Dory

Dory (bahasa Yunani: δόρυ) adalah tombak yang digunakan oleh prajurit hoplites (infantri berat) di Yunani kuno. Istilah "dory" pertama kali muncul dalam karya Homeros dengan makna "kayu" dan "tombak". Para pahlawan dalam sajak-sajak Homeros masing-masing membawa dua buah dory.[1][2] Dalam sajak Homeros dan pada periode Yunani Klasik, dory merupakan simbol kekuatan militer, bahkan barangkali lebih penting daripada pedang xiphos, seperti dapat dilihat dari ungkapan "Troya ditaklukan oleh dory"[3] dan kata-kata seperti "doryktetos" (menang oleh dory) dan "doryalotos" (diperbudak oleh dory).[4]

Dory memiliki panjang sekitar dua sampai tiga meter. Dory memiliki pegangan (batang) dengan diameter dua inci dan dibuat dari kayu, biasanya dari kayu cornel atau kayu abu, dengan berat 1–2 kg. Mata tombaknya berbentuk daun datar dan dibuat dari besi, dengan bagian penyeimbang berupa duri yang dibuat dari perunggu.[5][6][7]

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Homeros, Iliad 11,43.
  2. ^ Homeros, Od.isseia 1, 256
  3. ^ Homeros, Iliad 16,708
  4. ^ Barbantani Silvia (2007) The glory of the spear - A powerful symbol in Hellenistic poetry and art. The case of Neoptolemus "of Tlos" (and other Ptolemaic epigrams), Studi Classici e Orientali, LIII, Anno 2007 (edito nel 2010)
  5. ^ "The Dori". Spartan Weapons. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2008-05-29. Diakses tanggal 2008-04-10.
  6. ^ "Newsletter (April 2007)" (PDF). The Academy of European Swordsmanship. 3 (2): 1. 2007. Diarsipkan dari [Newsletter (April 2007) asli] tanggal 2008-10-07. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-05. The primary weapon of the hoplite, the dory spear was 7 to 9 feet in length, weighing 2 to 4 pounds, having a two inch diameter wooden handle, and tipped with an iron spearhead on one end and another iron tip on the other. The spearhead was often leaf-shaped, and the iron cap on the other end, called the sauroter (literally "lizard-killer") was often square in cross section, and was a counterbalance and a second deadly point on the weapon. This counterbalance function is essential, as the spear was handled with a single hand in the Greek phalanx formation. ;
  7. ^ Cartledge, Paul. Thermopylae: The Battle That Changed the World. New York: The Overlook Press, 2006, p. 145.


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