Treponema

Treponema ;
	;
Penyakit	treponematosis (en)
Pewarnaan Gram	Gram-negatif
Taksonomi
Kerajaan	Pseudomonadati
Filum	Spirochaetota
Kelas	Spirochaetia
Ordo	Spirochaetales
Famili	Treponemataceae
Genus	Treponema ;
Tipe taksonomi	Treponema pallidum
Tata nama
Sinonim takson	"Spironema" Vuillemin 1905 non Klebs 1892 non Leger & Hesse 1922 non Rafinesque 1838 non Hochst. 1842 non Lindley 1840 non Meek 1864; "Microspironema" Stiles & Pfender 1905;
Spesies
	Treponema amylovorum ; Treponema azotonutricium ; Treponema berlinense ; Treponema brennaborense ; Treponema bryantii ; Treponema caldarium ; Treponema calligyrum ; Treponema denticola ; Treponema isoptericolens ; Treponema lecithinolyticum ; Treponema maltophilum ; Treponema medium Treponema medium subsp. bovis ; ; Treponema minutum ; Treponema pallidum Treponema pallidum subsp. endemicum ; Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (sifilis); Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue (patek); ; Treponema paraluiscuniculi ; Treponema paraluisleporis ; Treponema parvum ; Treponema pectinovorum ; Treponema pedis ; Treponema phagedenis Treponema phagedenis subsp. vaccae ; ; Treponema porcinum ; Treponema primitia ; Treponema putidum ; Treponema rectale ; Treponema refringens ; Treponema ruminis ; Treponema saccharophilum ; Treponema socranskii Treponema socranskii subsp. buccale ; Treponema socranskii subsp. paredis ; Treponema socranskii subsp. socranskii ; ; Treponema stenostreptum ; Treponema succinifaciens ; Candidatus Treponema suis ; Treponema vincentii ; Treponema zioleckii ; Treponema zuelzerae ;

Treponema adalah genus bakteri berbentuk spiral. Spesies paling dikenal di genus ini ialah Treponema pallidum, yang dimana subspesies nya merupakan penyebab penyakit berbahaya seperti sifilis, bejel (sifilis endemik), dan patek. Treponema carateum merupakan penyebab penyakit pinta.^[2] Treponema paraluiscuniculi merupakan penyebab sifilis pada kelinci.^[3]

Karakteristik

Treponema memiliki sel berukuran 3-18 mikron. Bakteri ini bersifat anaerob obligat. Beberapa anggota spesiesnya merupakan patogen dan parasit pada manusia dan beberapa hewan.^[4]

Filogeni

Filogeni ini berdasarkan 16S rRNA LTP rilis 123 oleh 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project.^[5]

	T. caldarium (Pohlschroeder et al. 1995) Abt, Göker & Klenk 2013

	T. stenostreptum (Zuelzer 1912) Abt, Göker & Klenk 2013

T. isoptericolens Dröge et al. 2008

	T. azotonutricium Graber et al. 2004

	T. primitia Graber et al. 2004

T. zuelzerae (ex Veldkamp 1960) Canale-Parola 1980 emend. Abt, Göker & Klenk 2013

T. medium

	T. m. bovis Evans et al. 2006

	T. m. medium Umemoto et al. 1997

T. pedis Evans et al. 2009

	T. denticola (ex Flügge 1886) Chan et al. 1993

	T. putidum Wyss et al. 2004

	T. lecithinolyticum Wyss et al. 1999

	T. maltophilum Wyss et al. 1996

T. brennaborense Schrank et al. 1999

T. saccharophilum Paster and Canale-Parola 1986

	T. berlinense Nordhoff et al. 2005

	T. pectinovorum Smibert and Burmeister 1983

T. bryantii Stanton and Canale-Parola 1980

	T. porcinum Nordhoff et al. 2005

	T. succinifaciens Cwyk and Canale-Parola 1981

T. parvum Wyss et al. 2001

T. amylovorum Wyss et al. 1997

T. socranskii

T. s. paredis Smibert et al. 1984

	T. s. buccale Smibert et al. 1984

	T. s. socranskii Smibert et al. 1984

Referensi

^ "Treponema" (HTML). NCBI taxonomy (dalam bahasa English). Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Diakses tanggal 27 February 2019.
^ Antal GM, Lukehart SA, Meheus AZ (January 2002). "The endemic treponematoses". Microbes Infect. 4 (1): 83–94. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01513-1. PMID 11825779.
^ Harper KN, Liu H, Ocampo PS, et al. (August 2008). "The sequence of the acidic repeat protein (arp) gene differentiates venereal from nonvenereal Treponema pallidum subspecies, and the gene has evolved under strong positive selection in the subspecies that causes syphilis". FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 53 (3): 322–32. doi:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00427.x. PMID 18554302. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-05.
^ Breed, Robert. S; Murray, E.G.D.; Smith, Nathan R. (1957). Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology (edisi ke-7th ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins Co. hlm. 904.
^ 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 123 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2019-06-07. Diakses tanggal 2013-03-20.

[1] "Treponema" (HTML). NCBI taxonomy (dalam bahasa English). Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Diakses tanggal 27 February 2019.

[pmid11825779-2] Antal GM, Lukehart SA, Meheus AZ (January 2002). "The endemic treponematoses". Microbes Infect. 4 (1): 83–94. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01513-1. PMID 11825779.

[pmid18554302-3] Harper KN, Liu H, Ocampo PS, et al. (August 2008). "The sequence of the acidic repeat protein (arp) gene differentiates venereal from nonvenereal Treponema pallidum subspecies, and the gene has evolved under strong positive selection in the subspecies that causes syphilis". FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 53 (3): 322–32. doi:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00427.x. PMID 18554302. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-05.

[4] Breed, Robert. S; Murray, E.G.D.; Smith, Nathan R. (1957). Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology (edisi ke-7th ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins Co. hlm. 904.

[5] 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 123 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2019-06-07. Diakses tanggal 2013-03-20.

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