*Laguz
| Name | Proto-Germanic | Old English | Old Norse |
|---|---|---|---|
| *Laguz/*Laukaz | Lagu | Lögr | |
| "lake"/"leek" | "ocean, sea" | "water, waterfall" | |
| Shape | Elder Futhark | Futhorc | Younger Futhark |
| Unicode | ᛚ U+16DA | ||
| Transliteration | l | ||
| Transcription | l | ||
| IPA | [l] | ||
| Position in rune-row | 21 | 15 | |
*Laguz ('water', 'lake'), or *Laukaz ('leek'), is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the l-rune ᛚ. In the Anglo-Saxon rune poem, it is called lagu "ocean". In the Younger Futhark, the rune is called lögr "waterfall" in Icelandic and logr "water" in Norse.
The name of the corresponding Gothic letter (𐌻, l) is attested as laaz in the Codex Vindobonensis 795; a normalized (Ulfilan) Gothic form *lagus is thought to underlie this unconventional spelling.
The rune is identical in shape to the letter l in the Raetic alphabet.
Rune poem
| Rune Poem:[1] | English Translation: |
|
ᛚ Lögr er, fællr ór fjalle foss; |
A waterfall is a River which falls from a mountain-side; |
|
ᛚ Lögr er vellanda vatn |
Water is eddying stream |
|
ᛚ Lagu bẏþ leodum langsum geþuht, |
The ocean seems interminable to men, |
Leek hypothesis
The hypothesis that the Proto-Germanic name for the rune is *laukaz ('leek') is based not on the rune poems, but rather on early inscriptions, such as the Bülach fibula, where the rune has been hypothesised to be an abbreviation of *laukaz. The choice of word may be due to the plant being seen as a symbol of fertility and healing. Also supporting this idea are 10th century manuscripts that use the Old Norse descendent laukr as a name for the rune, alongside lín ('flax', 'linen').[2][3]
See also
References
- ^ Original poems and translation from the Rune Poem Page Archived 1999-05-01 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Looijenga, Tineke (1 January 2003). Texts and Contexts of the Oldest Runic Inscriptions. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-12396-0.
- ^ Markey, Tom (2013). "'Garlic and Sapphires in the Mud': 'Leeks' in their Early Folk Contexts" (PDF). Leeds Studies in English: 10–42.
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