Newspeak adalah bahasa fiksi dalam novel Nineteen Eighty-Four karya George Orwell. Dalam novel ini, Newspeak didefinisikan sebagai "satu-satunya bahasa di dunia di mana kosa katanya semakin menciut setiap hari" ("the only language in the world whose vocabulary gets smaller every year"). Orwell menulis sebuah esai mengenai Newspeak dalam bentuk Appendix, di mana ia menerangkan prinsip-prinsip dasar bahasa ini. Newspeak didasarkan pada bahasa Inggris namun memiliki tata bahasa dan vocabulary yang dipermudah.
Istilah Newspeak untuk bahasa Inggris adalah Oldspeak. Oldspeak rencananya akan digantikan oleh Newspeak sebelum tahun 2050.
Permulaan Newspeak adalah esai Orwell "Politics and the English Language", di mana ia mengeluh tentang mutu bahasa Inggris pada zamannya, mengutip contoh matinya metafora. Dalam akhir esai ini, Orwell menulis:
I said earlier that the decadence of our language is probably curable. Those who deny this would argue, if they produced an argument at all, that language merely reflects existing social conditions, and that we cannot influence its development by any direct tinkering with words or constructions.
Bacaan lebih lanjut
- Burgess, Anthony. Nineteen Eighty-Five. Boston: Little Brown & Co, 1978. ISBN 0-316-11651-3. Anthony Burgess discusses the plausibility of Newspeak.
- Green, Jonathon. Newspeak: a dictionary of jargon. London, Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985, 1984. ISBN 0-7102-0673-9.
- Klemperer, Victor. LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii: Notizbuch eines Philologen.. Original German language editions.
- Klemperer, Victor & Watt, Roderick H. LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii: A Philologist's Notebook. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1997. ISBN 0-7734-8681-X. An annotated edition of Victor Klemperer's LTI, Notizbuch eines Philologen with English notes and commentary by Roderick H. Watt.
- Klemperer, Victor & Brady, Martin (tr.). The language of the Third Reich: LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii: A Philologist's Notebook. London, UK; New Brunswick, NJ: Athlone Press, 2000. ISBN 0-485-11526-3 (alk. paper). Translated by Martin Brady.
- Young, John Wesley . Totalitarian Language: Orwell's Newspeak and Its Nazi and Communist Antecedents. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1991. ISBN 0-8139-1324-1. John Wesley Young wrote this scholarly work about Newspeak and historical examples of language control.
- The Principles of Newspeak
- George Orwell's 1984
