus, helmsman of the Argo.[11]

References

  1. ^ Ptolemy. The Geography. Vol. 3.13.42.
  2. ^ a b Mogens Herman Hansen & Thomas Heine Nielsen (2004). "Thessaly and Adjacent Regions". An inventory of archaic and classical poleis. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 721-722. ISBN 0-19-814099-1.
  3. ^ Livy. Ab urbe condita Libri [History of Rome]. Vol. 42.53, 44.2.
  4. ^ Livy. Ab urbe condita Libri [History of Rome]. Vol. 36.10.
  5. ^ Livy. Ab urbe condita Libri [History of Rome]. Vol. 42.53.
  6. ^ Livy. Ab urbe condita Libri [History of Rome]. Vol. 42.67.
  7. ^ Polybius. The Histories. Vol. 28.13.1.
  8. ^ Livy. Ab urbe condita Libri [History of Rome]. Vol. 44.2.
  9. ^ Talbert, Richard, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9, with accompanying Map-by-Map Directory.
  10. ^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
  11. ^ Schmitz, Leonhard (1849). "Azorus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 1.


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