Howitzer adalah salah satu dari dua jenis artileri lapangan utama. Secara historis, howitzer menembakkan peluru berat dalam lintasan tinggi dari laras yang relatif pendek dan jangkauannya terbatas tetapi mereka sedikit lebih mobile dibandingkan senjata lapangan berukuran serupa. Sejak akhir Perang Dunia II , howitzer mempunyai laras yang lebih panjang dan karenanya meningkatkan jangkauan menjadi meriam howitzer.
Howitzer tarik
Kaliber (mm)
|
Nama senjata
|
Negara Asal
|
Periode
|
87.6 |
Ordnance QF 25-pounder gun-howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia II, Modern
|
87.6 |
Ordnance QF 25-pounder Short Mark 1 gun-howitzer |
Australia |
Perang Dunia II
|
94 |
Ordnance QF 95 mm howitzer, infantry |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia II
|
100 |
10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
100 |
Skoda houfnice vz 14/19 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
100 |
10 cm houfnice vz. 28 |
Cekoslowakia |
Perang Dunia II
|
100 |
10 cm houfnice vz. 30 |
Cekoslowakia |
Perang Dunia II
|
100 |
Škoda 10 cm vz. 38 howitzer |
Cekoslowakia |
Perang Dunia II
|
104 |
10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I
|
104 |
Long Cecil |
British Empire |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
Canon de 105 court mle 1934 Schneider |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
Canon de 105 court mle 1935 B |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia II
|
105
|
GIAT LG1
|
Prancis
|
Modern
|
105 |
KH178 howitzer |
Korea Selatan |
Perang Dingin
|
105 |
Pindad ME-105 |
Indonesia |
Modern
|
105 |
Obice da 105/14 |
Kingdom of Italy |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
Type 91 10 cm howitzer |
Jepang |
2nd Sino-Japanese War
|
105 |
Obuzierul Krupp, calibrul 105 mm, model 1912 |
Romania |
Perang Dunia I
|
105 |
105 mm MÁVAG 40/43M |
Hungaria |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
10.5 cm Feldhaubitze 98/09 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
105 |
10.5 cm leFH 16 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
105 |
10.5 cm leFH 18 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
10.5 cm leFH 18M |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
10.5 cm leFH 18/40 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
G7 howitzer |
Afrika Selatan |
Modern
|
105 |
OTO Melara Mod 56 |
Italia |
Malaya, Aden, Vietnam, Falklands
|
105 |
L118 light gun |
Britania Raya |
Falklands, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Afghanistan
|
105 |
L119 light gun |
Britania Raya |
Modern
|
105 |
105 mm howitzer M2, M101 |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia II, Vietnam
|
105 |
105 mm howitzer M3 |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
M102 howitzer |
Amerika Serikat |
Vietnam, Grenada, Gulf War, Iraq
|
105 |
M618A2 |
Thailand |
Modern
|
105 |
10,5 cm Haubits m/10 |
Swedia |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
105 |
Bofors 10.5 cm howitzer Model 1924 |
Swedia |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
10,5 cm Haubits m/40 |
Swedia |
Perang Dunia II
|
105 |
M-56 howitzer |
Yugoslavia |
Perang Dingin
|
105 |
Obusier de 105 modèle 1950 |
Prancis |
Perang Dingin
|
114 |
QF 4.5 inch howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
115 |
XM70E2 towed multiple launch rocket howitzer |
Amerika Serikat |
1959-63
|
120 |
12 cm felthaubits/m32 |
Norway |
Perang Dunia II
|
120 |
120 mm howitzer Model 1901 |
German Empire |
Balkan wars, Perang Dunia I, Finnish Civil War, Hungarian–Romanian War
|
120 |
120 mm Krupp howitzer M1905 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
120 |
Type 38 12 cm howitzer |
Empire of Japan |
Perang Dunia I
|
120 |
Obusier de 120 mm modèle 1890 |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I
|
120 |
Obusier de 120 mm C mle 1897 Schneider-Canet |
Prancis |
Balkan Wars, Perang Dunia I
|
120 |
Obusier de 120 mm mle 15TR |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I
|
122 |
122 mm howitzer M1909 |
Russian Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
122 |
122 mm howitzer M1910 |
Russian Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
122 |
122 mm howitzer M1910/30 |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
122 |
122 mm howitzer M1909/37 |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
122 |
122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30) |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
122 |
122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30) |
Uni Soviet |
|
122 |
D-74 122 mm field gun |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dingin
|
122 |
Type 54 howitzer |
Tiongkok |
Perang Dingin
|
122 |
Type 83 howitzer |
Tiongkok |
Modern
|
122 |
Type 60 howitzer |
Tiongkok |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
122 |
HM-40 howitzer |
Iran |
|
127 |
BL 5 inch howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Second Boer War, Perang Dunia I
|
130 |
130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46) |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dingin
|
137.2 |
BL 5.4 inch howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia I
|
149.1 |
15 cm Haubits M/19 |
Swedia |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
149.1 |
15 cm Haubits m/38 |
Swedia |
Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin
|
149.1 |
15 cm Haubits m/39 |
Swedia |
Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin
|
149.1 |
Obice da 149/12 |
Kingdom of Italy |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
149.1 |
Obice da 149/19 modello 37 |
Kingdom of Italy |
Perang Dunia II
|
149.1 |
15 cm Mörser M 80 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I
|
149.1 |
15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M 94 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I
|
149.1 |
15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M 14 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I
|
149.1 |
15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M. 15 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I
|
149.1 |
15 cm hruba houfnice vz. 25 |
Cekoslowakia |
Perang Dunia II
|
149.1 |
15 cm sIG 33 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
149.1 |
15 cm sFH 18 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
149.1 |
15 cm sFH 36 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
149.2 |
Type 38 15 cm howitzer |
German Empire |
2nd Sino-Japanese War
|
149.2 |
Type 4 15 cm howitzer |
Jepang |
2nd Sino-Japanese War
|
149.2 |
Type 96 15 cm howitzer |
Jepang |
2nd Sino-Japanese War
|
149.7 |
15 cm sFH 93 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
149.7 |
15 cm sFH 02 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
149.7 |
15 cm sFH 13 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
150 |
Obusier de 15 cm TR Schneider-Canet-du-Bocage |
Portugal, France |
Perang Dunia I
|
152.4 |
BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Second Boer War, Perang Dunia I
|
152.4 |
M1908 6-inch howitzer |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia I
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer M1909 |
Russian Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer M1910 |
Russian Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
152.4 |
BL 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer M1909/30 |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer M1910/37 |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
152.4 |
152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2) |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20) |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer M1938 (M-10) |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer M1943 (D-1) |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
152.4 |
152 mm howitzer 2A65 Msta-B, M1987 |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dingin
|
152.4 |
152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20) |
Uni Soviet |
Vietnam War, Six-day War, Iran-Iraq War, Syrian Civil War
|
152 |
152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20), M84 NORA field gun |
Yugoslavia |
|
152 |
Type 66 howitzer |
Tiongkok |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
152 |
Type 83 howitzer |
Tiongkok |
Modern
|
152 |
152 H 88 |
Finlandia |
Perang Dingin
|
155 |
Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1881 |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I
|
155 |
Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1890 |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I
|
155 |
Rimailho Model 1904TR |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I
|
155 |
Canon de 155 C modèle 1915 St. Chamond |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
155 |
Canon de 155 C mle 1917 Schneider |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
155 |
M114 155 mm howitzer, M1 |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia II, 1980s, Modern
|
155 |
155 mm gun M1, M2, M59, Long Tom |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
FH70 howitzer |
Jerman, Italia, Britania Raya |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
Obusier de 155 mm Modèle 50 |
Prancis |
Perang Dingin
|
155 |
Haubits FH77 |
Swedia |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
FH-88 howitzer |
Singapore |
Modern
|
155 |
FH-2000 howitzer |
Singapore |
Modern
|
155 |
SLWH Pegasus (Singapore light weight howitzer) |
Singapore |
Modern
|
155 |
G5 howitzer |
Afrika Selatan |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
GC-45 howitzer |
Canada |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
GC-45 howitzer, GHN-45 variant |
Afrika Selatan, Iraq |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
KH179 howitzer |
Korea Selatan |
Perang Dingin
|
155 |
M198 howitzer |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
M389 howitzer |
Rusia |
|
155 |
DRDO ATAGS |
India |
Modern
|
155 |
Bharat 52 |
India |
Modern
|
155 |
Dhanush (howitzer) |
India |
Modern
|
155 |
HM-41 |
Iran |
Modern
|
155 |
155 K 83 |
Finlandia |
Modern
|
155 |
155 GH 52 APU |
Finlandia |
Modern
|
155 |
M777 howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Modern
|
155 |
Royal Ordnance light towed howitzer |
Britania Raya |
|
155 |
Santa Bárbara Sistemas 155/52 |
Spanyol |
Modern
|
155 |
Soltam M-68 howitzer |
Israel |
Perang Dingin
|
155 |
Soltam M-71 howitzer |
Israel |
Perang Dingin
|
155 |
ATHOS 2052[1] |
Israel |
Modern
|
155 |
TRF1 |
Prancis |
Modern
|
155 |
Trajan Nexter |
Prancis |
Modern
|
155 |
Bofors FH77 (L38, L39, L45, L52) |
Swedia |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
Norinco AH4 howitzer 155 mm |
Tiongkok |
Modern
|
155 |
CITER 155 mm L33 gun |
Argentina |
Perang Dingin, Modern
|
155 |
Cañón 155 mm. L 45 CALA 30 |
Argentina |
Modern
|
155 |
Panter howitzer |
Turki |
Modern
|
160 |
RML 6.3-inch howitzer |
Britania Raya |
Second Boer War
|
173 |
17 cm Kanone 18 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
180 |
18 cm kurze Kanone M 80 |
Austria-Hungary |
1881-1918
|
180-203 |
S-23 |
Soviet Union |
1955–1971
|
182.9 |
BL 7.2-inch howitzer Mk.I to Mk.6 |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia II
|
203 |
BL 8-inch howitzer Mk I – V |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia I
|
203 |
BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII |
Britania Raya |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
203 |
M115 howitzer, 8 inch M1 |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin
|
203 |
203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4) |
Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
210 |
Obice da 210/22 |
Kingdom of Italy |
Perang Dunia II
|
210 |
21 cm Mörser M. 16/18 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
210 |
21 cm Kanone 39 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
210 |
210 mm gun M1939 (Br-17) |
Cekoslowakia / USSR |
Perang Dunia II
|
211 |
21 cm Mörser 99 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
211 |
21 cm Versuchmörser 06 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
211 |
21 cm Mörser 10 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
211 |
21 cm Mörser 16 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
211 |
21 cm Mrs 18 |
Nazi Germany |
Perang Dunia II
|
220 |
220 mm TR mle 1915/1916 |
Prancis |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
233.7 |
BL 9.2-inch howitzer |
UK |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
240 |
24 cm Mörser M 98 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I
|
240 |
M1918 240 mm howitzer |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia I
|
240 |
240 mm howitzer M1 |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dunia II, Korean War
|
280 |
28 cm howitzer L/10 |
Jepang |
Russo-Japanese War, Perang Dunia I, II
|
240 |
Type 45 240 mm howitzer |
Jepang |
Perang Dunia II
|
240 |
Type 96 24 cm howitzer |
Jepang |
Perang Dunia II
|
280 |
M65 atomic cannon, Atomic Annie |
Amerika Serikat |
Perang Dingin
|
283 |
28 cm Haubitze L/12 |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
283 |
28 cm Haubitze L/14 i.R. |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
305 |
Skoda 305 mm Model 1911 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I
|
305 |
Obice da 305/17 |
Kingdom of Italy |
Perang Dunia I
|
305 |
BL 12-inch howitzer |
United Kingdom |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
305 |
305 mm howitzer M1939 (Br-18) |
Cekoslowakia, Uni Soviet |
Perang Dunia II
|
305 |
30,5 cm Kusthaubits m/16 |
Swedia |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
381 |
BL 15-inch howitzer |
United Kingdom |
Perang Dunia I
|
420 |
42 cm Haubitze M-Gerät |
German Empire |
Perang Dunia I
|
420 |
42 cm Haubitze M. 14/16/17 |
Austria-Hungary |
Perang Dunia I, II
|
Howitzer gerak sendiri
Fixed howitzer
Kaliber (mm)
|
Nama senjata
|
Negara Asal
|
Penggunaan
|
53
|
5,3 cm L24 Kanone 1887
|
Switzerland
|
19th century
|
75
|
7,5 cm L30 Kanone 1903
(Dailly-Aiguille, based on Krupp Model 03)
|
Switzerland
|
early 20th centuy
|
75
|
7,5 cm L30 Befestigungskanone 38.
|
Switzerland
|
Perang Dunia II
|
75
|
7,5 cm L30 Befestigungskanone 39.
|
Switzerland
|
Perang Dunia II
|
84
|
8,4 cm Kanone 1871/88
|
Switzerland
|
19th century
|
84
|
8,4 cm Krupp Kanone 1880
(Dailly, Airolo, Stuei)
|
Switzerland
|
19th century
|
105
|
10,5 cm L42 Festungkanone 1935, K+W Thun.
|
Switzerland
|
Perang Dunia II
|
105
|
10,5 cm L52 Turmkanone 1939
|
Switzerland
|
Perang Dunia II
|
150
|
Krupp 1877 (Dailly) [2]
|
Switzerland
|
19th century
|
150
|
15 cm L42 Bunkerkanone 1942/46, K+W Thun,
|
Switzerland
|
Perang Dunia II
|
150
|
15 cm L42 Turmkanone 1958, K+W Thun.
|
Switzerland
|
Perang Dingin
|
155
|
Bison Fortress artillery 93 (15.5 cm L52)
|
Switzerland
|
Modern
|
406
|
16-inch howitzer M1920
|
Amerika Serikat
|
Perang Dunia II
|
420
|
42 cm Gamma-Gerät
|
German Empire Nazi Germany
|
Perang Dunia I
Perang Dunia II
|
Referensi
|